源外斜坡区油气成藏要素研究——以松辽盆地北部西部斜坡区为例

勘探证实,松辽盆地北部西部斜坡区已发现的富拉尔基油田、江桥油田、二站-阿拉新油气田、白音诺勒油气田和平洋油气田超出有效烃源岩的展布范围,距离生油凹陷30～100km,成藏要素一直是制约该区油气勘探的核心问题。本文以构造地质学、沉积地质学和石油地质学等理论为指导,开展了松辽盆地北部西部斜坡区构造特征、沉积特征、典型油气藏解剖研究。深入剖析了研究区油气成藏的主控因素,表明已发现的油气主要富集在四个鼻状构造带和超覆带上,储集砂体为三角洲前缘的分流河道砂体、河口坝、远砂坝和席状砂,指出该区油气成藏和富集程度受构造和沉积砂体类型双重控制。典型油气藏解剖表明,该区油气藏类型丰富,主要发育微幅度构造油藏、岩性-构造油藏、构造-岩性及岩性上倾尖灭等油气藏类型。结合构造、断裂、沉积及油气运移等因素,建立了研究区油气成藏模式,指出不整合面、断层和砂体是油气输导通道,为今后该区油气勘探指明了方向。     

Long embankment failure accounting for longitudinal spatial variation – A probabilistic study

For long earth embankments or levees, it is of interest to investigate the slope failure mode in the longitudinal direction. However, this is less commonly discussed in comparison to the plane-strain failure mode. In this paper, the longitudinal failure mode of a long embankment consisting of homogeneous soils is examined. A probabilistic approach using the first-order reliability method (FORM) is adopted to consider the uncertainty of soil properties. In particular, the spatial variability of the undrained shear strength of the soil is modelled in the probabilistic analysis. Parametric studies are subsequently conducted to examine the influence of this soil characteristic on the failure mode of the long embankment.     

准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷东部斜坡带中侏罗统头屯河组高分辨层序与沉积微相精细分析

在岩芯观察、测井及地震资料分析基础上,应用高分辨层序地层理论对准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷东部斜坡带中侏罗统头屯河组进行划分,共识别出1个长期旋回,3个中期旋回以及10个短期旋回。概括起来有2种基准面旋回基本结构类型,多种亚类型,且旋回总体划分与地层划分基本一致。通过对试油资料的分析与总结,发现研究区油层大部分位于中期旋回MSC2中SSC4和SSC7两个短期旋回中,因此重点对两个短期旋回沉积微相特征进行详细分析,认为两个旋回都位于辫状河三角洲前缘亚相,包括水下主河道、分流河道等四个主要沉积微相。通过连井对比、等时地层格架的建立、上升相域沉积微相图编制和砂体纵向及横向分布特征的描述,总体认为SSC7旋回中所发育的有利储集体发育厚度及砂体连通性要好于SSC4旋回中砂体,并对有利储集层分布进行预测。     

昆仑山口西8.1级强震前宁夏的地倾斜异常

详细分析了2001年11月14日昆仑山口西8．1级地震前宁夏地倾斜资料出现的异常，虽然这次地震距离宁夏较远，但卣于震级大，资料详实可靠，异常项次又多，故可信度较高。     

Incorporation of perception-based information in robot learning using fuzzy reinforcement learning agents

Robot learning in unstructured environments has been proved to be an extremely challenging problem, mainly because of many uncertainties always present in the real world. Human beings, on the other hand, seem to cope very well with uncertain and unpredictable environments, often relying on perception-based information. Furthermore, humans beings can also utilize perceptions to guide their learning on those parts of the perception-action space that are actually relevant to the task. Therefore, we conduct a research aimed at improving robot learning through the incorporation of both perception-based and measurement-based information. For this reason, a fuzzy reinforcement learning (FRL) agent is proposed in this paper. Based on a neural-fuzzy architecture, different kinds of information can be incorporated into the FRL agent to initialise its action network, critic network and evaluation feedback module so as to accelerate its learning. By making use of the global optimisation capability of GAs (genetic algorithms), a GA-based FRL (GAFRL) agent is presented to solve the local minima problem in traditional actor-critic reinforcement learning. On the other hand, with the prediction capability of the critic network, GAs can perform a more effective global search. Different GAFRL agents are constructed and verified by using the simulation model of a physical biped robot. The simulation analysis shows that the biped learning rate for dynamic balance can be improved by incorporating perception-based information on biped balancing and walking evaluation. The biped robot can find its application in ocean exploration, detection or sea rescue activity, as well as military maritime activity.     

