Matrix isolation technique for the study of some factors affecting the partitioning of trace elements

Some of the factors that affect the preferred positions of cations in ionic-solid solutions were investigated utilizing vibrational spectroscopy. Solid solutions of the sulfate and chromate ions codoped with La³⁺ and Ca²⁺ in a KBr host lattice were examined as a function of the polyvalent-cation concentration. The cation—anion pairing process was found to be random for Ca²⁺ whereas the formation of La³⁺SO₄^2? ion-pairs with a C_2v bonding geometry is highly preferential to any type of La³⁺CrO₄^2? ion-pair formation. The relative populations of ion-pair site configurations are discussed in terms of an energy—entropy competition which can be applied to the partition of trace elements during magmatic processes.     

A low resolution map of Europa from four occultations by Io

Analysis of three occultations of JII (Europa) by JI (Io) has resulted in a preliminary reflectivity map of JII for the hemisphere centered on longitude 324°, a measurement of 1483±20 km for the radius of JII, estimates of the event impact parameters, determination of the mid event times, and a visual geometric albedo, p_ν = 0.74, for JII. A fourth occultation light curve was used after derivation of the results to confirm their validity.     

池养黄河鲤鱼含肉率及其肌肉营养成份的分析

本文就池养黄河鲤鱼的含肉率及其肉肉营养成份进行了测定分析。结果表明：池养黄河鲤鱼的含肉率为７１、９８５％；其肌肉营养成份蛋白质含量为１７．５８％、脂肪含量为３．９７％、灰分含量为１．１２％、水分含量为７７．３３％；肌肉中含有丰富的体全部必需８种氨基酸和４种鲜味氨基酸；肌肉中还含有丰富的人体必需微量元素铜，锌、铁等及大量元素、磷。     

滇东非海相泥盆纪地层研究──滇东曲靖晚志留世──早泥盆世早期沉积环境

分析滇东曲靖晚志留世──早泥盆世早期地层的岩石、古生物、地球化学特征。提出对曲靖地区晚志留世－早泥盆世早期沉积环境的新认识，指出该阶段以海相环境及过渡相环境为特征，受河流影响显著。     

用13C-NMR光谱法研究几种红藻含硫半乳聚糖的结构特征

于１９８９年８月对采自青岛地区的５种红藻用冷水和热水分步提取或直接加热提取方法制备含硫半乳聚糖，对其多糖进行的＾１３Ｃ－光谱分析结果表明，扁江蓠多糖主要由琼胶糖和６－硫酸基－琼胶糖组分构成，海萝和多管藻多糖主要由６－硫酸基－琼胶糖组成，并含微量琼胶糖前体，６－ＯＣＨ３－琼胶糖组分，此两种藻的热水提取物中还含有微量２－ＯＣＨ３－琼胶糖，三叉仙菜的热水提取多糖主要由琼胶糖的前体组成；从海膜多糖谱图的信     

九孔鲍养殖中的脓疱病病因分析和药物敏感性研究

在福建沿海养殖的九孔鲍不论是成鲍还是幼鲍均经常发生脓疱病,死亡率可达 50％-60％,其症状与皱纹盘鲍脓疱病相似,但对药物的敏感性却不同．研究发现: 导致福建省的九孔鲍发生脓疱病的主要致病菌为溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)而非 河流弧菌(V．fluvialis)．其对多数药物不敏感,在43种抗菌药物中只对呋喃妥因、氯霉 素、痢特灵等中度敏感,而对青霉素、复方新诺明和头孢类药物则完全不敏感．由于上述 药物已被列为禁用渔药而不宜使用,故生产中应以新研制的无公害防治药物替代．     

海底浅层气的成因、赋存特征及其对工程的危害

利用1986～1992年珠江口盆地灾害地质与工程地质调查、2000～2001年亚太光缆网络系统路由调查等获得的资料,对海底浅层气的分布与赋存特征作了分析研究,认为海底浅层气主要分布于河口与陆架地区,以层状、团(块)状、高压气囊及气底辟等4种形态赋存于海底,在侧扫声纳、浅地层剖面等图像中有4种主要识别标志。海底浅层气常常会给基础工程施工带来严重影响,因此,对其给工程带来的影响及危害应予以足够的重视。     

Seismic and sequence stratigraphy of the central western continental margin of India: late-Quaternary evolution

Seismic and sequence stratigraphic architecture of the central western continental margin of India (between Coondapur and south of Mangalore) has been investigated with shallow seismic data. Seismic stratigraphic analysis defined nine seismic units, that are configured in a major type-1 depositional sequence possibly related to fourth-order eustatic sea-level changes, comprising regressive, lowstand, transgressive and highstand systems tracts. The late-Quaternary evolution of the continental margin took place under the influence of an asymmetric relative fourth-order sea-level cycle punctuated by higher frequency cycles. These cycles of minor order were characterised by rapid sea-level rises and gradual sea-level falls that generated depositional sequences spanning different time scales. During the regressive periods, dipping strata were developed, while erosional surfaces and incised valleys were formed during the lowstands of sea level. Terraces, v-shaped depressions, lagoon-like structures observed on the outer continental shelf are the result of the transgressive period. In the study area we have recognised a complex erosional surface that records a long time span during the relative sea-level fall (regressive period) and the following sea-level lowstand and has been reworked during the last transgression. We also infer that sedimentation processes changed from siliciclastic sedimentation to carbonate sedimentation and again to siliciclastic sedimentation, marking an important phase in the late-Quaternary evolution of the western continental shelf of India. We attribute this to an abrupt climate change at the end of the oxygen isotope stage 2, between the Last Glacial Maximum and the Bølling-Allerod event (14?000 yr BP). This sensitive climate change (warming) favoured the formation of reefs at various depths on the shelf, besides the development of Fifty Fathom Flat, a carbonate platform on the outer shelf off Bombay developed prior to 8300 yr BP. The highstand systems tracts were deposited after the sea level reached its present position.     

皱纹盘鲍脓疱病病原菌──河流弧菌-Ⅱ的抗药机制的初步研究

1993年9月至1995年末，大连地区的一龄鲍至成鲍都出现了脓疱病，用常规方法从3个养殖厂的病鲍中分离到了3个菌株，分别为D株、N株和T株。经鉴定这3个菌株为同一种──河流弧菌-Ⅱ。这3个菌株来自3个不同的海区、不同的单位，并且这3个单位使用的抗生素种类和浓度也木同，所以这3个菌株对18种抗生素的敏感度也木同。D株对环丙沙星（抑菌坏直径30mm）、复方新诺明（抑菌坏直径27mm）等敏感，而对青霉素、青霉素Ⅱ、氨苄青霉素（抑菌环直径0mm）等耐药。N株除对青霉素Ⅱ、白霉素、吡哌酸等耐药外，对其它12种抗生素都敏感或中度敏感（抑菌环直径13．5－30mm）。T株对氟派酸（抑菌环直径22mm）、环丙沙星（抑菌环直径20．3mm）等敏感，而对氯霉素、复方新诺明等耐药。研究发现，经常使用同一种抗生素很容易使病原菌产生耐药性．连续3d使用单一的抗生素（青霉素）就会产生耐药的菌株。为证明上述3个菌株的抗药性是属于哪一类，以T株为例，提取总DNA，并对总DNA进行EcoRⅠ酶切图谱分析，图谱有明显的异同，说明3个菌株的抗药性不同可能与基因突变有关。不管是非遗传型还是遗传型，都是由于抗生素为细菌提供了耐药突变株的选择环境，从而使耐药菌株得以大量繁殖。