The Petrology, Geochemistry, and Petrogenesis of E-MORB-type Mafic Rocks from the Guomangco Ophiolitic Mélange, Tibet

The Guomangco ophiolitic melange is situated in the middle part of the Shiquanhe- Yongzhu-Jiali ophiolitic melange belt （SYJMB） and possesses all the subunits of a typical Penrose- type ophiolite pseudostratigraphy. The study of the Guomangco ophiolitic melange is very important for investigating the tectonic evolution of the SYJMB. The mafic rocks of this ophiolitic melange mainly include diabases, sillite dikes, and basalts. Geochemical analysis shows that these dikes mostly have E-MORB major and trace element signatures; this is the first time that this has been observed in the SYJMB. The basalts have N-MORB and IAB affinities, and the mineral chemistry of harzburgites shows a composition similar to that of SSZ peridotites, indicating that the Guomangco ophiolitic melange probably originated in a back-arc basin. The Guomangco back-arc basin opened in the Middle Jurassic, which was caused by southward subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean in central Tibet. The main spreading of this back-arc basin occurred during the Late Jurassic, and the basalts were formed during this time. With the development of the back-arc basin, the subducted slab gradually retreated, and new mantle convection occurred in the mantle wedge. The recycling may have caused the metasomatized mantle to undergo a high degree of partial melting and to generate E- MORBs in the Early Cretaceous. E-MORB-type dikes probably crystallized from melts produced by about 20%-30% partial melting of a spinel mantle source, which was metasomatized by melts from low-degree partial melting of the subducted slab.     

长江口12.5 m深水航道回淤特征

针对长江口12.5 m深水航道的回淤问题,收集整理了2010—2012年的航道回淤资料和水文测验资料,研究了航道回淤的时空变化特征及其与径流、潮流和含沙量的关系。结果表明:航道回淤呈洪季大、枯季小的年内变化特征,大风骤淤明显;航道回淤沿程主要集中在南港—圆圆沙段和北槽中下段,其回淤量占全航道的80%以上。南港—圆圆沙段回淤的泥沙颗粒以细砂为主,回淤强度与径流的关系不密切,与潮流的关系表现为大潮大、小潮小。北槽航道回淤泥沙颗粒以粉砂为主,回淤部位随径、潮流变化而变化,表现为径流增大,回淤部位下移;潮动力减弱,回淤部位上提。长江口拦门沙水域泥沙的再悬浮,可能是航道淤积最主要的泥沙来源。     

甘肃大型变形构造及蛇绿构造混杂岩带特征

大型变形构造带是地球表层重要的构造现象,它们记载了地壳的构造变形（走滑错移、逆冲叠覆和伸展滑移）过程及其动力学机制。本文根据大型变形构造定义及其分类原则,将甘肃省大型变形构造划分为3大类10种类型,初步厘定出大型变形构造带23个,简要叙述了主要大型变形构造规模、产状、构造层次、物质组成、变形期次等基本特征,探讨了大型变形构造与蛇绿构造混杂岩带的关系,从全省北山造山带、祁连造山带、西秦岭造山带和鄂尔多斯盆地“三带一盆”的构造格局出发,探讨大型变形构造形成、演化历史。     

基于DBBC+Mark 5B记录系统的脉冲星观测

2009年11月,云南天文台射电天文研究团组采用40 m射电望远镜以及基于DBBC(Digital Base Band Conveter)和Mark 5B的VLBI记录系统对PSR J0835-4510和PSRJ0332+5434进行了观测。观测选用S波段右旋圆极化信号,起始频率为2 206.99 MHz,总带宽为32 MHz。对数据进行相干消色散和平均后,得到PSR J0332+5434的单脉冲图像和两颗脉冲星的平均脉冲轮廓。由平均轮廓的展宽随时间的变化关系,对脉冲星的视周期作了一定修正后,得到信噪比更高的平均轮廓图。最后对轮廓的信噪比随时间的变化作了初步分析,由此可了解整个系统在观测时的稳定性。     

Comparative study of platinum-group elements in the Coto and Acoje blocks of the Zambales Ophiolite Complex, Philippines

Abstract The Zambales Ophiolite Complex (ZOC), Philippines, includes two geochemically distinct, ophiolitic assemblages: the high-Al chromitite-bearing Coto Block and high-Cr chromitite-bearing Acoje Block. This paper reports a comparative platinum-group element (PGE) study of these two blocks. The PGE data were obtained using Ni-sulfide fire assay preconcentration combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurement. Podiform chromitites in the Acoje Block have higher Cu, Ir, Ru and Rh contents than their equivalents in the Coto Block, although chromitites from both have similar Pt and Pd contents. The PGE mantle-normalized patterns of dunites from the two blocks are also different: dunites from the Coto Block are depleted in Pt, whereas those from the Acoje Block have a relatively flat pattern. The data demonstrate that Coto and Acoje Blocks have different origins in terms of their source region and partial melting processes. This study implies that the ZOC is a paired ophiolite belt formed in an island arc and back-arc basin environment.     

