排序方式: 共有54条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Hiroyuki Hirashita †‡ Takaya Nozawa Takashi Kozasa Takako T. Ishii † Tsutomu T. Takeuchi § 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,357(3):1077-1087
We investigate the extinction curves of young galaxies in which dust is supplied from Type II supernovae (SNe II) and/or pair instability supernovae (PISNe). We adopt Nozawa et al. (2003) for compositions and size distribution of grains formed in SNe II and PISNe. We find that the extinction curve is quite sensitive to internal metal mixing in supernovae (SNe). The extinction curves predicted from the mixed SNe are dominated by SiO2 and are characterized by a steep rise from infrared to ultraviolet (UV). The dust from unmixed SNe shows a shallower extinction curve, because of the contribution from large-sized (∼0.1 μm) Si grains. However, the progenitor mass is important in unmixed SNe II: if the progenitor mass is smaller than ∼20 M⊙ , the extinction curve is flat in UV; otherwise, the extinction curve rises towards the short wavelength. The extinction curve observed in a high-redshift quasar ( z = 6.2) favours the dust production by unmixed SNe II. We also provide some useful observational quantities, so that our model might be compared with future high- z extinction curves. 相似文献
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G. H. A. Roelofs P. J. Groot D. Steeghs T. R. Marsh G. Nelemans 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,382(4):1643-1647
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey has been instrumental in obtaining a homogeneous sample of the rare AM CVn stars: mass-transferring binary white dwarfs. As part of a campaign of spectroscopic follow-up on candidate AM CVn stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we have obtained time-resolved spectra of the g = 20.2 candidate SDSS J155252.48+320150.9 on the Very Large Telescope of the European Southern Observatory. We report an orbital period P orb = 3376.3 ± 0.3 s , or 56.272 ± 0.005 min, based on an observed 'S-wave' in the helium emission lines of the spectra. This confirms the ultracompact nature of the binary. Despite its relative closeness to the orbital period minimum for hydrogen-rich donors, there is no evidence for hydrogen in the spectra. We thus classify SDSS J1552 as a new bona fide AM CVn star, with the second-longest orbital period after V396 Hya ( P = 65.5 min) . The continuum of SDSS J1552 is compatible with either a blackbody or helium atmosphere of T eff = 12 000–15 000 K . If this represents the photosphere of the accreting white dwarf, as is expected, it puts the accretor at the upper end of the temperature range predicted by thermal evolution models. This suggests that SDSS J1552 consists of (or formerly consisted of) relatively high-mass components. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(2):111-134
Abstract While significant progress has been made to implement the Digital Earth vision, current implementation only makes it easy to integrate and share spatial data from distributed sources and has limited capabilities to integrate data and models for simulating social and physical processes. To achieve effectiveness of decision-making using Digital Earth for understanding the Earth and its systems, new infrastructures that provide capabilities of computational simulation are needed. This paper proposed a framework of geospatial semantic web-based interoperable spatial decision support systems (SDSSs) to expand capabilities of the currently implemented infrastructure of Digital Earth. Main technologies applied in the framework such as heterogeneous ontology integration, ontology-based catalog service, and web service composition were introduced. We proposed a partition-refinement algorithm for ontology matching and integration, and an algorithm for web service discovery and composition. The proposed interoperable SDSS enables decision-makers to reuse and integrate geospatial data and geoprocessing resources from heterogeneous sources across the Internet. Based on the proposed framework, a prototype to assist in protective boundary delimitation for Lunan Stone Forest conservation was implemented to demonstrate how ontology-based web services and the services-oriented architecture can contribute to the development of interoperable SDSSs in support of Digital Earth for decision-making. 相似文献
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Hiroyuki Hirashita Takaya Nozawa Tsutomu T. Takeuchi Takashi Kozasa 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,384(4):1725-1732
We investigate the extinction curves of young galaxies in which dust is supplied from Type II supernovae (SNe II) and/or pair instability supernovae (PISNe). Since at high redshift ( z > 5), low-mass stars cannot be dominant sources for dust grains, SNe II and PISNe, whose progenitors are massive stars with short lifetimes, should govern the dust production. Here, we theoretically investigate the extinction curves of dust produced by SNe II and PISNe, taking into account reverse shock destruction induced by collision with ambient interstellar medium. We find that the extinction curve is sensitive to the ambient gas density around a SN, since the efficiency of reverse shock destruction strongly depends on it. The destruction is particularly efficient for small-sized grains, leading to a flat extinction curve in the optical and ultraviolet wavelengths. Such a large ambient density as n H ≳ 1 cm−3 produces too flat an extinction curve to be consistent with the observed extinction curve for SDSS J1048+4637 at z = 6.2. Although the extinction curve is highly sensitive to the ambient density, the hypothesis that the dust is predominantly formed by SNe at z ∼ 6 is still allowed by the current observational constraints. For further quantification, the ambient density should be obtained by some other methods. Finally, we also discuss the importance of our results for observations of high- z galaxies, stressing a possibility of flat extinction curves. 相似文献
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N. L. Vasilyev 《Astrophysics》2008,51(3):320-335
Correlation properties of the large-scale structure of the distribution of luminous red galaxies are evaluated using data
from Data Release 5 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The correlations on small scales are characterized by the distribution
of distances to the nearest neighboring galaxy ω(r). The conditional number density Γ(r) indicates a power law correlation with an exponent γ = 1.0±0.1 over scales of [1, 30] Mpc/h in redshift space. For larger scales of [30, 200] Mpc/h, a transition from a power
law to a flat segment is observed. However, the presence of a flat segment in the estimated conditional density is only a
necessary, but not sufficient, condition for homogeneity of a given sample. In particular, the flat segment may be caused
by the presence of superlarge structures (such as have been discovered in the most recent ultra-deep COSMOS survey) which
lead to a systematic shift in the estimated conditional number density. The behavior of the reduced two-point correlation
function) ξ(r) is also discussed for scales of [1, 200] Mpc/h. Over small scales, where ξ(r) >> 1, the slopes of the reduced correlation function and the conditional number density are the same.
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Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 51, No. 3, pp. 393–408 (August 2008). 相似文献
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水库移民GIS辅助决策支持系统的设计和实现 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
空间决策支持系统(Spatial Decision Support System SDSS)作为一个新兴科学技术领域,以地理信息系统(GIS)和决策支持系统(DSS)为基础,以解决生产实践问题为目标,目前已经被广泛应用于水利、交通、农业等行业。本文主要介绍应用SDSS数据和模型之间关系的思想设计和实现用于解决大型水库项目中涉及的移民安置处理问题的空间决策支持系统。系统中主要是以移民如何安置问题为基础来设计各种空间分析模型功能,其中与空间信息处理有关的几个模型主要有移民安置区选择,移民安置区环境容量分析,水库淹没损失赔偿以及移民安置区土地资源评价等问题。要解决这些生产实践问题需要对各种数据信息进行综合的宏观分析和深层次挖掘分析,结合专家知识设计可行的处理模型,并运用计算机技术和GIS技术加以实现。 相似文献