基于Langmuir吸附的瓦斯含量和瓦斯压力的对应关系

为探讨煤层瓦斯含量和瓦斯压力的对应关系,应用Langmuir方程,分析总结了吸附常数测值的影响因素,初步阐述了瓦斯含量和瓦斯压力的内在联系,并进行了不同变质程度煤的相关实验研究和理论计算。研究结果表明：Langmuir吸附常数测试受吸附时间、压力点设置、温度和水分含量等多种因素影响;利用修正的Langmuir方程换算的瓦斯含量或瓦斯压力与煤的变质程度有关,在低煤级阶段表现为高压低含量特点,而高煤级阶段正好相反,瓦斯压力0.74 MPa和瓦斯含量8 m³/t只有在贫煤阶段才近似一致。建议综合考虑地质构造和构造煤发育情况,以实测瓦斯压力为主要依据,针对不同变质程度煤的矿井制定合理的突出预测指标。     

Numerical study of the 3D failure envelope of a single pile in sand

The paper presents a comprehensive study of the failure envelope (or capacity diagram) of a single elastic pile in sand. The behavior of a pile subjected to different load combinations is simulated using a large number of finite element numerical calculations. The sand is modeled using a constitutive law based on hypoplasticity. In order to find the failure envelope in the three-dimensional space (i.e. horizontal force H, bending moment M and vertical force V), the radial displacement method and swipe tests are numerically performed. It is found that with increasing vertical load the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile decreases. Furthermore, the presence of bending moment on the pile head significantly influences the horizontal bearing capacity and the capacity diagram in the H–M plane manifests an inclined elliptical shape. An analytical equation providing good agreement with the 3D numerical results is finally proposed. The formula is useful for design purposes and the development of simplified modeling numerical strategies such as macro-element.     

声速剖面EOF表示的第一模态解析

为实现对声速剖面EOF表示后第一模态时间系数和空间函数变化规律的解析,提出了一种简化的声速剖面变化模型,即"拐点"深度值和声速值的变化;声速梯度的变化和表层海水温度周期性变化所引起的海水声速变化,通过将4种因素所引起的第一模态空间函数的变化规律与实际声速剖面簇第一模态空间函数的变化规律对比,分析引起实测声速剖面变化的主要因素,最后,分别用深海和浅海实测声速剖面数据对其进行验证。     

Web2.O环境下基于布鲁克斯方程的地图信息传输模型

各向地图信息传输模型是传统地图信息传输理论在Web2.0时代的延伸与发展,对提升现代地图学的价值具有重要意义.本文通过分析Web2.0地图的特点和相关工作,研究地图制图模式及其相应的地图信息传输模型,引入信息生态学和布鲁克斯方程,重点探索了基于Web2.0地图的各向地图信息传输模型,利用信息学的布鲁克斯方程对Web2....     

Equation on spatial variation of shallow water waves amplitude

Boussinesq’s theory was used in this study on water waves entering shallow water showing that the spacial variation of the wave amplitude is nonlinear, and is governed by the Duffing equation usually applied to describe nonlinear oscillation in nature. Contribution No. 3324 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Project 49471276 supported by NSFC and the Ninth-Five-Year Key Project (KI952-s1-420) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.     

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第一类算子方程的吉洪诺夫正则解的收敛性和渐近阶估计

本文对于第一类算子方程当右端近似给定和当算子与右端皆近似分别给定时,讨论如何确定正则参数。并给出吉洪诺夫正则解的收敛性和渐近阶估计。     

变差函数参数的计算

为了求出地质统计学中变差函数理论模型的参数，首先把相应模型化成线性函数的形式，多面手应用线性方程组非负解的理论计算出它的参数。     

适用于声波方程数值模拟的时间-空间域隐式有限差分算子优化方法

声波方程数值模拟已广泛应用于理论地震计算,同时构成了地震逆时偏移成像技术的基础.对于有限差分法而言,在满足一定的稳定性条件时,普遍存在着因网格化而形成的数值频散效应.如何有效地缓解或压制数值频散是有限差分方法研究的关键所在.有限差分格式分为显式有限差分和隐式有限差分.隐式有限差分能够进一步压制数值频散效应.因此本文提出了给定频率范围满足时间-空间域隐式有限差分频散关系的方法,并根据震源频率、波速和网格间距确定波数范围,在此基础上建立方程确定了相应的隐式有限差分系数,使得差分系数能在更大频率范围符合波场传播规律.通过频散分析和正演模拟,验证了本文方法的有效性.     

Efficient methods for solving water flow in variably saturated soils under prescribed flux infiltration

The non-linear solvers in numerical solutions of water flow in variably saturated soils are prone to convergence difficulties. Many aspects can give rise to such difficulties and in this paper we address the gravity term and the prescribed-flux boundary in the Picard iteration. The problem of the gravity term in the Picard iteration is iteration-to-iteration oscillation as the gravity term is treated, by analogy with the time-step advance technique, ‘explicitly’ in the iteration. The proposed method for the gravity term is an improvement of the ‘implicit’ approach of Zhang and Ewen [Water Resour. Res. 36 (2000) 2777] by extending it to heterogeneous soil and approximating the inter-nodal hydraulic conductivity in the diffusive term and the gravity term with the same scheme. The prescribed-flux boundary in traditional methods also gives rise to iteration-to-iteration oscillation because there is no feedback to the flux in the solution at the new iteration. To reduce such oscillation, a new method is proposed to provide such a feedback to the flux. Comparison with traditional Picard and Newton iteration methods for a wide range of problems show that a combination of these two proposed methods greatly improves the stability and consequently the computational efficiency, making the use of small time step and/or under-relaxation solely for convergence unnecessary.