Geological and Geochemical Constraints on the Newly Discovered Yangchongli Gold Deposit in Tongling Region, Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt

The newly discovered Yangchongli gold deposit is a unique independent gold deposit in the Tongling ore-cluster region controlled by the tectonic alteration firstly discovered in the Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt(LYMB). The host magmatic rocks mainly consist of monzodiorite and K-feldspar granite. The LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircons dating yielded weighted mean ~(206)Pb/~(238)U ages of 140.7 ± 1.8 Ma and 126.4 ± 1.2 Ma for the monzodiorite and K-feldspar granite, respectively. Monzodiorites are enriched in Sr, Ba, Rb, and depleted in Y, Yb with high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios, similar to the geochemical features of adakite, considered as products of differentiation of mafic magmas originating from lithospheric mantle melt/fluids caused by metasomatism during paleo-Pacific Plate subduction in the Mesozic. In contrast, the compositions of K-feldspar granites are A-type granites, indicating an extensional tectonic background. Gold ores hosted in the fracture zone occurred as quartz vein within cataclastic rock. Sulfur and lead isotopes from pyrites show crust-mantle mixing characteristics. Metal components from strata also took part in the gold mineralization, and resulted from two episodes of magmatism that were probably related to tectonic transition from a compressive to an extensional setting between 140–126 Ma, which led to the Mesozoic large-scale polymetallic mineralization events in eastern China.     

都庞岭环斑花岗岩的形成时代、成因及其地质意义

以往将位于湘南、桂东北的都庞岭花岗岩基分为西体、中体和东体三部分。野外观察和岩相学研究表明,都庞岭中体和东体主要由黑云母正长花岗岩、黑云母二长花岗岩和二云母二长花岗岩组成,岩石具斑状结构,部分钾长石斑晶呈椭球状至球状,具斜长石环边,构成环斑结构。采用锆石SHRIMP U-Pb法获得都庞岭中体和东体中环斑花岗岩的侵位年龄分别为226.6±6.9 Ma和209.7±3.1 Ma,均属于晚三叠世,相当于印支晚期。都庞岭环斑花岗岩富硅、碱,贫钛、磷、镁和钙,其Rb、Cs、Th、U、REE、Pb、Y含量和Rb/Sr、Rb/Ba比值较高,而Sr、Ba含量和Zr/Hf比值(8.16~25.01)较低,具强烈的Eu负异常(δEu=0.02~0.13),10000×Ga/Al比值(2.64~4.38,平均3.15)高,显示A型花岗岩的地球化学特征。与华南印支早期S型花岗岩相比,都庞岭环斑花岗岩的εNd(t)值(-8.0~-8.3)明显偏高(前者低于-10),而tDM2值(1624~1645 Ma)则明显偏低(前者1800 Ma),表明它们可能直接源于地壳物质的部分熔融,但成岩过程中有地幔物质的参与。都庞岭环斑花岗岩的发现及其时代的确定,揭示了晚三叠世华南东部处于大陆裂解或造山后伸展的构造环境。结合华南东部沉积/岩石大地构造分析,认为华南早中生代构造体制的转换发生在中、晚三叠世,而非前人所认为的发生在中、晚侏罗世;同时,环斑花岗岩的出现,指示了华南中生代大规模成矿作用的来临,晚三叠世是华南中生代大规模成矿的第一个高峰期。     

东昆仑东段香加南山花岗岩基中加鲁河中基性岩体形成时代、成因及其地质意义

东昆仑东段香加南山花岗岩基中加鲁河中基性岩体主要岩石类型包括角闪辉长岩和石英闪长岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果显示加鲁河中基性岩体的结晶年龄为220 Ma。岩体SiO_2含量较低,为47.91%~58.92%,Al_2O_3含量为15.54%~18.35%,Na2O为1.70%~3.34%,K_2O为0.58%~1.92%,Na_2O/K_2O比值为1.34~2.93,平均1.92,MgO含量为3.69%~8.24%,Mg~#为46~61,铝饱和指数A/CNK介于0.70~0.90之间,主体属于准铝质中钾钙碱性系列。岩体富集轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素,具明显的Eu负异常(δEu=0.40~0.59);微量元素富集Rb、Th、Ba等大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE)。岩石学和地球化学研究显示岩体在地壳深部和浅部经历了两次岩浆混合作用。在深部,幔源岩浆底侵作用使下地壳部分熔融形成长英质岩浆,两种岩浆不同比例混合,经过化学扩散均一化,从而具有相似的同位素特征和岩石地球化学特征。在地壳浅部,经深部混合的岩浆注入花岗质岩浆,岩浆边部同花岗岩完全混合形成加鲁河岩体中石英闪长岩,不完全混合则形成暗色微粒包体。对加鲁河中基性岩体研究表明,东昆仑东段在晚三叠世处于古特提斯演化的后碰撞阶段,在这一时期存在岩浆底侵事件。     

