Origin of seleniferous cherts in Yutangba Se deposit,southwest Enshi,Hubei Province

At the top of the Lower Permian Maokou Formation limestones are developed carbonaceous cherts(Plm3),which constitute the dominant seleniferous layer of the Yutangba Se deposit.The cherts contain as much Se as 1646×10?6 on average.In addition,they are rich in organic carbon,Al2O3,Si2O,but poor in S.In addition to Se,as well as Mo,Cd,V,and Co,etc are also highly enriched in the cherts.The chert samples are characterized by low ?REE,slight LREE enrichment,relatively heavy Si isotope enrichment,and insignificant variations in ? 30Si value within the range of 1.1‰-1.2‰.Generally,it can be judged from the major element,trace element and REE data and the Si isotopic characteristics that the Yutangba seleniferous cherts were formed in the shallow sea to semi-deep sea anoxic environments and their formation is controlled chiefly by bio-chemical processes.     

Silicon isotope fractionation between plant parts in banana: In situ vs. in vitro

We recently showed that silicon isotopic fractionation in banana (Musa acuminata Colla, cv Grande Naine) was related to phytolith production, and therefore to silica content in plant. The present study focuses on isotopic fractionation between the different plant parts. Silicon isotopic compositions were measured using a Nu plasma multicollector plasma source mass spectrometer (MC–ICP–MS) operating in dry plasma mode. The results are expressed as δ²⁹Si relatively to the NBS28 standard, with an average precision and accuracy of ± 0.08‰ (± 2σ). On mature banana (Musa acuminata Colla, cv Grande Naine) from Cameroon, δ²⁹Si ranged from + 0.13‰ in the petiole to + 0.49‰ in the lamina, yielding to a 0.36‰ change towards heavier isotopic composition in the upper parts of the plant. This strongly accords with results obtained on in vitro banana plantlets cultivated in hydroponics, where the δ²⁹Si increase from pseudostems to lamina is 0.26‰. These preliminary results on in situ banana show a trend of intra-plant fractionation comparable with that of in vitro hydroponics banana plantlets and with previous data obtained on bamboo.     

Mineral chemical constraints on the petrogenesis of mafic and intermediate volcanic rocks from the Erciyes and Hasandağ volcanoes,Central Turkey

Hasandağ and Erciyes stratovolcanoes, which produced both calc-alkaline and alkaline eruptive products, are the two important volcanic complexes in Central Anatolia. There are three geochemical evolution stages in the history of the Hasandağ strato volcanic complex: (1) Keçikalesi tholeiitic, (2) Hasandağ calc-alkaline and (3) Hasandağ alkaline. Volcanologic and petrologic characteristics of the Hasandağ and Erciyes calc-alkaline series show that water played an important role on the genesis of these rocks. These rocks are phenocryst-rich with vesicular texture, and contain hydrous mineral phases. The approximate pressure and temperature estimates obtained from the mineral chemistry studies of the Hasandağ strato volcanic complex indicate crystallization temperature of 1100 °C with 2.5–3.4 kbar pressure interval for the first stage of Keçikalesi tholeiitic volcanism, and about 850 °C temperatures with 4.3–9.6 kbar pressure intervals for the second stage of Hasandağ calc-alkaline volcanism.The geochemical evolution of Erciyes volcanic complex also exhibits three distinct evolutionary stages: (1) Koçdağ alkaline, (2) Koçdağ calc-alkaline and (3) Erciyes calc-alkaline. The temperature of Koçdağ alkaline volcanism is 1097–1181 °C and in a range of 5.1–6.7 kbar pressure, for Koçdağ calc-alkaline volcanism 850–1050 °C temperature to 2.0–6.6 kbar pressure interval, and for Erciyes calc-alkaline volcanism about 950 °C temperature, to 3.2–7.9 kbar pressure intervals were calculated. Polybaric origin of magma chambers for calc-alkaline and alkaline rocks and disequilibrium parameters observed in phenocrysts indicate that the rocks were affected by magma mixing processes in crustal magma chambers. The disequilibrium features of amphibole and plagioclase phenocrysts in these rocks point the latent heat in magma chambers and periodic recharging with mafic magma chambers and also show that magmas reequilibrate before the eruption.     

