福建德化县九户林陶瓷土(瓷石)成矿地质条件及找矿方向

九户林陶瓷土(瓷石)矿床为碱长花岗岩脉型矿床,矿体赋存在晚白垩世碱长花岗岩体中,严格受张性断裂构造控制,矿体两侧具钾长石化带-纳长石化带-云英岩化带等蚀变分带,矿体与岩体、断裂构造组成了三位一体的成矿条件,属岩浆期后结晶分异作用形成的热液型矿床,成矿条件独特,晚白垩世碱长花岗岩(κργK2)岩体中,是该区瓷土(瓷石)找...     

云南香格里拉市热林铅锌银矿特征及找矿标志

云南香格里拉市热林铅锌银矿,矿体呈似层状赋存于三叠系上统曲嘎寺组三段(T3q3)之大理岩与板岩的层间构造破碎带中,矿体明显受断层构造及特定的岩性控制.该矿床属断层破碎带控制的热液型铅锌银矿床,断层破碎带和地球化学异常是直接的找矿标志,沿断层带出现的硅化、碳酸盐化、黄铁矿化和角岩化是间接的找矿标志.     

蜀南地区下三叠统飞仙关组沉积相

蜀南地区飞仙关组的沉积相类型主要有浑水陆棚相与清水陆棚相,东部两者交替发育,中西部则主要为浑水陆棚相。浑水陆棚相以半局限海亚相为主,包括三个微相;清水陆棚相可分为颗粒滩、滩间、潮坪和内缘斜坡等四个亚相,包括若干微相。飞一段全区为清水陆棚相;飞二段全区均为浑水陆棚亚相的泥质半局限海微相;飞三段,西部为浑水陆棚相,东部为清水陆棚相,其间发育灰泥质半局限海微相;飞四段基本为泥质半局限海微相。飞一时,区内中部有一近南北向的台内凹槽,沿凹槽边缘鲕粒滩较发育。研究区以西的康滇古陆和龙门山岛链与华蓥山断裂带控制着区内沉积相展布,当康滇古陆和龙门山岛链构造活跃时全区发育浑水陆棚,华蓥山断裂带活动时东部发育清水陆棚;当康滇古陆、龙门山岛链与华蓥山断裂带构造的活动性都较低时,全区以清水陆棚为主。     

柴达木盆地第三系咸水湖相生油岩古沉积环境地球化学特征

在系统分析柴达木盆地西部第三系咸水湖相生油岩样品的微量元素、有机物、粘土矿物组成的基础上,揭示了研究区生油岩的无机元素和有机质组成特征;并结合沉积环境的无机与有机地球化学指标,重建了生油岩沉积时的古沉积环境。生油岩的B、Cl-及伽玛蜡烷含量表明,沉积时的水介质条件是半咸水—咸水环境,并伴随湖盆沉积中心北迁过程各层位地层的盐度发生规律性时空]化;生油岩的Fe2 /Fe3 、S2-、Pr/Ph比值、藿烷碳数分布模式及黄铁矿含量反映其沉积时的沉积环境为强还原性;粘土矿物组合特征及含量揭示这些生油岩的沉积相带介于中心咸湖相和边缘咸湖相之间。     

Absorption of Arsenite on Several Iron （Hydro-）Oxides and Impact from Pre-processing Methods

The absorption reactions of arsenite on Fe （hydro-）oxides are studied. The three absorbent types are Fe（OH）3 gel and two Fe （hydro-）oxides, in which the Fe（OH）3 gel was dried in a microwave oven under vacuum at 80℃. It is found that pH changes from 9.71 to 10.36 in 6 minutes after the Fe （OH）3 gel was mixed with NaAsO2 solution, as the arsenite replaces the OH- in goethite and Fe（OH）3. At the 40th minute after the start of the reaction, pH decreases, which is most probably because that the monodentate surface complex of absorbed arsenite has changed into mononuclear-bidentate complex and released proton. The decline in pH values indicates not the end of the absorption but a change in the reaction type. Temperature and dissolved gas has little effect on these two types of reactions. The total absorption of arsenite increases after the absorbent is irradiated with ultrasound, which also lead to difficulty in separating the solids from solution. The absorption capacity for arsenite of Fe（OH）3 gel dried in a microwave oven under vacuum is 53.18% and 17.22% respectively better than that of Fe （OH）3 gel and gel dried at 80℃. The possible reasons are that the water molecules in the gel vibrates with high frequency under the effect of microwave irradiation, thereby producing higher porosity and improved surface activity.     