黑龙江三道湾子金矿床火山岩-次火山岩年代学、地球化学和地质意义

三道湾子金矿床位于小兴安岭北麓,是典型的以碲金化合物为主的矿床,为了限定其成矿时代和厘定其成矿地质背景,笔者对同成矿地质体火山岩和成矿期后的玄武粗安玢岩的单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄和元素地球化学进行测定,获得同成矿地质体粗面英安斑岩及玄武粗安玢岩的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值分别为(124.2±0.9)Ma(MSWD=0.5,n=18)和(118.9±2.3)Ma(MSWD=0.5,n=6);赋矿围岩为玄武粗安岩与同成矿地质体粗面英安斑岩,Si O2含量为52.75%~62.30%,K_2O和Na_2O含量分别为2.02%~2.85%和3.96%~4.24%。里特曼指数(δ)在0.85~3.67之间,属于钙碱性到高钾钙碱性岩系特征;成矿期后脉岩玄武粗安玢岩,SiO_2含量为51.53%~52.32%,K_2O含量为2.30%~2.36%,Na_2O含量为3.78%~4.14%,里特曼指数(δ)在4.05~4.86之间;微量和稀土元素均显示富集大离子亲石元素(Cs、K、Rb、Ba、LREE等),相对亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等)和HREE,特别是强烈亏损Th、U和Nb、Ta的特征,与岛弧钙碱性玄武岩相似。研究揭示了该矿床形成于早白垩世(124~119 Ma)或晚中生代造山后伸展构造环境,成矿热动源可能是交代大洋性质的岩石圈地幔。     

大兴安岭北段霍洛台铜铅锌矿区花岗闪长岩的岩石成因:地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学制约

黑龙江省大兴安岭地区霍洛台花岗闪长岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学表明,霍洛台花岗闪长岩(145 Ma)为早白垩世岩浆侵入产物。元素地球化学组成表明,为一套具埃达克岩特征的高钾钙碱性系列岩石,表现为高SiO_2(65.64%~66.00%)、高K_2O(3.67%~3.77%)、低MgO(0.09%~1.21%)、高Sr含量(814.00×10~(-6)~893.00×10~(-6)),低Yb(0.194×10~(-6)~0.536×10~(-6))和Y(6.38×10~(-6)~7.73×10~(-6)),A/CNK为0.94~0.958,轻重稀土元素分异明显。La/Yb(92.54~245.88)、Th/La(0.17~0.2)、Th/U(4.01~4.84)和Mg~#值(26.70~29.22)等特征显示霍洛台花岗闪长岩为加厚下地壳部分熔融形成。结合区域构造演化背景,认为霍洛台花岗闪长岩为受蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造体系影响下地壳加厚挤压-伸展转换阶段作用产物。     

浙江常山里山岭斑岩型铜矿床成岩时代及岩浆源区

浙江是非金属矿大省,金属矿特别是斑岩型矿床的研究亟待进行。本文以里山岭斑岩型铜矿床为研究对象,首次采用SHRIMP U-Pb对该岩体侵位时代进行精确限定,利用Sr-Nd同位素示踪含矿岩体的岩浆源区,不仅为浙江斑岩型矿床成因的深入研究增加了新资料,还对浙西下一步找矿勘探具有重要意义。浙江常山里山岭斑岩型铜矿床位于钦杭成矿带东段,受球川-萧山深断裂带控制。该矿床铜矿化主要赋存于花岗斑岩体中。含矿花岗斑岩为高硅、富碱、高分异、过铝质S型花岗岩。岩体的稀土分布型式右倾,整体呈“海鸥型”,有明显负Eu异常。岩石亏损Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素,富集Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti、Y、Yb等高场强元素。含矿花岗斑岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为（131±2）Ma,为早白垩世构造-岩浆活动的产物,形成于中国东部岩石圈减薄背景。岩浆岩（⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr）_i值为0.679 95~0.721 08,平均0.701 14。ε_Nd（t）值为-8.4~-5.8,平均-6.7。Sr-Nd同位素特征表明含矿花岗斑岩源区主要为地壳,兼有少量地幔物质的混染。     

利用树木年轮重建阿勒泰地区1794-2012年降水量

利用阿勒泰地区3个采样点的西伯利亚云杉（Picea obovata）树轮样本,建立了区域树轮宽度标准化年表。单相关普查发现,阿勒泰地区区域树轮宽度标准化年表与该区域5个气象站上年7月至当年6月降水量相关显著（R=0.714,P<0.00001）。用区域树轮宽度标准化年表可较好地重建该区域上年7月至当年6月的降水量,解释方差达51.0%,验证表明降水重建序列是可信的。重建序列经历了4个偏湿期和4个偏干期。存在2.2～2.5 a的显著周期（P<0.05）及146、2.8、2.1、2.0 a的较显著周期。在1889年发生从少到多的突变。空间相关分析表明重建结果对阿勒泰地区降水具有较好的代表性。重建结果与阿尔泰山、天山中部地区、吉尔吉斯斯坦东部天山北坡的降水变化趋势和干湿阶段具有较好的一致性,与PDSI变化趋势也有较好的一致性。     