海上风电高桩承台基础关键部位受力特性研究

海上高桩承台基础结构承台部分的设计主要依靠高桩码头和桥梁等其他高桩承台结构的经验，基于在建工程，为解决设计时容易设计出过厚承台和多余配筋的问题，本文采用有限元对包括土体在内的整个风机基础进行精细化数值模拟计算，计算结果与规范算法进行对比，得到承台设计时规范算法的安全余量，同时提出配筋优化方向。结果表明：基于弹性材料模型计算结果，有限元计算结果小于规范算法计算结果，基桩最大压力相差22.43%，最大上拔力相差2.08%，弯矩差别最大为57.89%，最小为18.85%；基于弹塑性材料模型计算结果，钢筋最大应力出现在钢管桩桩头，承台顶层钢筋受力较小，设计时可加强钢管桩桩头配筋，减少承台顶层钢筋数量。     

Coupling action of rainfall and vehicle loads impact on the stability of loess slopes based on the iso-water content layer

To clarify the changes in slope stability of loess slopes under the coupling action of rainfall and vehicle loads. Experiments with different water contents under different environmental conditions were carried out indoors, and the relationship function between water content and shear strength parameters was obtained; Secondly, based on Geostudio, an equivalent layered calculation model of water content-strength parameters of loess slope was established, the variation law of soil sample matrix suction with volumetric water content was measured by volumetric pressure plate tester. Finally, by using a combination of finite element analysis of saturated/unsaturated seepage and limit equilibrium analysis of slope stability, the SLOPE/W module in the modeling software GeoStudio is used to calculate and analyze the effects of vehicle loads, rainfall intensity, rainfall duration, and other working conditions on the stability of loess slopes, respectively. The results show that when the lane is in the middle of the slope, the vehicle load parameters have little effect on the uphill stability, but have a greater impact on the downhill; With the increase in rainfall, the change curves of the slope safety coefficient gradually overlap when the vehicle loads are four-axis,five-axis, and six-axis. This shows that when studying the change of slope safety factor under the dual influence of vehicle loads and rainfall, rainfall is the main cause of slope stability; The change rate of slope safety factor increases gradually with the increase of rainfall, and the change trends of the upper, lower and overall parts of the slope are similar.     

统计岩体力学(SMRM)——岩体工程地质力学的传承与发展

本文是中国地质学会工程地质专业委员会和中国科学院页岩气与地质工程重点实验室第五届谷德振讲座主讲报告。本文简要回顾了谷德振先生岩体工程地质力学的核心价值和历史贡献,系统介绍了30年来统计岩体力学理论和应用技术探索对岩体工程地质力学的传承和发展。统计岩体力学借鉴经典统计物理学的思想方法,提出了岩体结构几何概率模型、断续介质连续等效的断裂力学能量原理、岩体结构-应力协同控制原理、岩体强度的弱环控制原理、断续裂隙网络渗流力学原理;建立了裂隙岩体本构模型、岩体全过程变形分析方法、高储能岩体特性与岩爆机理模型、圆形硐室围岩弹性变形解析解;发展了岩体数据现场采集技术与装备、全空间方向岩体结构参数、力学参数、渗透系数计算方法,以及各向异性岩体质量分级、工程岩体主动加固方法;开发了岩体工程参数计算系统和数值分析工具JointModel。统计岩体力学的建立对岩体工程地质力学和岩体力学理论与技术进步起到了重要的推进作用。     

CSFG-FR协同作用改良淤泥固化土性能试验研究

为改良淤泥固化土力学特性,提高其变形稳定性,提出采用以水泥?矿渣?粉煤灰?石膏（CSFG, cement-slag-flyash-gypsum）为材料的新型环保固化剂,协同纤维加筋（FR）作用改良淤泥固化土。通过开展无侧限抗压试验和渗透试验,对比分析了不同CSFG掺量（10%、20%、30%）、不同纤维长度（0、3、6、12 mm）和纤维掺量（0%、0.2%、0.4%、0.8%）对试样力学性能和渗透性能的影响。此外,通过X射线衍射（XRD）、电镜扫描（SEM）和核磁共振试验（NMR）分析了CSFG-FR协同作用的微观机制,讨论了其协同作用机制。得到如下主要结论：CSFG-FR试样的力学性能有较为显著的提升,破坏模式从脆性破坏转变为韧性破坏,变形性能也得到改善,但渗透性能改良效果不明显;CSFG-FR中的纤维存在临界掺量（0.4%）,当纤维小于临界掺量时发挥积极作用,超过时则会产生反作用;纤维通过形成三维纤维网络,促进水化物分布,引导水化物在其表面附着生长而发挥CSFG-FR协同作用,最佳纤维掺量为0.4%,最佳纤维长度为12 mm。     

Analysis of groundwater level trend in Jakham River Basin of Southern Rajasthan

Groundwater accounts for about half of the water use for irrigation in India.The fluctuation pattern of the groundwater level is examined by observing rainfall replenishment and monitoring wells.The southern part of Rajasthan has experienced abrupt changes in rainfall and has been highly dependent on groundwater over decades.This study presents the impact of over-dependence on groundwater usage for irrigation and other purposes,spatially and temporally.Hence,the objective of this study is to examine the groundwater level trend by using statistical analysis and geospatial technique.Rainfall factor was also studied in groundwater level fluctuation during 2009-2019.To analyze the influence of each well during recharge or withdrawal of groundwater,thiessien polygonswere generated from them.In the Jakham River basin,75 wells have been identified for water level trend study using the Mann-Kendall statistical test.The statistics of trend analysis show that 15%wells are experiencing water level decline in pre-monsoon,while very low percentage of wells have such trend during post-monsoon season.The average rate of water level decline is 0.245 m/a in pre-monsoon and 0.05 m/a in post-monsoon.The aquifer recharge potential is also decreasing by year.it is expected that such type of studies will help the policy makers to adopt advanced management practices to ensure sustainable groundwater resource management.