土耳其火山沉积硼矿床成矿条件综述

土耳其硼酸盐矿床,集中分布在该国西北的西安拉托尼亚地区。重要矿床有比加迪奇、凯斯特莱克、苏丹泽里、埃默特和基尔卡。这些矿床均发育于障壁山间盆地第三纪浅水湖相沉积中,是干旱、半干旱气候条件下非海洋环境的产物。除碳酸盐、硼酸盐等化学沉积之外,山间盆地还广泛接受碎屑沉积,如砾岩、砂岩、粘土、泥岩,以及大量火山碎屑岩、凝灰岩、层凝灰岩等。矿床不同,沉积学特征亦异,但第三纪沉积均具明显的旋回性或韵律性。所有矿床均与火山活动伴生,二者的密切程度超过世界任何硼酸盐矿床。中国辽吉硼矿带的火山沉积变质硼矿床,也许在变质前与前者在矿化上具有共性,只是后者强调了“变质”成矿。     

羊坪水库蓄放水量变化对永胜地震台形变观测的影响

永胜地震台形变观测资料存在年变现象,为分析年变影响因素,基于该台形变观测数据,与台站东北方向的羊坪水库蓄放水数据进行相关性分析,结果表明,永胜地震台形变观测资料(除分量应变外)的年变形态,主要由羊坪水库的蓄、放水引起。     

地震前兆信息系统的信息分解与浓缩

本文运用数值分类学中的因子分析方法,试图从多种前兆观测时序集中浓缩与分解出与地震孕育发生有关的成因信息。并用诸如“地震过程”这样一些概念来代表和归纳一组互相紧密相关的前兆现象和特征。这是与孕震系统在统一区域应力场作用下的整体性行为及子系统之间的协同关联运动的事实在思路上是相一致的。若干震例的研究结果表明,数值分类学是我们实现多台站、多手段,时、空动态综合预报思路的一种较好的方法。     

Monitoring alluvial sand suspension by eddy correlation

Eddy correlation techniques are standard tools in micrometeorology and oceanography to measure momentum and contaminant transport across turbulent boundary layers. They can, in theory, be used to estimate the net vertical suspended sediment flux directly over different areas of an alluvial channel boundary, and thus disclose ongoing erosion/deposition patterns. The basic principles and main problems in applying the technique to alluvial suspension are first introduced. Results from a trial application of the method in a large sand bed river are then presented; the focus of the analysis is on the substantial (and surprising) contributions of multi-minute flow fluctuations to suspension work in the study environment. The data were collected in a 10 m deep channel of the Fraser River near Mission, British Columbia, Canada. Turbulent fluctuations of flow components streamwise and normal to the bed, along with the output of an optical suspended sediment sensor, were monitored over 7 h, 1 m above the bed. Flow velocities averaged 0·9 ms^?1 and mean suspended sediment concentrations 500 mgl^?1, at sensor level above 1–5 dm high dunes. Spectral analysis of the records reveals that approximately 30 per cent of the vertical suspended sand mixing across the sensor level (and roughly as much of the momentum exchange) was linked to gradual flow oscillations with periods between 1 and 13·6 min (underlying briefer, turbulent fluctuations). Extended periods of sediment-rich, slightly upward directed but slower mean flow alternated with periods of sediment-poor, slightly downward and faster mean flow; these slow fluctuations involved 10–20 cms^?1 changes in 5 min average flow speed, 2–4· changes in vertical flow angle and 100 mgl^?1 changes in mean sand concentration. To obtain accurate eddy-correlation estimates of the vertical suspension flux in the study conditions, hour-scale flow and turbidity records that include many of these multi-minute cycles appear to be necessary. The spectra of the Fraser River near-bed signals do not conspicuously differ in overall shape (in terms of low-frequency content and location of peak) from turbulent spectra encountered in some atmospheric boundary layers. Nonetheless, the long period fluctuations observed on the Fraser River may not be turbulent; rather they may reflect slowly evolving perturbations in the near-bed streamlines, caused by bedform translation or gradual fluctuation within the large-scale streamwise cells of the secondary flow.     

STUDY OF THE RANDOMNESS INHERENT IN THE TYPHOON MOVEMENT*

A difference scheme is adopted to perform numerical integrations of a deterministic barotropic vorticity equation for four designed experiments,and the 1-D and 2-D sequences are obtained for the velocity of the typhoon center with the aid of model output,together with the correlation dimension and K entropy investigated.Results show that there exists randomness inherent in the center movement in the model atmosphere.Eventually the influence of localized heat sources and basic flow upon the stochasticity and predictability of the track of typhoon is discussed.     

ATMOSPHERIC WAVE AND ITS PHYSICAL ESSENCE AS REVEALED BY CHANGED CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS AND CORRELATION FIELD*

Formal change is made of the correlation coefficient(COCOEF) expression,leading to a new formula consisting of Fourier spectral coefficients that indicates a direct connection between the new form and atmospheric dynamic equations,thus resulting in a dynamic equation represented by COCOEF,which is meaningful in exploring a large-scale dynamic process in terms of the correlation field because the connection revealed by the field can have dynamic explanation with the aid of the new formula.     

相关分析方法在长春台1989年地磁观测报告审校修改过程中的应用

对长春台１９８９年地磁观测报告审校、修改过程中，根据地磁日变化在相当范围近似一致性的特点，采用数理统计方法，作相邻两台观测数据的相关分析，检查并修改了该报告存在的许多内在质量问题，同时对某些缺记或仪器工作不正常时段作了修改或补图。     

应用“地磁观测数据处理和方法研究程序”初探四川省内震磁效应

本文应用“地磁观测数据处理和方法研究程序”，分析了１９８９年－１９９３年发生在四川省内Ｍｓ≥４．７地震的震磁效应，结果证明该程序包实用性强，可用于该地区的日常监视预报工作。     

中国大陆强震序列次大地震及第三大地震的时间分布特征

从地震现场早期地震趋势判断工作需要出发，本文对中国大陆地区１９６６年以来的４８个Ｍｓ≥６．０级地震序列的次大地震及第三大地震与主震（或最大地震）的时间间隔进行了统计分析。结果表明，强震序列的次大及第三大地震与主震（或最大地震）的时间间隔分布，总体上呈随机分布，其与主震（或最大地震）震级无关，而与序列类型有关。