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111.
This study describes the seismic performance of an existing five storey reinforced concrete building which represents the typical properties of low-rise non-ductile buildings in Turkey. The effectiveness of shear walls and the steel bracings in retrofitting the building was examined through nonlinear static and dynamic analyses. By using the nonlinear static analysis, retrofitted buildings seismic performances under lateral seismic load were compared with each other. Moreover, the performance points and response levels of the existing and retrofitting cases were determined by way of the capacity-spectrum method described in ATC-40 (1996). For the nonlinear dynamic analysis the records were selected torepresent wide ranges of duration and frequency content. Considering the change in the stiffness and the energy dissipation capacities, the performance of the existing and retrofitted buildings were evaluated in terms of story drifts and damage states. It was found that each earthquake record exhibited its own peculiarities, dictated by frequency content, duration, sequence of peaks and their amplitude. The seismic performance of retrofitted buildings resulted in lower displacements and higher energy dissipation capacity depending mainly on the properties of the ground motions and the retrofitting strategies. Moreover, severe structural damage (irreparable or collapse) was observed for the existing building. However, buildings with retrofit alternatives exhibited lower damage levels changing from no damage to irreparable damage states. 相似文献
112.
Implications of geomorphological research for recent and prehistoric avalanches and related hazards at Huascaran,Peru 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Detailed research of superficial deposits below the northern peak of Huascaran (Cordillera Blanca) provides new information
on the limits of a paleo-avalanche originating from this mountain. Geomorphological mapping of the sediments identified glacial
deposits, deposits from historical rock-debris avalanches and huge boulders from a paleo-avalanche. Schmidt Hammer rock-hardness
tests were used to distinguish between the several generations of rock-debris avalanches, but largely failed to distinguish
between the much older moraine and the paleo-avalanche sediments. Thus, only the field geomorphological mapping proved to
be reliable for identifying the limits of the paleo-avalanche. The limits identified as granite boulders deposited over volcanic
rocks were found to extend 30 m further up the opposite valley slope than previously had been mapped. This larger extent implies
a greater volume and/or greater mobility for the prehistoric event. 相似文献
113.
The northern Adriatic coast, which forms part of the Dinaric karst system, is bordered by high mountains. Here, the occurrence
of rock-slides and rock-falls in road sections with high cuttings excavated in recent times and more than one century ago
has been documented. Some of these old slopes were stable for a long time before rock-slides started to occur. We propose
that these mass movements are favoured by karstification processes acting along joints in the exposed rock mass. The stress
changes induced by overburden removal (excavation) cause dilation in the mass joint systems reducing the rock mass strength
and facilitating the circulation of aggressive water. Changes in water pressure and temperature, wetting and drying cycles,
and corrosion processes along discontinuity planes entail a reduction through time of the shear strength of potential failure
surfaces. 相似文献
114.
115.
116.
Effects of bottom bracings on torsional dynamic characteristics of horizontally curved twin I-girder bridges with different curvatures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Curved twin I-girder bridges (CTIGBs) have low torsional stiffness that makes them vulnerable to dynamic loads.This study investigates the effects of bottom bracings on the torsional dynamic characteri... 相似文献
117.
以1990-2007年天山北坡城镇GDP、土地、人口、交通数据为资料,根据城镇空间分布“最近邻点指数”理论,空间相互作用和分形理论,分析了天山北坡城镇空间分布特征,构建了绿洲城镇相互作用强度判断模型,提出并论证了“组团”点-轴空间结构模式优越性。研究发现:①天山北坡经济带城镇人口规模和经济规模在空间结构呈现3个城镇高密集区,两个城镇稀疏区特征;②传统绿洲城镇空间结构下,城镇接受中心城市辐射差异很大,不利于城镇整体发展;③以“乌鲁木齐都市圈”为点的“组团”点-轴空间结构模式,有利于中心组团城镇对其他城镇的辐射;④以“5组团”为点的点-轴模式有利于组团之间的相互作用,有利于城镇发展;⑤天山北坡经济带向伊犁河谷延伸有利于中心组团城镇对其他组团城镇的辐射。 相似文献
118.
Susceptibility assessment of earthquake-triggered landslides in El Salvador using logistic regression 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
This work has evaluated the probability of earthquake-triggered landslide occurrence in the whole of El Salvador, with a Geographic Information System (GIS) and a logistic regression model. Slope gradient, elevation, aspect, mean annual precipitation, lithology, land use, and terrain roughness are the predictor variables used to determine the dependent variable of occurrence or non-occurrence of landslides within an individual grid cell. The results illustrate the importance of terrain roughness and soil type as key factors within the model — using only these two variables the analysis returned a significance level of 89.4%. The results obtained from the model within the GIS were then used to produce a map of relative landslide susceptibility. 相似文献
119.
Seismic performance of natural slopes, earth structures and solid-waste landfills can be evaluated through displacement-based methods in which permanent displacements induced by earthquake loading are assumed to progressively develop along the critical sliding surface as a result of transient activation of plastic mechanisms within the soil mass. For sliding mechanisms of general shape the earthquake-induced displacements should be computed using a model that provides a closer approximation of sliding surface. When large permanent displacement are induced by seismic actions, due to substantial shear strength reduction, and significant changes in ground surface occur, an improved estimate of permanent displacement can be obtained using a model which accounts for shear strength reduction and mass transfer between adjacent portions of the slope resulting from geometry changes of ground surface during the seismic event.In this paper, a GLE-based model is proposed for seismic displacement analysis of slopes that accounts for shear strength degradation and for geometry rearrangement. Model accuracy is validated against experimental results obtained from shaking table tests carried out on small scale model slopes. Comparison of computed and experimental results demonstrates the capability of the proposed approach in capturing the main features of the observed seismic response of the model slopes. 相似文献
120.
This paper assesses the impact of Chiu-fen-erh-shan residual slope failure using a three-dimensional distinct element program. The simulation results indicate that rocks will severely damage the Lung-Nan path. The Taanshan syncline generates a depression zone adjoining to the slope toe and acts as a buffer zone to trap failing rocks. Some rocks will travel through the syncline, which poses a risk to visitors at the monument and the Shihmen observation deck. Few rocks will pass though the memorial park near the northern boundary of the slope. Visitors should be evacuated out of the impact area during a heavy rainfall event. 相似文献