Late Silurian (Ludlow–Přídolí) microfossils and sedimentation in the Welsh Basin near Clun,Shropshire

The base of the Clun Forest Formation at Clun, Shropshire, has previously been taken to correlate with the base of the Downton Castle Sandstone Formation (Přídolí Series, upper Silurian) on the basis of brachiopod, bivalve, gastropod and ostracod faunas. The detailed distribution of microfossils (acritarchs, chitinozoans, conodonts and ostracods) is documented at Nantyrhynau Quarry, Clun, Shropshire, to test this correlation. Three new species of chitinozoans, Eisenackitina clunensis, Eisenackitina kerria and Angochitina paucispinosa, are described from the quarry. Macrofossil and ostracod distributions suggest that the correlation is correct. However, a typical Ludlow acritarch flora is present throughout the section and suggests that the basal part of the Clun Forest Formation is Ludlow in age. The mixture of characteristic Ludlow and Přídolí microfossils at Nantyrhynau Quarry may be the result of differing environmental conditions between the Ludlow (shelf) and Clun (basinal) areas at this time. Alternatively, the strata exposed at Nantyrhynau Quarry may represent a period towards the end of the Ludlow Series when there are no strata represented in corresponding shelf sections due to non-deposition or erosion. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A diverse ichnofauna from silurian flysch of the aberystwyth grits formation,Wales

The most extensive ichnofauna yet recorded from a deep water Lower Palaeozoic sequence occurs within the distal turbidites of the Lower Silurian Aberystwyth Grits Formation of Central Wales. The strata contain an abundant assemblage comprising 25 ichnogenera: Asteriacites, Bergaueria, Chondrites, Cochlichnus, Cosmorhaphe, Glockerichnus, Gordia, Helicolithus, Helminthopsis, Helminthoida, Hormosiroidea, Lorenzinia, Megagrapton, Monomorphichnus, Neonereites, Nereites, Palaeophycus, Paleodictyon, Planolites, Protopaleodictyon, Spirorhaphe, Spirophycus, Squamodictyon, Subphyllochorda, Taphrhelminthopsis; 36 ichnospecies are described, three of which (Asteriacites aberensis, Helminthopsis regularis, Cosmorhaphe elongata) are new. The inorganic sedimentary structures and trace fossils of some 418 sandstone beds were examined in detail; 16 per cent of the beds commence with Divisions A or B and 84 per cent with Division C of the turbidite sequence. This indicates a relatively distal environment, mainly receiving low velocity turbidity currents, and favouring trace fossil preservation. The most common traces were Helminthopsis, Paleodictyon, and Squamodictyon which were found on 46 per cent, 34 per cent, and 19 per cent of the beds examined. Data from this, and other recently described sequences, confirms that there was a gradual increase in trace fossil diversity in the deep oceans throughout the Lower Palaeozoic, in contrast to the situation in shallow water shelf seas where a peak was reached as early as the Lower Cambrian.     

Reservoir Potential of Silurian Carbonate Mud Mounds in the Southern Sichuan Basin, Central China

Lower Silurian mud mounds of the Shinuilan Formation, located in the southern Sichuan Basin, China, have developed in open shelf settings in deeper water than shallow-water reef-bearing limestones that occur in the region. An integration of the outcrop, drill data and seismic profiles show that contemporaneous faults have controlled the boundary and distribution of the sedimentary facies of Lower Silurian rocks in the southern Sichuan Basin. Mounds appear to have developed in the topographic lows formed by synsedimentary faulting, on the sheff of the Yangtze Platform. Average mound thickness is 20 m, maximum 35 m. Mounds are composed mainly of micrite, possibly microbially bound, and are overlain by shales. Mound tops are preferentially dolomitized, with the Mg^2＋ source probably from the clay content of the mound-top carbonate. Microfacies analysis and reconstruction of the diagenetic history reveal that the mound tops have higher porosity, and are gas targets; in contrast, mound cores and limbs show pores filled by three generations of calcite cement, and therefore have a low gas potential.     

非同沉积断裂活动对邻断裂岩层厚度变化的控制作用

以露头尺度构造现象、物探成果图件、模型模拟实验及国内外有关文献资料为依据,探讨了由非同沉积断裂活动导致的、发生在邻断裂场所的岩层厚度变化的现象及规律。其表现特征为:在正断层作用下,上盘岩层发生增厚,下盘岩层出现减薄;在逆断层作用下,出现的情况正好相反;平移或走滑断层则在"滑向端"和"滑离端"分别出现增厚及减薄现象。该认识对石油、工程和找矿部门具有实际指导作用,对构造地质学的理论研究具有深化认识的意义。      

