Quaternary stratigraphy of the buried valleys of the lower Red Deer River,Alberta, Canada

The Quaternary fills of the buried valleys of southern Alberta and Saskatchewan have provided a wealth of information for the reconstruction of the glacial-interglacial record of the western plains of Canada, and this paper reports on the previously unstudied stratigraphy of the buried Calgary Valley and its former tributaries in the lower Red Deer River area. We attempt to differentiate Empress Group sediments, which potentially relate to pre-glacial, interglacial/ interstadial and post-glacial lake and river deposition, using sedimentology, stratigraphy and palaeoecology. Twenty-nine stratigraphical logs indicate that Empress Group sediments have infilled a considerably large area of badlands and tributary coulees that once drained into the Calgary Valley, located 15 km to the north of Dinosaur Provincial Park. Radiocarbon dates of 52.4 ka, 27.4 ka and > 42.4 ka and glacially modified quartz grains suggest that at least some of the valley fills date to interglacial or interstadial periods and may be mid-Wisconsinan in age. However, outcrops of an older till overlying other valley fills suggest that the buried valleys were only partially excavated during interglacials/interstadials and that older (even pre-glacial) sediments could have survived. Subglacial channels, recognisable on air photographs, largely coincide with buried valley positions due to the preferential excavation of the Quaternary sediment by meltwater and are filled with post-glacial lake sediment from which a radiocarbon date of 16 ka BP was obtained. Pre-glacial and glacial/post-glacial Empress Group sediments are lithologically indistinct but cover a large time span in southern Alberta.     

Nature and significance of the Neoproterozoic Sturtian–Marinoan Boundary,Northern Adelaide Geosyncline,South Australia

The Cryogenian succession of the Northern Flinders Ranges reveals a complex sedimentary record between the Sturtian and Marinoan glacial deposits. A major unconformity separates the Sturtian and Marinoan-aged sedimentary successions in the area. This forms a subaerial erosion surface with terrestrial and marginal marine infill directly above the Angepena and Balcanoona Formations in their respective localities. This exposure surface is here correlated with the previously documented submarine unconformity between the Yankaninna Formation and the underlying deep marine Tapley Hill Formation. This erosional event provides a chronostratigraphic marker horizon that coincides approximately with thepreviously defined Sturtian–Marinoan Time Series boundary in the Northern Flinders Ranges. These stratigraphic relationships also constrain lateral facies relationships between the Oodnaminta ReefComplex (Balcanoona Formation) and the Angepena Formation. Similarly, the shallow-water Weetootla Dolomite is correlated with the deeper water carbonates of the Yankaninna Formation.     

湘、黔下寒武统黑色岩系型Ni、Mo矿床中有机质与PGE成矿作用研究

湘、黔地区张家界、遵义一带分布有黑色岩系型Ni-Mo-PGE矿床,测试分析表明黑色页岩样品铂族元素含量特征参数∑PGE、Ln(Pd/Pt)、(Ru/Ir)×(Pd/Pt)、Ln[(Ru/Ir)×(Pd/Pt)]均与有机质含量特征参数有较好的相关性.趋势分析显示,铂族元素含量特征参数Ln[(Ru/Ir)×(Pd/Pt)]与总有机碳含量特征参数Ln(Corg)有很好的线性相关,线性相关公式为y=0.4762x-1.1316,相关系数R为0.7584,说明该参数为一稳定性参数,主要受有机质总量决定,集中反映了生物制约性.而与湖南张家界样品有机碳含量Ln(Corg)与铂族元素含量∑PGE同步正消长关系不一样,即贵州遵义地区铂族元素总量∑PGE与有机碳含量的相关性表现出的不一致的规律,可以解释为后生期的热事件(印支海西期,Rb-Sr等时线年龄277±37Ma)导致有机质干酪根的高成熟化、大量生过气(C>2%)和石墨化趋势,或者说是芳构化效应改变了源岩有机质而导致了有机质的损耗.     

豫皖交界“梅山群”的古构造环境研究及其意义

摘要：“梅山群”是豫皖交界地段变质程度与佛子岭群、石炭系不同的变质岩系。它主要由斜长角闪岩、变粒岩、浅粒岩、云英片岩、角闪片岩、黑云片岩、大理岩和辉石岩等组成,在区域上可以和商城群歪庙组对比,形成时代为早古生代．对“梅山群”的岩石化学研究表明,其形成的古构造环境可能为弧后盆地。笔者认为早古生代,南北大陆板块构造的碰撞以华北板块仰冲、扬子板块俯冲为特征,大别造山带古缝合带的位置应在“梅山群”分布区域的南侧。     

北秦岭二郎坪群抱树坪组沉积时代与构造环境

二郎坪群抱树坪组作为北秦岭早古生代重要的沉积记录,其研究程度较低。本文通过对抱树坪组内火山岩夹层和花岗斑岩脉进行岩石学、地球化学和锆石U- Pb测年研究,旨在进一步确定其沉积时代与构造环境。研究结果表明：豫西夏馆地区抱树坪组火山岩夹层已变质为（黑云）阳起钠长片岩,常与黑云石英片岩呈“互层状”产出;岩石原岩为安山质凝灰岩,具有相对低的SiO2（52. 56%~62. 04%）、较高的Al2O3（10. 70%~18. 55%）、低的MgO（4. 06%~6. 21%）和FeOT/MgO（1. 23~1. 81）,富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K,相对亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,具镁安山质岩石的特点;结合地球化学特征及前人研究认为,抱树坪组可能形成于活动陆缘弧后盆地。获得黑云阳起钠长片岩原岩的结晶锆石U- Pb年龄为446. 0±1. 7 Ma,以及侵入其中花岗斑岩脉的成岩年龄为430. 0±3. 0 Ma,首次将抱树坪组的形成时代准确地限定为晚奥陶世至早志留世。综合区域研究成果认为,小寨组和抱树坪组在地层层序和地层时代上符合广义二郎坪群的划分方案,但大庙组、火神庙组及由小寨组和抱树坪组构成的整体三者在形成时代上表现为近于同时性,在空间上主体呈现近平行关系,可能主体属时代大体相当的不同沉积环境的产物;在大地构造属性方面,认为二郎坪群是在约470 Ma之前由于商丹洋向北俯冲而形成的火山岛弧,在470~436 Ma转化为弧后盆地,至约430 Ma之前最终完成消减闭合。     

