输入界面对场地地表地震动参数的影响

本文以江淮地区典型场地资料为原型,选取不同深度的岩层位置作为地震动输入界面,构造多种场地土层模型,选择Taft、Kobe和E1centro 3条强震记录作为地震输入,采用一维频域等效线性化波动方法重点分析了地震动输入界面对场地地表地震动参数的影响。研究结果表明,随着输入界面深度的增加,场地地表的峰值加速度逐渐增加,且增加的幅度呈逐渐减小的趋势,但输入界面深度对地表加速度反应谱特征周期的影响较小;输入界面剪切波速值对反应谱特征周期影响有限,但对地表峰值加速度影响较为显著,地表峰值加速度随着输入界面剪切波速的增大而增大,且两者的增幅呈现近似的线性关系。     

Isolation of plane shear wave using water saturated trench barrier

The article presents a theoretical investigation of the propagation of normally and obliquely incident plane shear waves past a rectangular trench filled up with water saturated soil sandwiched between anisotropic elastic media. The motivation for this work is due to the effectiveness of the isolation of waves by the in-filled rectangular trench. Unlike the most of the previous researchers, this model considers the soil–structure interaction effects and directly determines the influence of barrier in the form of in-filled trench on the mode of wave propagation. It is of interest to determine the reflection and transmission coefficients, and the energy partition distribution of shear waves in the in-filled rectangular trench showing the influence of barrier on the propagation of waves. An extensive parametric study through numerical computation is carried out to investigate the influence of the material properties of the in-filled trench and the amplitude ratios on shear waves. The in-filled trench barrier directly declines the intensity of waves significantly in such a way that the waves do not create any hazards to the nearby structures, if exists at all.     

Small-strain dynamic characterization of clayey soil from the Texcoco Lake,Mexico

The area occupied by the former Texcoco Lake was part of a system of lakes inside the Basin of Mexico. The subsoil there has been studied in the past but there is still a need for more and more thorough investigations into the dynamic properties of its highly compressible clays. This paper describes the results of an experimental laboratory research in which a triaxial cell fitted with bender elements was used to measure shear wave velocities (V_s) in clay specimens from the former Texcoco Lake. Soil specimens were subjected to isotropic loading–unloading cycles and values of V_s were determined during the saturation stage and after each stress increment or decrement. Our results show that irrespective of the testing method, shear waves velocities differ in no more than 7–15%.     

Application of passive source surface-wave method in site engineering seismic survey

Site engineering seismic survey provides basic data for seismic effect analysis. As an important parameter of soil, shear-wave velocity is usually obtained through wave velocity testing in borehole. In this paper, the passive source surface-wave method is introduced into the site engineering seismic survey and practically applied in an engineering site of Shijingshan District. By recording the ubiquitous weak vibration on the earth surface, extract the dispersion curve from the surface-wave components using the SPAC method and obtain the shear-wave velocity structure from inversion. Over the depth of 42 m underground, it totally consists of five layers with interface depth of 3.31, 4.50, 7.23, 17.41, and 42.00 m; and shear-wave velocity of 144.0, 198.3, 339.4, 744.2, and 903.7 m/s, respectively. The inversion result is used to evaluate site classification, determine the maximum shear modulus of soil, provide basis for further seismic hazard analysis and site assessment or site zoning, etc. The result shows that the passive source surface-wave method is feasible in the site engineering seismic survey and can replace boreholes, shorten survey period, and reduce engineering cost to some extent.     

2005年1月18日乳山ML4.3地震序列

对2005年1月18日乳山ML4.3地震序列特征及烈度分布进行了介绍, 认为乳山ML4.3地震序列是一次能量衰减较快、频度起伏衰减的主-余型地震序列, 序列本身不具有明显的前兆意义.     

