Silicon and oxygen isotopic composition of igneous rocks from the eastern Manus Basin

This paper reports silicon and oxygen isotopes of 20 kinds of igneous rocks and their major elements from the eastern Manus Basin. Combining silicon and oxygen isotopic data from other studies, we suppose that both δ30Si and δ18O values increase with the increasing of SiO2 content. It means that the fractionation of silicon and oxygen isotopes are affected by the silica content. The positive correlation between CaO/Al2O3 ratios and MgO and that between Si/Al and SiO2 content indicate that clinopyroxene is the predominant mineral phase in our samples. We suppose that the fractionation of silicon and oxygen isotopes are influenced by mineral fractional crystallization. Probably, it is due to their different silicon and oxygen bridges. In this study, the δ30Simean value=-0.17‰±0.17‰ and δ18Omean value= +6.07‰±0.57‰ are higher than normal δ30Si and δ18O values of mantle, and we propose that these igneous rocks in the eastern Manus Basin are affected by hydrothermal alteration.     

西藏斯弄多低硫化型浅成低温热液Ag Pb Zn矿床：Si H O同位素的示踪应用

拉萨地块南木林盆地林子宗群火山机构内发育有斯弄多隐爆角砾岩型、热液脉型Ag-Pb-Zn矿床,该矿床金属矿物为闪锌矿、方铅矿,少量黄铜矿和辉银矿,蚀变矿物为绢云母、伊利石、玉髓、蒙脱石、碧玉、方解石、菱锰矿和菱铁矿,符合低硫型浅成低温热液矿床的基本特征。本次研究对陆相火山岩中热泉喷口的硅质条带及穿切矿体石英脉进行了Si、H、O同位素测试,结果表明:(1)硅质条带的石英单矿物δ~(30)Si_(NBS-28)为-1.2‰~-0.4‰,记录有热水沉积Si同位素地球化学特征,为古热泉硅华成因;(2)受后期火山热液作用改造的热水沉积硅质条带全岩δ~(30)Si_(NBS-28)为-0.2‰~+0.3‰,显示火山岩与热水沉积岩混合特征;(3)穿切矿体石英脉δ~(30) Si_(NBS-28)值为-0.8‰~-0.1‰,与热水沉积硅质条带石英单矿物Si同位素组成一致,显示低温成因高Δ30Si同位素分馏值特征;(4)石英脉和硅质条带全岩的流体包裹体氢氧同位素特征显示大气水与火山岩发生了水-岩交换作用的"氧同位素漂移"现象,说明成矿流体在火山岩地层中经历了长期的循环作用。因此,Si-H-O稳定同位素指示:矿区内仍保留有古热泉喷口,表明矿区自古新世火山岩喷发和成矿后,剥蚀程度低,"缺位"寻找低硫化浅成低温热液型Au-Ag矿床的勘查潜力较大,低δ~(30)Si_(NBS-28)值石英脉和硅化是重要找矿标志。     

Ge/Si and Sr/Sr tracers of weathering reactions and hydrologic pathways in a tropical granitoid system

Ge/Si and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr data from primary and secondary minerals, soil waters, and stream waters in a tropical granitoid catchment quantitatively reflect mineral alteration reactions that occur at different levels within the bedrock–saprolite–soil zone. Near the bedrock–saprolite interface, plagioclase to kaolinite reaction yields low Ge/Si and 87Sr/86Sr. Higher in the regolith column, biotite weathering and kaolinite dissolution drive Ge/Si and 87Sr/86Sr to high values. Data from streams at base flow sample the bedrock–saprolite interface zone, while at high discharge solutes are derived from upper saprolite–soil zone. Coupled Ge/Si and 87Sr/86Sr can be effective tools for quantifying the importance of specific weathering reactions, and for geochemical hydrograph separation.     

新型电致冷半导体探测器的应用

用于探测X射线的锂漂移型硅探测器需在液氮条件下低温保存和使用,因此限制了其应用范围。介绍了一种采用电致冷方式的新型半导体探测器,并通过把液氮致冷的Si(Li)探测器与电致冷的Si-PIN探测器进行比较,论证了电致冷方法的可行性。     

文公岭沸石的矿物学研究

本文研究了文公岭的辉沸石和片沸石，对二者的形态、物性、化学组成、晶胞参数等进行了观测，指出二者在红外光谱图上的区别．对片沸石的Ｓｉ／Ａｌ、含水量等作了详细研究。探讨了以上两种沸石在角砾岩中的分带及成因．     

硅锰合金的X-射线荧光分析

在硅锰合金样中加入一定量的硼酸作为黏结剂进行压片试样，然后选择合适条件，用X－射线荧光光谱法测定硅锰合金中的Si,Mn，P，S，C5个元素，分析结果符合国标要求。     

元代广州作为建制城市的历史地理初探

本文从城市的建城和建制关系出发，阐述广州在从秦到唐宋等朝代建需基础上，于元代设置广州录事司，是一个与县同级的行政区域和市政管理机构，此即广州作为建制城市之始，并在城市性质，结构和功能上反映广州这种变化，是广州城市发展史上一个里程碑，值得重视。     

“镜铁山式”铁铜矿床地质特征及其成因探讨

探讨了镜铁山桦树沟矿区铁铜矿床成矿地质背景和成岩成矿的演化过程,阐述控制铁铜矿带在水平和垂向分带变化的地质特征。根据线性构造与火山喷发沉积关系,着重探讨“镜铁山式”铁铜矿床的成因机制,并运用δ３４Ｓ、δ１８Ｏ、δ１３Ｃ测试成果,确立含铁铜硅质岩建造,建立上铁下铜结构分带。认为该类型矿床是与海相火山作用有关的喷气沉积成因矿床,具有与块状硫化物矿床共生,组成铁－铜－硫矿床系列双层成矿结构模式