太子河流域早寒武世馒头期沉积环境及硬石膏矿床成因

太子河流域下寒武统馒头组可划分4个相带,即潮上膏云岩相,潮上白云岩相,潮间灰岩白云岩相,潮下云斑灰岩相,属障壁海碳酸盐潮坪沉积。石膏形成于潮上带萨布哈,是干旱、燥热环境下的产物。成矿有利的古地理环境是古岛的前缘。     

False metamorphic events inferred from misinterpretation of microstructural evidence and P–T data

Geometrical relationships involving inclusions and partial inclusions in metamorphic microstructures can be inadequate for inferring an order of crystallization and hence a metamorphic reaction. Unique spatial and/or chemical relationships need to be defined for mineral inclusions, in the context of a reference paragenesis, commonly the matrix assemblage. Corona microstructures are reliable indicators of metamorphic reactions, but require considerable care when used to infer reactions or changes in P–T conditions, owing to kinetic problems, as well as to changes in the effective reaction volume during changes across relatively broad P–T stability fields of assemblages. Mineral equilibria models, most commonly implemented through P–T pseudosections, may allow the order in which different minerals become stable along a given P–T path to be inferred. However, the order in which two minerals become stable may be different from the order in which two grains of these minerals nucleate. Furthermore, such diagrams cannot make predictions about which minerals will form porphyroblasts and which minerals will form inclusions in porphyroblasts. An evaluation of three examples from the Australian Proterozoic shows that modelling, in combination with inclusion‐host relationships, is a powerful tool for understanding the metamorphic evolution of a rock, but involves considerable uncertainty.     

凭祥-东门大断裂中段特征及控岩控相初析--以宁明-板利地区为例

文章收集了凭祥-东门大断裂在宁明-板利地区的详细资料,研究该断裂在该地区的表现特征,分析其活动性质及期次,阐明了该大断裂具有多期次活动的特点,并且在不同期次和不同地段具有不同的活动特点和表现形式,在此基础上结合区域地层、岩石特征,阐明其对区域的控岩、控相作用,为三级构造单元界线的划分提供了基础资料.     

Geochemical constraints of the eclogite and granulite facies metamorphism as recognized in the Raobazhai complex from North Dabie Shan,China

A combined study of major and trace elements, fluid inclusions and oxygen isotopes has been carried out on garnet pyroxenite from the Raobazhai complex in the North Dabie Terrane (NDT). Well‐preserved compositional zoning with Na decreasing and Ca and Mg increasing from the core to rim of pyroxene in the garnet pyroxenite indicates eclogite facies metamorphism at the peak metamorphic stage and subsequent granulite facies metamorphism during uplift. A P–T path with substantial heating (from c. 750 to 900 °C) after the maximum pressure reveals a different uplift history compared with most other eclogites in the South Dabie Terrane (SDT). Fluid inclusion data can be correlated with the metamorphic grade: the fluid regime during the peak metamorphism (eclogite facies) was dominated by N₂‐bearing NaCl‐rich solutions, whereas it changed into CO₂‐dominated fluids during the granulite facies retrograde metamorphism. At a late retrograde metamorphic stage, probably after amphibolite facies metamorphism, some external low‐salinity fluids were involved. In situ UV‐laser oxygen isotope analysis was undertaken on a 7 mm garnet, and impure pyroxene, amphibole and plagioclase. The nearly homogeneous oxygen isotopic composition (δ¹⁸O_VSMOW = c. 6.7‰) in the garnet porphyroblast indicates closed fluid system conditions during garnet growth. However, isotopic fractionations between retrograde phases (amphibole and plagioclase) and garnet show an oxygen isotopic disequilibrium, indicating retrograde fluid–rock interactions. Unusual MORB‐like rare earth element (REE) patterns for whole rock of the garnet pyroxenite contrast with most ultra‐high‐pressure (UHP) eclogites in the Dabie‐Sulu area. However, the age‐corrected initial ε_Nd(t) is ? 2.9, which indicates that the protolith of the garnet pyroxenite was derived from an enriched mantle rather than from a MORB source. Combined with the present data of oxygen isotopic compositions and the characteristic N₂ content in the fluid inclusions, we suggest that the protolith of the garnet pyroxenite from Raobazhai formed in an enriched mantle fragment, which has been exposed to the surface prior to the Triassic metamorphism.     