地震剖面中走滑断层旋向判断模型——以塔东阿拉干北断层为例

地震剖面解释中尚无走滑断层旋向的直接判别标志,本文提出了一个在地震剖面解释中直接判断走滑断层旋向的模型。该模型假定断层作用前既存的某个地层厚度有变化,则垂直或斜交地层厚度变化方向的走滑断层必定在穿过断层的地震剖面中两盘地层厚度不等。确定了地层厚度变化方向,又测定了剖面中两盘地层厚度,则走滑断层的旋向就可以唯一地确定下来。穿过塔里木盆地东部阿拉干北右行走滑断层的地震剖面资料证实了这一模型的适用性。     

SASW法在粉土液化判别中的应用

文章介绍了面波法(SASW法)的基本原理与测试方法,并将该方法用于判别黄河三角洲饱和粉土的液化势.通过标准贯入试验结果与瑞雷波法判别结果的对比,说明以剪切波速为土性指标的液化判别方法是一个很有前景的方法,但由于资料太少,建议继续收集液化调查资料,以发展出一个有充分根据的液化判别方法.     

大别—苏鲁及邻区上地幔的各向异性

大别—苏鲁是扬子与华北的碰撞造山带,对该地区上地幔各向异性的研究有助于了解该区的地幔动力学机制.本文选用了中国数字化地震台网和区域数字地震台网(山东、安徽、江苏、河南、湖北)三分量宽频带的远震地震波形数据,分别采用最小能量法和旋转相关法,对大别—苏鲁及邻区进行剪切波偏振分析,计算了研究区台站下方介质的各向异性分裂参数:快波偏振方向(Φ)和快慢波延迟时间(δt).本文研究结果发现,研究区内快、慢波延迟时间0.5~1.63 s,推测各向异性层深度为57.5~187.6 km,由软流圈和岩石圈地幔的各向异性共同作用引起.快波偏振方向在4个不同构造区表现出不同的特点:华北板块快波偏振方向为近E-W向,根据地质资料,我们分析认为华北板块的各向异性受地幔软流圈流动的影响明显;大别造山带各向异性平行于大别主构造,反映造山过程中岩石圈物质沿大别造山轴部NW-SE向迁移的特点; 在大别南侧和东侧的扬子板块快波偏振方向分别表现为近垂直于造山带走向和NEE-SWW,苏鲁造山带各向异性结果为NEE-SWW,与地表构造有一定的夹角,同时与板块运动方向相差较大,分析认为扬子板块和苏鲁造山带各向异性是由地幔软流圈流动和印支—燕山期构造运动残留在岩石圈地幔的"化石各向异性"共同作用的结果.     

Field measurements of normal and shear fracture compliance

Field estimates of the normal and shear compliance of water saturated fractures were obtained from a seismic experiment carried out on a wave‐cut platform of Upper Caithness Flagstone on the North coast of Scotland. The rocks are cut by two orthogonal sets of vertical fractures. Vertical geophones were glued to the rock surface and seismic waves were generated by striking the surface with a sledge hammer. First arrival traveltimes were obtained for source‐receiver distances up to 30 m. Differences of compressional velocity with direction across the platform were interpreted as resulting from the compliance of the fractures intersected by the transmitted waves. The average normal compliance for fractures at this site is 4.0 × 10^?12± 1.0 × 10^?12 m/Pa. There is much less certainty about the precise value of shear compliance. However, the normal/shear compliance ratio is determined to be ≤0.1.     

天津滨海地区浅层剪切波速与基底构造关系研究

Shear wave velocity is one of the important dynamic characteristics of soil layers and applied widely in aseismic engineering. In this paper, 500 drill logging data are used to make a linear interpolation based on 0.01°×0.01°×1m grid. A shallow 3-D shear wave velocity structure of Tianjin coastal area is obtained. According to the data and geological background, we selected two typical velocity profiles to try to introduce and explain its relationship to basement structure. The results show that the shear wave velocity structure clearly presents the characteristic of stratification and lateral inhomogeneity. Furthermore, the difference of the shear wave structure between tectonic elements is clear and the velocity structure between the two sides of the local or border fault in the Quaternary is disturbed or affected significantly. It intuitively shows that the basement structure and fault activity of this region had good control of sedimentation development and strata formation in the Quaternary period which would have an important effect on engineering seismic and geological condition evaluation.