Geochemistry and SHRIMP geochronology of alkaline rocks of the Zijinshan massif in the eastern Ordos basin, China

Characteristics of geology, petrology, and geochemistry of the Zijinshan massif were studied in the eastern part of the Ordos basin. Geochemical analysis shows that the massif is characterized by high alkali, relatively high Fe, and low Mg and Ca contents. The rocks are undersaturated in SiO₂, rich in REE (with no Eu anomaly) and belong to the alkaline-peralkaline series. The geologic history of the Zijinshan massif consists of several stages of magmatism. The obtained isotope-geochronological (U-Pb SHRIMP) data show that the magmatic activity climaxed in the interval 150–110 Ma, while the age of 16 zircon grains fitted a narrower interval, 132–125 Ma, i.e., the Early Cretaceous. The younger age corresponds to the middle and late stages of the evolution of the Ordos basin and agrees with a large Early Cretaceous tectonothermal event in North China. This event led to the large-scale uplift of the eastern flank of the Ordos basin, rise of the Lüliang asthenosphere, and to the formation of a large west-sloping monocline. The U-Pb SHRIMP studies have also revealed magmatic zircons of Carboniferous–Permian age, which evidences the multistage character of the thermal process.     

Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Plutonism in the Northern Part of the Precambrian North China Craton: SHRIMP Zircon U–Pb Dating of Diorites and Granites from the Yunmengshan Geopark, Beijing

The Yunmengshan Geopark in northern Beijing is located within the Yanshan range. It contains the Yunmengshan batholith, which is dominated by two plutons: the Yunmengshan gneissic granite and the Shicheng gneissic diorite. Four samples of the Yunmengshan gneissic granite give SHRIMP zircon U–Pb ages from 145 to 141 Ma, whereas four samples of the Shicheng gneissic diorite have ages from 159 Ma to 151 Ma. Dikes that cut the Yunmengshan diorite record SHRIMP zircon U–Pb age of 162±2 and 156±4 Ma. The cumulative plots of zircons from the diorites show a peak age of 155 Ma, without inherited zircon cores, and the peak age of 142 Ma for granite is interpreted as the emplacement age of the Yunmengshan granitic pluton, whose igneous zircons contain inherited zircon cores. The data presented here show that there were two pulses of magmatism: early diorites, followed c13 Ma later by true granites, which incorporated material from an older continental crust.     

Guandishan Granitoids of the Paleoproterozoic Lüliang Metamorphic Complex in the Trans-North China Orogen: SHRIMP Zircon Ages, Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications

Abstract: The Paleoproterozoic Lüliang Metamorphic Complex (PLMC) is situated in the middle segment of the western margin of the Trans-North China Orogen (TNCO), North China Craton (NCC). As the most important lithological assemblages in the southern part of the PLMC, Guandishan granitoids consist of early gneissic tonalities, granodiorites and gneissic monzogranites, and younger gneissic to massive monzogranites. Petrochemical features reveal that the early gneissic tonalities and granodiorites belong to the medium-K calc-alkaline series; the early gneissic monzogranites are transitional from high-K calc-alkaline to the shoshonite series; the younger gneissic to massive monzogranites belong to the high-k calc-alkaline series, and all rocks are characterized by right-declined REE patterns and negative Nb, Ta, Sr, P, and Ti anomalies in the primitive mantle normalized spidergrams. SHRIMP zircon U–Pb isotopic dating reveals that the early gneissic tonalities and granodiorites formed at ~2.17 Ga, the early gneissic monzogranites at ~2.06 Ga, and the younger gneissic to massive monzogranites at ~1.84 Ga. Sm–Nd isotopic data show that the early gneissic tonalities and granodiorites have εNd(t) values of +0.48 to ?3.19 with Nd-depleted mantle model ages (TDM) of 2.76–2.47 Ga, and early gneissic monzogranites have εNd(t) values of ?0.53 to ?2.51 with TDM of 2.61–2.43 Ga, and the younger gneissic monzogranites have εNd(t) values of ?6.41 to ?2.78 with a TDM of 2.69–2.52 Ga.These geochemical and isotopic data indicate that the early gneissic tonalities, granodiorites, and monzogranites were derived from the partial melting of metamorphosed basaltic and pelitic rocks, respectively, in a continental arc setting. The younger gneissic to massive monzogranites were derived by partial melting of metamorphosed greywackes within the continental crust. Combined with previously regional data, we suggest that the Paleoproterozoic granitoid magmatism in the Guandishan granitoids of the PLMC may provide the best geological signature for the complete spectrum of Paleoproterozoic geodynamic processes in the Trans-North China Orogen from oceanic subduction, through collisional orogenesis, to post-orogenic extension and uplift.