广东三水盆地古近纪岩相古地理特征及演化

根据大量的区域地质、钻井岩心、野外露头等资料,以及年代地层和生物地层的研究成果,将三水盆地古近纪地层划分出一个盆地充填层序、两个构造层序和6个层序;在构造层序地层研究基础上,以层序为编图单元,采用压缩法和瞬时作图法,编制了三水盆地古近纪层序岩相古地理图,系统地阐述了层序岩相古地理特征;通过古近纪不同时期的层序岩相古地理演化,将沉积充填分为湖泊细碎屑加积和顶部粗碎屑填积两个演化阶段。     

低渗透储层成岩作用定量表征与成岩储集相——以吉林新立油田泉头组三、四段为例

作者采用铸体薄片、阴极发光、扫描电镜等手段,统计了新立油田泉头组三、四段储层的视压实率和视胶结率,对成岩作用强度进行了定量表征。引入了成岩系数和成岩储集相的概念,并按照成岩系数大小,将储层划分为4种成岩储集相,即强溶蚀次生孔隙成岩储集相(A相),中等压实-弱、中胶结混合孔隙成岩储集相(B相),强压实-弱、中胶结混合孔隙成岩储集相(C相)和碳酸盐强胶结成岩储集相(D相)。其中以A相最有利于油气聚集,B相次之,C相较差,D相最差。分析了各类成岩储集相特征和演化,认为晚成岩A亚期的酸性水溶蚀作用形成次生孔隙是改善储层物性的关键因素。     

马家山—小涧子油田砂岩成岩作用及其对储层的影响

为了揭示鄂尔多斯盆地马家山—小涧子油田砂岩成岩作用对储层的控制作用,综合采用了薄片鉴定、铸体薄片、压汞、扫描电镜、X-射线衍射和包裹体分析等多种方法。研究认为:该区延长组长61、长4 5段砂岩成岩作用进入了中成岩阶段的A期;成岩相的平面分布具有明显的规律性,由水下分流河道砂体及河口砂坝中心向边缘,直至水下分流间湾,依次发育溶蚀孔隙相、绿泥石胶结相、碳酸盐胶结相及压实杂基相4种成岩相类型;储层物性依次变差;有利的储集相带为水下分流河道砂体和河口砂坝中心的溶蚀孔隙相和绿泥石胶结相。     

渤海湾盆地石炭二叠系烃源岩的沉积控制

运用地球化学等分析测试手段，研究了渤海湾盆地石炭二叠系烃源岩的展布及其沉积控制、有机质特征、有机相及生烃潜力，认为：苏桥一文安地区、黄骅坳陷的南皮凹陷和沧东凹陷等地区为沉积中心；泻湖、潮坪和泛滥平原较好的控制了烃源岩的发育；对研究区山西组和太原组划分出了5种沉积有机相，其中以深沼芦苇沉积有机相和流水沉积有机相形成的烃源岩最好，主要以生油和生气为主。     

黑龙江东部汤原断陷古近系沉积相类型及其演化规律

利用汤原断陷29口井岩心、录井、测井和1028km二维地震资料,对汤原断陷古近系沉积相类形及其演化规律进行了研究,识别出3种沉积相、7种沉积亚相和17种沉积微相。明确了汤原断陷邻近陡坡带一侧湖底扇和湖泊相发育,缓坡带一侧扇三角洲发育,邻近断陷的中央次级隆起带湖底扇和扇三角洲发育。汤原断陷古近系湖盆经历了由小到大再到小的过程。