国外对宾馆业及其附生的营业性娱乐场所的空间关系研究

宾馆业及其附生一衍生的营业性娱乐场所是城市居民日常生活（闲暇娱乐）行为的四大场所之一,该娱乐场所的类型、结构与空间模式是揭示城市社会-生活空间质量的重要方面。文章从城市社会地理学以及人类文化生态学等多学科的研究角度,分析并总结了国外学者对宾馆业及其附生一衍生的营业性娱乐场所的研究现状、内容及其在城市中的空间作用与（社会）空间关系。     

A New Lycopsid, Zhenglia radiata gen. et sp. nov., from the Lower Devonian Posongchong Formation of Southeastern Yunnan, China, and Its Evolutionary Significance

A new plant, Zhenglia radiata gen. et sp. nov., from the Posongchong Formation （Early Devonian, Pragian age） of the Wenshan District of southeastern Yunnan Province, China is a small herbaceous lycopsid. The aerial branches divide into foliar and fertile stems. The arrangement of the leaf bases on the stem shows lepidodendroid-like phyllotaxy. Possibly the leaf base bears a ligulate pit. The microphyll consists of a swollen, decurrent base, and an entire, linear lamina. The fertile axis is composed of sporophylls arranged helically, forming a compact area similar to cone-like structure. Each sporophyll consists of a widened lateral extension and a distal lamina. The ovoid-elongate sporangia are attached adaxially on the surface of sporophylls. Based on morphological similarities, especially the undivided microphylls, the style of phyllotaxy, the form of the cone-like structures and sporangia, the new lycopsid Zhenglia radiata is placed in the order Protolepidodendrales and a possible evolutionary relationship with the arborescent lycopsids of the Late Devonian and Carboniferous is considered.     

大比例尺高精度磁测在卡休他他铁(金、钴)矿生产中的应用

卡休他他铁矿床是20世纪70年代由甘肃省地质六队在内蒙古阿拉善右旗发现的一处中型磁铁矿床,并伴生有钴和金.该矿床由南北2个矿带组成,已由内蒙古庆华集团开采多年.目前正面临资源短缺的局面,为扩大矿山潜在资源,在矿区开展了大比例尺高精度磁测,突出异常细节,可弥补矿床勘探阶段工作比例尺偏小之不足,对提高矿山生产效益,扩大潜在资源量意义重大.文章着重介绍了野外观测技术和室内数据处理方法(磁异常化极、化极向下延拓和交互式二维剖面反演),探讨了地质解释成果在矿山生产中的应用效果.     

基于MODIS数据的北京西北部地区土地覆盖分类研究

本文主要基于MODIS 16天合成的NDVI时间序列数据、8天合成 LST数据、1∶5万DEM数据以及其他辅助数据相结合,进行北京西北部地区土地覆盖分类的研究。首先选取适合于MODIS数据分类的土地覆盖分类系统,然后用PCA方法对NDVI时间序列数据进行信息增强与压缩处理,以排除各种干扰因素,提高分类精度。最后结合LST数据、DEM数据及降雨温度数据,利用?齂-均值非监督分类法,进行研究区的土地覆盖分类,经过分类后处理,得到北京西北部地区的土地覆盖分类图。分类结果表明,使用250m分辨率MODIS数据,结合本文所用方法,能够实现较大区域的土地覆盖分类,并且能达到较高的分类精度。     

农地价值与农地城市流转决策若干问题探讨

从资源环境价值观的角度对农地价值的构成进行分析,得出农地不仅具有市场价值,而且具有巨大的非市场价值。以此为基础,对传统决策模式进行理论优化。认为要协调农地保护与城市化之间的关系,促进经济社会的可持续发展,农地城市流转的直接决策者必须将农地的非使用价值与外部性纳入决策框架。     

Evolution of the Pearl River and its Implication for East Asian Continental Landscape Reversion

As the link connecting the South China Continent and the northern South China Sea(SCS),the Pearl River is the focus of sedimentology and petroleum geology research.Its evolutionary process and controlling factors are of great significance in revealing the East Asian continental landscape reorganization during the Late Cenozoic.Based on published data,’source-to-sink’provenance analyses allow systematic deliberation on the birth and evolutionary history of the Pearl River.Close to the Oligocene/Miocene boundary,an abrupt shift in the sedimentary composition indicates significant westward and northward expansion of the river’s watershed area,followed by the establishment of a near-modern fluvial network.This sedimentary change generally concurred with a series of regional geological events,including the onset of the Yangtze throughflow,large-scale development of the loess plateau,and formation of the northwestern arid zone and Asian Monsoon system.These major changes in the geology-climate-ecoenvironment system are in close response to the process of the Cenozoic Xizang(Tibetan)Plateau uplift.Consequently,the East Asian continental landscape and most of midCenozoic drainage systems underwent critical reversion into east-tilting,or east-flowing networks.