内蒙古中西部宝音图群云母片岩的变质P-T轨迹与锆石年代学研究

位于内蒙古中西部地区的宝音图群,主要由云母片岩、斜长角闪岩、石英岩和大理岩等组成。其中云母片岩中发育典型的巴罗式递增变质带,目前对于该递增变质带的研究非常薄弱。本文对宝音图群的云母片岩开展了系统的岩相学、矿物化学、相平衡模拟以及锆石U-Pb年代学的研究。岩相学研究结果显示,三个云母片岩样品具有不同的峰期矿物组合,分别为石榴子石+白云母+黑云母+斜长石+石英,十字石+白云母+黑云母+斜长石+钛铁矿+石英,石榴子石+蓝晶石+白云母+黑云母+斜长石+钛铁矿+石英。此外,样品LS93和LS07存在晚期红柱石的叠加。相平衡模拟研究限定三个云母片岩的峰期温度压力分别为：577℃、0.73 GPa, 620℃、0.78 GPa和670℃、0.8 GPa,具有递增型特征,其峰期温度压力指示的地热梯度为18～20℃/km,为典型的中压相系;此外,三个样品的P-T轨迹均显示早期升温升压直至峰期阶段,随后降温降压的顺时针型,反映地壳加厚和后期抬升的演化过程。云母片岩中的锆石发育典型的变质边结构,变质边的Th/U=0.004～0.02,锆石U-Pb年代学结果显示该变质年龄为398±6 Ma,代表峰期或近峰期阶...     

扬子地块北缘武当山岩群与耀岭河岩群不整合接触关系的地质意义

鄂西北南化塘地区中元古界武当山岩群由三个岩段组成，其原岩分别以火山角砾岩、岩屑凝灰岩及晶屑凝灰岩为主。它们的空间展布与上覆上元古界耀岭河岩群高角度相交，三岩段所显示出早期褶皱也只限于武当山岩群内部，与上覆岩群的构造轮廓极不谐调，耀岭河岩群没有经历过这一期变形。因此，武当山岩群与耀岭河岩群之间最初存在着明显的角度不整合接触。该区域不整合面的厘定和早晋宁运动的确认将改变以往关于扬子地块北缘构造层的划分及构造演化历史的认识，对研究秦岭造山带的造山过程具有重要意义。     

Comparison of parallel group velocity of ECH waves with electron resonant velocity: Implication for electron diffusion by ECH waves

We have investigated the role of group velocity in the calculation of pitch-angle diffusion coefficients by electron cyclotron harmonic (ECH) waves in planetary magnetospheres. The assumption which is generally made that the parallel group velocity can be neglected in comparison with particle parallel velocity is examined in detail. It is found that for lowest harmonic band this assumption is quite good. It is found that in general it is not possible to ignore the parallel group velocity. However, for lowest harmonic band this assumption is quite good at low electron temperatures.     

西藏仲巴地区曲嘎组的拆解

根据1∶5万仲巴地区区域地质调查,对雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段夹持于2套混杂岩之间的仲巴微地体原二叠系曲嘎组进行了拆解。研究认为：①原曲嘎组可以解体为3套地层,分别是下古生界的奥陶系—志留系紫曲浦群、上古生界泥盆系纳登尔组和石炭系—二叠系曲嘎群,新建曲嘎群与原曲嘎组没有直接对应或者级别关系;②紫曲浦群以变质碳酸盐岩为主,下部紫曲电站组为紫红色、灰色大理岩与结晶灰岩组合,属中—晚奥陶世,上部紫曲石组以紫红色大理岩为特征,暂归志留纪;③纳登尔组由一套灰色千枚状板岩和钙质片岩组成,上部结晶灰岩增多,时代为泥盆纪,可归属马攸木群;④曲嘎群可划分为3个组：岗珠淌组,以灰色、灰绿色板岩、粉砂岩为主,向上砂岩和灰岩增多,属于石炭纪—早二叠世（乌拉尔世）早期;仲巴组,以肉红色灰质晶粒白云岩及杂色生物屑云质灰岩为特点,分为2个岩性段,属于早—中二叠世（乌拉尔世—瓜德鲁普世早中期）;卡扎勒组以深灰色钙质板岩为主或夹结晶灰岩和砂岩或互层,属于中—晚二叠世（瓜德鲁普世—乐平世）;⑤仲巴地区曲嘎组的拆解在仲巴微地体西部和老仲巴以东的应用有待证实,其在岩性上与相邻地体同期地层有较大差别,但在生物群组成方面具有相似性。     

THE METAMORPHIC FEATURE,AGE AND MECHANISM OF AMUGANG GROUP IN NORTHERN TIBET

THE METAMORPHIC FEATURE,AGE AND MECHANISM OF AMUGANG GROUP IN NORTHERN TIBET