地球生态系统的控制能力

随着人类活动的加剧, 环境发生了巨大的变化。从地球生态系统的角度来探讨和研究全球的环境变化, 具有重要的意义。通过对北太平洋海洋生态系统的剖析, 在时间和空间尺度上, 展示了地球生态系统强有力地控制着陆地的沙尘暴、大气的北太平洋季风和海洋的硅来源及输送方式。为了保持向海洋输入大量的Si, 地球生态系统控制着陆地生态系统、大气生态系统和海洋生态系统。研究显示, 地球生态系统使北太平洋的季风与北太平洋边缘的雨季在时间上密切相嵌, 顺利完成近岸洪水和河流的输送与大气的输送之间的相互转换; 同时也使沙尘暴与北太平洋Si 的缺乏在时间上紧密配合, 其强度大小与Si 缺乏的严重程度相一致。因此, 在全球的环境变化下, 海洋Si 的缺乏是在严重加剧。那么, 地球生态系统展示了强有力的控制能力, 维持向海洋水域提供大量的硅, 充分保证海洋生态系统的健康发展。     

大水式金矿床稳定同位素、稀土元素地球化学研究

大水式金太床是近年来在西秦岭地区发现的一个国内外十分罕见的金矿类型,具有极为独特的矿化特征。通过对矿区热液方解石、硅质岩矿石、硅化灰岩及原岩、岩浆岩等地质体碳－氧、硅－氧、碳－氢－氧同位素和稀土元素地球化学特征的系统研究揭示,成矿物质中碳为氧化作用改造的深成岩浆碳,硅具深部岩浆或岩浆热水来源的特点,成矿流体具岩浆水与建造水混合之特点,各种矿石稀土配分曲线和δＥｕ、δＣｅ值均与岩浆岩类似或接近而与地     

地下水^32硅年龄的测定方法—液体闪烁计数法

用Fe(OH) 3共沉淀从天然水中提取纯化SiO2 ,回收率在 30 %～ 98% ,然后提取32 P ,将H3PO4溶液和PicoflourLLT混合制备计数溶液 ,用液体闪烁计数法测量32 P的放射性 ,计算32 Si的放射性浓度 ,最后确定地下水的年龄。通过对河北平原浅层地下水的32 Si年龄进行测定 ,所得的32 Si年龄为 92 9 89a± 1 7 87a,与1 4 C的校正年龄一致     

西藏蛇绿岩豆荚状铬铁矿中简单氧化物矿物组合及其超高压成因

最近在西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩豆荚状铬铁矿中,发现包括金刚石、柯石英和某些简单氧化物,诸如SiO2、MgO、Fe2O3、Cr2O3、Al2O3以及(Si,Ti)O2等组成的矿物群。这些矿物是非常复杂的由70~80种矿物组成的地幔矿物群的一部分。这充分证实在地幔中存在简单氧化物。高压-高温相平衡实验表明,硅酸盐矿物在下地幔条件才可分解成FeO、MgO和SiO2等简单氧化物(>670km)。因此有理由认为罗布莎简单氧化物可能来自下地幔深部。     

基于传统文化的河道景观治理应用研究

探讨传统文化在河道景观治理工程中的应用。首先,分析了国内有关河道景观设计的研究现状,引出了基于传统文化的河道景观治理理念;其次,以泗河---曲阜段的河道景观治理为例,依托其深厚的地域特色文化底蕴,以孔子提倡的儒家文化为纽带,以儒家“中庸”思想作为设计理念和依据,以“儒风”、“书院”、“英杰”、“六经”等史迹、史料为线索,借由抽象的方式表达出儒家“中庸”的思想本质,展现孔子时期传承教化的历史画卷以及先贤的古朴遗风,同时塑造出自然与人文和谐共存的标志性景观图式;结果表明：将传统文化的延续性与都市生活的现代性有机地融合,重现了河流原有的、多姿多彩的自然风情,实现了河流“生态性”和”城市性”的平衡统一,打造了“充满活力和文化的河流”,赋予了河流“生命和灵魂”。