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121.
DEM matching is a technique to match two surfaces or two DEMs, at different reference frames. It was originally proposed to replace the need of ground control points for absolute orientation of perspective images. This paper examines DEM matching for precise mapping of pushbroom images without ground control points. We proved that DEM matching based on 3D similarity transformation can be used when model errors are only on the platform’s position and attitude biases. We also proposed how to estimate bias errors and how to update rigorous pushbroom sensor models from DEM matching results. We used a SPOT-5 stereo pair at ground sampling distance of 2.5 m and a reference DEM dataset at grid spacing of 30 m and showed that rigorous pushbroom models with accuracy better than twice of the ground sampling distance both in image and object space have been achieved through DEM matching. We showed further that DEM matching based on 3D similarity transformation may not work for pushbroom images with drift or drift rate errors. We discussed the effects of DEM outliers on DEM matching and automated removal of outliers. The major contribution of this paper is that we validate DEM matching, theoretically and experimentally, for estimating position and attitude biases and for establishing rigorous sensor models for pushbroom images. 相似文献
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Droughts induce livestock losses that severely affect Kenyan pastoralists. Recent index insurance schemes have the potential of being a viable tool for insuring pastoralists against drought-related risk. Such schemes require as input a forage scarcity (or drought) index that can be reliably updated in near real-time, and that strongly relates to livestock mortality. Generally, a long record (>25 years) of the index is needed to correctly estimate mortality risk and calculate the related insurance premium. Data from current operational satellites used for large-scale vegetation monitoring span over a maximum of 15 years, a time period that is considered insufficient for accurate premium computation. This study examines how operational NDVI datasets compare to, and could be combined with the non-operational recently constructed 30-year GIMMS AVHRR record (1981–2011) to provide a near-real time drought index with a long term archive for the arid lands of Kenya. We compared six freely available, near-real time NDVI products: five from MODIS and one from SPOT-VEGETATION. Prior to comparison, all datasets were averaged in time for the two vegetative seasons in Kenya, and aggregated spatially at the administrative division level at which the insurance is offered. The feasibility of extending the resulting aggregated drought indices back in time was assessed using jackknifed R2 statistics (leave-one-year-out) for the overlapping period 2002–2011. We found that division-specific models were more effective than a global model for linking the division-level temporal variability of the index between NDVI products. Based on our results, good scope exists for historically extending the aggregated drought index, thus providing a longer operational record for insurance purposes. We showed that this extension may have large effects on the calculated insurance premium. Finally, we discuss several possible improvements to the drought index. 相似文献
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SPOT数据反演地物辐射亮度和反射率的基础研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
以往用户对于SPOT卫星数据的应用主要针对其高空间分辨率的特性,但是因SPOT卫星传感器的波段数和波长范围有限,故利用SPOT数据进行定量遥感分析(如地物辐射亮度及反射率)的应用研究较少。然而,利用SPOT数据进行地物辐射亮度和反射率的测量也有其高空间分辨率的优势,可以更精细地分辨各类地物的细节,降低混合像元对于定标分析的影响,提高定量遥感分析的准确度。本文将就SPOT数据的辐射校正原理及其在反演地物辐射亮度和反射率方面的应用开展基础性研究,对于SPOT卫星数据的定标参数读取提供了相应的方法,选取了几种比较典型的地物进行数据分析,并利用Landsat-7数据作为参考,评价SPOT数据测量地物辐射参数的可靠性和应用效果。 相似文献
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遥感影像的融合--SPOT全色波段和多光谱影像的融合 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
按照影像融合的一般理论,结合Erdas软件功能实现了SPOT全色波段和多光谱影像的融合。 相似文献
129.
基于TM和SPOT5影像融合的土地利用分类及精度比较——以朝阳区为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文基于TM和SPOT5的影像在ERDASIMAGINE环境中进行融合,在融合前后分别对TM图像与融合后图像进行土地利用分类,对比分类精度并进行定性和定量的解释和分析。本文给出了实验的详细步骤以及完整的评价报告。研究结果表明,融合后图像分类精度有明显提高。对融合后影像进行土地利用分类,在测绘与地图更新、土地利用与城市规划、生态环境监测和政府规划决策等中,具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
130.
LI Zhengguo TANG Huajun YANG Peng WU Wenbin CHEN Zhongxin ZHOU Qingbo ZHANG Li ZOU Jinqiu 《地理学报》2012,22(1):29-45
We investigated the responses of cropland phenophases to changes of agricultural thermal conditions in Northeast China using the SPOT-VGT Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) ten-day-composed time-series data, observed crop phenophases and the climate data collected from 1990 to 2010. First, the phenological parameters, such as the dates of onset-of-growth, peak-of-growth and end-of-growth as well as the length of the growing season, were extracted from the smoothed NVDI time-series dataset and showed an obvious correlation with the observed crop phenophases, including the stages of seedling, heading, maturity and the length of the growth period. Secondly, the spatio-temporal trends of the major thermal conditions (the first date of ≥10℃, the first frost date, the length of the temperature-allowing growth period and the accumulated temperature (AT) of ≥10℃) in Northeast China were illustrated and analyzed over the past 20 years. Thirdly, we focused on the responses of cropland phenophases to the thermal conditions changes. The results showed that the onset-of-growth date had an obvious positive correlation with the first date of ≥10℃ (P < 0.01), especially in the northern part of the Songnen Plain, the eastern part of the Sanjiang Plain and the middle and eastern parts of Jilin Province. For the extracted length of growing season and the observed growth period, notable correlations were found in almost same regions (P < 0.05). However, there was no obvious correlation between the end-of-growth date and the first frost date in the study area. Opposite correlations were observed between the length of the growing season and the AT of ≥10℃. In the northern part of the Songnen Plain, the eastern part of the Sanjiang Plain and the middle part of Jilin and Liaoning Provinces, the positive correlation coefficients were higher than the critical value of 0.05, whereas the negative correlation coefficients reached a level of 0.55 (P < 0.05) in the middle and southern parts of Heilongjiang Province and some parts of the Sanjiang Plain. This finding indicated that the crop growth periods were shortened because of the elevated temperature; in contrast, the extended growth period usually meant a crop transformation from early- or middle-maturing varieties into middle or late ones. 相似文献