沁水盆地南部煤层气藏水文地质特征

水文地质条件对煤层气的高产富集起到重要的作用。沁水盆地南部有多个水文地质子单元,存在地下分水岭,造成煤层气井气水产能动态复杂化。研究区东部边界晋获断裂褶皱带的北段有明显的横向阻水作用,南段地下水径流条件极差,不导水。南部边界的中段具阻水性质,对晋城一带煤层气的保存与富集起到了重要作用。西部边界以安泽为界,北段阻水,南段由导水断层组成。本区内部存在着4条重要的水文地质边界。其中寺头断裂是一条封闭性的断裂,导水、导气能力极差。在沁水盆地的大宁-潘庄-樊庄地区,地下水以静水压力形式将煤层中的煤层气封闭起来。在寺头断裂西侧的郑庄及其附近地区,地下水径流强度可能较弱,较有利于煤层气保存。大宁-潘庄-樊庄一带为等势面"洼地"滞流型,煤层气富集条件好。      

喜马拉雅造山带西部拉昂错蛇绿岩带区域地壳深部结构及其可能构造归属研究

前人研究表明喜马拉雅造山带西部出露的拉昂错蛇绿混杂岩为新特提斯洋壳岩石圈的一部分,代表了新特提斯洋的关闭及其随后大洋岩石圈物质的仰冲.鉴于拉昂错蛇绿岩的构造演化历史尚不明确,前期对于拉昂错蛇绿岩带构造归属的研究主要基于岩石学研究和地表地质调查等,缺少精细的深部地壳结构进行运动学指示,因此证明拉昂错蛇绿混杂岩体的构造归属并非易事.本次研究中,我们对前期获得的一条南北向延伸穿过雅鲁藏布江缝合带和喜马拉雅造山带西部拉昂错蛇绿岩体的112 km长的深反射地震剖面进行了构造解释.高分辨率的深反射地震剖面清晰地显示了喜马拉雅山脉西部造山带内发育良好的地壳双冲构造几何结构,该地壳尺度双冲构造将印度俯冲地壳物质从底部运移到上部.同时,地震剖面还显示拉昂错蛇绿岩体和雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩体在上地壳深处呈倾向相反但底部相通的结构构造.结合前人的岩石学/地球化学/地表地质研究成果,我们认为拉昂错蛇绿岩体为雅鲁藏布江缝合带蛇绿岩体的一部分.印度俯冲前缘的双冲构造折返将深部物质带到地表过程的同时,还将部分雅鲁藏布江蛇绿混杂岩携带至南侧距主缝合带位置大约20 km的拉昂错蛇绿岩区域.     

冬季EC 2m温度预报在贵州毕节地区的检验分析

利用毕节市8个国家站02时、14时气温实况数据,分别计算2016-2018年冬季(12月、1月、2月)EC细网格2 m温度预报的准确率、平均绝对误差、绝对误差,检验在升温、平稳、降温3类天气过程中温度预报效果,为模式温度预报订正提供参考依据。结果表明:02时的预报平均准确率比14时高约10%;除赫章站以外,其余站点准确率在60%~80%之间,有一定预报参考意义;3类天气过程中,平稳、降温天气中温度预报效果明显优于升温天气;升温天气过程中02、14时温度预报大多偏低0~4℃,降温天气过程中02时温度预报总体偏低0~4℃,14时偏高0~4℃。     

试论华北型煤田立体充水地质结构理论

根据对华北型煤田剖面、平面和水力内边界的水文地质特征的系统综合分析,本文首次提出了煤矿吉立体充水地质结构的新理论。同时,依据风边界在空间展布的几何形态特征,将其划分为四种基本类型,即点状岩溶陷落柱型内边界,线状断裂（带）、裂隙型内边界,窄条状隐伏露头型内边界和面状裂隙网络（局部面状隔水层变薄区）型内边界。根据四种基本类型的不同形式,介绍了煤矿井不同的复合内边界类型和它们的矿井水文地质特征。文章最后     

岩溶裂隙介质的壳状渗透结构与矿山排水

壳状渗透结构是裂隙岩体的渗透特征,主要表现是岩体的渗透率按负指数函数随深度衰减。在矿山开采深度范围内,渗透率可以减小几个数量级。本文根据壳状渗透结构下的矿坑涌水规律和地下水压力分布特征,探讨矿区城市地下水环境保护问题