下伏软弱层黄土边坡变形机制分析及治理对策研究

本文研究了陕北某电厂夹断层破碎带上覆黄土的泥岩、砂岩互层反倾边坡的变形机制,并研究治理对策及其治理效果。通过边坡工程地质条件及变形破坏特征分析,建立FLAC3D地质模型,采用数值模拟方法研究了边坡变形破坏机制,在此基础上提出削方减载、锚筋桩、锚杆及坡面防护的综合治理措施。研究结果表明,边坡的变形受开挖坡形的影响,坡体浅表层特别是断层带及坡顶黄土部位出现大范围拉应力集中,断层带出现向坡外的挤出变形,带动上部黄土的牵引式变形,引起沿黄土和基岩基覆界面的剪切变形,在黄土中出现大量拉裂缝,在一定条件下潜在滑移面逐渐贯通,坡体将产生整体失稳。边坡的治理应通过削方减载改善坡体应力环境,并重点控制断层带及黄土与基岩基覆界面的变形,数值模拟结果表明,治理后边坡稳定性较好,满足设计要求。     

Uncoupled analysis of stabilizing piles in weathered slopes

This paper describes a simplified numerical approach for analyzing the slope/pile system subjected to lateral soil movements. The lateral one-row pile response above and below the critical surface is computed by using load transfer approach. The response of groups was analyzed by developing interaction factors obtained from a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element study. An uncoupled analysis was performed for stabilizing piles in slope in which the pile response and slope stability are considered separately. The non-linear characteristics of the soil–pile interaction in the stabilizing piles are modeled by hyperbolic load transfer curves. The Bishop's simplified method of slope stability analysis is extended to incorporate the soil-pile interaction and evaluate the safety factor of the reinforced slope. Numerical study is performed to illustrate the major influencing parameters on the pile-slope stability problem. Through comparative studies, it has been found that the factor of safety in slope is much more conservative for an uncoupled analysis than for a coupled analysis based on three-dimensional finite element analysis.     

冀中坳陷霸县凹陷文安斜坡潜山油气成藏模式与勘探发现

利用已钻井资料及高精度叠前时间偏移三维地震资料,对冀中坳陷文安斜坡基岩结构特征、潜山内幕反射结构和已钻井分析表明,斜坡南段潜山内幕寒武系发育有多套储盖组合,油源来自霸县洼槽下第三系沙河街组和孔店组,大断层面、不整合面和渗透层构成油气运移通道。构建了"坡腹层状古储古堵古盖油气藏"潜山内幕成藏新模式,并发现落实了一批潜山内幕圈闭,优选钻探文古3井,于下寒武统府君山组获得高产工业油气流。回顾了构建潜山成藏新模式和文古3潜山油藏的勘探发现历程,并描述了该油藏的基本特征。     

Ultimate bearing capacity of a foundation reinforced by columns or cross trenches under inclined loads: a homogenization approach

This paper addresses the geotechnical engineering problem of evaluating the ultimate bearing capacity of a strip foundation resting upon a reinforced soil, by means of the yield design homogenization approach. The analysis is notably focused on the determination of the macroscopic strength criterion of such reinforced soils, where both constituents are purely cohesive, which can be conveniently expressed through the notion of anisotropic cohesion. A comprehensive comparison is made between the classical configuration of reinforcing columns and the more original one of orthogonal reinforcing trenches. Among the most outstanding results of the analysis is the conclusion that the cross trench configuration is notably more efficient in terms of load bearing capacity than the reinforcement by columns, notably when significantly inclined loading is concerned. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

范数灰关联度分析法在灌浆加固工程中的应用

基于范数概念计算的灰关联度较常用的基于均值思想计算的灰关联度具有更好的整体接近性,本文将范数灰关联 度分析法引入到灌浆加固工程中,应用于确定影响单位深度吸浆量因素的权重上。计算实例表明,该方法具有较高的准确性 和可操作性,能方便、快捷、较准确地确定影响地基单位吸浆量的因素权重。     

强夯有效加固深度的模糊预估

将模糊信息优化处理技术应用于强夯有效加固深度的预估,编制了强夯有效加固深度模糊近似推理的计算程序KFIDM,证明该法比传统的预估方法更为有效和实用。     

Monitoring the Performance of Unsaturated Soil Slopes

Field monitoring is necessary for the geotechnical engineer to verify design assumptions. More importantly, the field data may also be assembled into a comprehensive case record that is available for use when checking validity of any analytical and numerical models. The ongoing process of back-analysis in unsaturated soil engineering can help to refine and improve our understanding, providing guidance for future designs, where the effects of soil suction and hydraulic hysteresis are still being explored. A range of recent field studies of the mechanisms of rainfall infiltration into slopes is presented. In addition, some physical simulations of unsaturated soil slopes subjected to rainfall, rising ground water table and changes of moisture in centrifuge model tests are reported.     

受空洞坍塌影响的加筋路基研究综述

工程上常利用水平加筋法来预防或延迟因受交通荷载和地下水等因素导致空洞坍塌而引起的临近道路的突发性破坏,起到破坏预警作用;但加筋体界面特性与作用机制相当复杂,下伏空洞加筋路基缺少完善的设计方法。通过总结国内外已有文献的研究成果,重点阐述了受空洞坍塌影响的加筋路基-路堤力学机制与作用机制,包括对路堤填土滑移面的定义、层间土拱效应、加筋体拉膜效应、塌陷区上覆填土膨胀、锚固区筋土界面摩擦及过渡区加筋体张拉力折减等方面;总结了空洞区加筋路基已有的设计方法,并进行了对比与讨论。结果表明,已有成果对受空洞坍塌影响的加筋路基-路堤荷载传递机制、渐进性破坏演变机制、沉降计算、极限承载力与稳定性问题等方面的研究仍显不足,针对加筋体上方荷载分布形式仍未形成定论,现有设计方法过于保守,并指明了进一步的研究建议,可为今后研究提供方向和参考。     

Long embankment failure accounting for longitudinal spatial variation – A probabilistic study

For long earth embankments or levees, it is of interest to investigate the slope failure mode in the longitudinal direction. However, this is less commonly discussed in comparison to the plane-strain failure mode. In this paper, the longitudinal failure mode of a long embankment consisting of homogeneous soils is examined. A probabilistic approach using the first-order reliability method (FORM) is adopted to consider the uncertainty of soil properties. In particular, the spatial variability of the undrained shear strength of the soil is modelled in the probabilistic analysis. Parametric studies are subsequently conducted to examine the influence of this soil characteristic on the failure mode of the long embankment.     

110 kV单腿铁塔基础纠偏技术

建于深厚软土上的某铁塔因基础周边不均匀填土后产生了严重的不均匀沉降,经采用顶压法和掏土法对构筑物进行综合促沉纠偏,同时采用钢管桩法加固处理,实践表明效果良好.