海坛岛海岸风沙特征及其发育

论述了海坛岛海岸风沙堆积物的沉积特征，对风沙地貌的基本类型进行了划分，分析其发育的基本条件和触发因素，研究其发育历史。     

Improvement of photorefractive properties in Hf:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals with various [Li]/[Nb] ratios

Photorefractive properties of Hf:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals with various [Li]/[Nb] ratios have been investigated at 488 nm wavelength based on the two-wave coupling experiment. High diffraction efficiency and large recording sensitivity are observed and explained. The decrease in Li vacancies is suggested to be the main contributor to the increase in the photoconductivity and subsequently to the induction of the improvement of recording sensitivity. The saturation diffraction efficiency is measured up to 80.2%, and simultaneously the recording sensitivity of 0.91 cm/J is achieved to in the Hf:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystal grown from the melt with the [Li]/[Nb] ratio of 1.20, which is significantly enhanced as compared with those of the Hf:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystal with the [Li]/[Nb] ratio of 0.94 in melt under the same experimental conditions. Experimental results definitely show that increasing the [Li]/[Nb] ratio in crystal is an effective method for Hf:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystal to improve its photorefractive properties.     

双台子河口重金属污染的沉积记录

根据双台子河口沉积柱中微量金属的含量及沉积物的粒度参数,结合137Cs放射性比活度精确定年,研究了双台子河口的沉积速率和重金属的污染变化特征,并利用地累积指数法评价了重金属的污染程度。137Cs计年的结果表明,沉积柱的平均沉积速率为1.3cm/a。沉积物的粒径从底层向表层逐渐变细,反映了水动力条件的减弱。绝大多数重金属的含量基本上都是自底部向上逐渐增加。重金属元素与细粒沉积物(63μm)均具有较好的正相关性,说明细粒物质对重金属具有较高的吸附能力。采用地累积指数对沉积柱中重金属元素的垂向变化进行了评价,发现除Cd元素外,大部分元素均未受到污染(Igeo0)。推测Cd的污染可能主要与20世纪90年代起至今人类活动对双台子河口产生的影响逐渐增加有关。     

High-resolution record of tectonic and sedimentary processes in growth strata

Growth strata are used to determine the kinematics of synsedimentary structures such as faults. Classical methods of analysis such as thickness versus throw plot consider that the available space created by fault slip in the hanging wall of faults is instantaneously filled up by sediments. This has lead many previous works to identify a cyclic activity for growth faults. Here we perform a careful analysis of the variation of strata thicknesses on each side of a very well documented normal growth fault in the Niger delta. We show that these thickness variations are induced by the alternation of sedimentary processes during continuous fault slip. Suspended-load processes induce either uniform or slightly variable thickness of a large majority of mudstone layers. Bedload processes result in a preferential thickening of sand layers in the hanging wall. These high quality data thus provide strong grounds for doubting the polycyclic growth diagnosed for some faults at the scale of sedimentary cycles and supports the notion that fault displacement rates can be very well behaved. Our study emphasizes the important conclusion that stable fault growth, and related displacement rates, can appear to be punctuated when viewed at the scale of sedimentary cycles. It follows that care should be taken when attempting to derive displacement rates on temporal scales equivalent to those of alternating sedimentological cycles.     

Describing and generating facies models for reservoir characterisation: 2D map view

This paper documents a new method for describing channel-related sedimentary deposits based on formal language theory. Using this method an analogue model of a sedimentary deposit can be encoded as a grammar. A program, called a parser, has been developed which can generate stochastic maps of these sedimentary deposits based on information in a specified grammar. The maps of sedimentary deposits generated by the parser have the same type, spatial arrangement, shape and size distribution as the analogue model. The successful generation of depositional maps represents a crucial step in the ongoing development of a new technique designed to generate 3D static geological models of sedimentary successions. The maps can be conditioned to match sparse hard data in the form of channel segments interpreted from seismic horizon maps.