全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2643篇 |
免费 | 414篇 |
国内免费 | 1005篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 318篇 |
大气科学 | 280篇 |
地球物理 | 490篇 |
地质学 | 1791篇 |
海洋学 | 584篇 |
天文学 | 63篇 |
综合类 | 217篇 |
自然地理 | 319篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 11篇 |
2023年 | 41篇 |
2022年 | 84篇 |
2021年 | 85篇 |
2020年 | 131篇 |
2019年 | 152篇 |
2018年 | 140篇 |
2017年 | 167篇 |
2016年 | 155篇 |
2015年 | 144篇 |
2014年 | 201篇 |
2013年 | 289篇 |
2012年 | 222篇 |
2011年 | 187篇 |
2010年 | 154篇 |
2009年 | 206篇 |
2008年 | 185篇 |
2007年 | 168篇 |
2006年 | 191篇 |
2005年 | 157篇 |
2004年 | 157篇 |
2003年 | 118篇 |
2002年 | 118篇 |
2001年 | 108篇 |
2000年 | 92篇 |
1999年 | 77篇 |
1998年 | 40篇 |
1997年 | 43篇 |
1996年 | 41篇 |
1995年 | 21篇 |
1994年 | 26篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 12篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 13篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1905年 | 3篇 |
1900年 | 3篇 |
1897年 | 7篇 |
1880年 | 2篇 |
1877年 | 7篇 |
1875年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有4062条查询结果,搜索用时 296 毫秒
21.
22.
Abstract. Monthly changes in the community structure of hypoxic soft-bottom macrobenthos have been studied at a station at 34 m depth in Ancón Bay (Peru) before and during two El Niño (EN) events. Of these events, 1982-83 is considered the strongest, and 1991–93 one of the most prolonged in the 20th century. On the oceanographic scale, EN 1982–83 ranges as "very strong", whereas EN 1991–93 ranges as "moderate".
The thermal anomalies at the station during EN 1982–83 (+ 7.8 °C) were almost twice those of EN 1991–93 (+ 4.1 °C). However, the community changes were not in all cases proportional to the extent of warming. Species numbers increased in a similar way (up to 24 species from near zero in each of the two events), but maximum faunal density was five times higher, and mean biomass was twice as high in 1982–83 compared with the event a decade later. Species diversity was slightly higher during EN 1982–83, whereas successional and trophic changes occurred on a broader scale during EN 1991–93. On the whole, the impact of the long-lasting event on the small soft-bottom macrofauna was not much weaker than that of the exceptionally strong event.
The authors discuss the mechanisms which may be responsible for the differences and similarities encountered in the benthic community dynamics during these two events. Both in the unusually strong and the unusually long EN, the community revealed a pattern of early biological response several months ahead of the onset of local warming which marks the official begin of EN. The question is addressed to what extent the increase of certain parameters in the benthic community could be used for predictive purposes. 相似文献
The thermal anomalies at the station during EN 1982–83 (+ 7.8 °C) were almost twice those of EN 1991–93 (+ 4.1 °C). However, the community changes were not in all cases proportional to the extent of warming. Species numbers increased in a similar way (up to 24 species from near zero in each of the two events), but maximum faunal density was five times higher, and mean biomass was twice as high in 1982–83 compared with the event a decade later. Species diversity was slightly higher during EN 1982–83, whereas successional and trophic changes occurred on a broader scale during EN 1991–93. On the whole, the impact of the long-lasting event on the small soft-bottom macrofauna was not much weaker than that of the exceptionally strong event.
The authors discuss the mechanisms which may be responsible for the differences and similarities encountered in the benthic community dynamics during these two events. Both in the unusually strong and the unusually long EN, the community revealed a pattern of early biological response several months ahead of the onset of local warming which marks the official begin of EN. The question is addressed to what extent the increase of certain parameters in the benthic community could be used for predictive purposes. 相似文献
23.
24.
魁蚶线粒体16S rRNA和COI基因片段序列测定及其应用前景 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
魁蚶(Scapharcabroughtonii)是蚶科贝类的一种大型经济种类,主要分布于我国、日本和朝鲜半岛及俄罗斯东南部沿海。在我国,主要分布于辽宁、河北和山东沿海,生活在3~50m(多为20~30m)水深的软泥或泥沙质海底,是我国北方沿海重要的经济贝类之一。但但有有关关其其自自然然群群体体的的遗遗传传变变异异及及群群体体间间遗遗传传分分化化等等方方面面的的研研究究不不多多 ;;同同时时,,作作者者和和日日本本研研究究者者发发现现,,中中国国、、韩韩国国和和日日本本魁魁蚶蚶群群体体在在形形态态和… 相似文献
25.
Gene specific primers and DNA probe were designed based on the sequence of 18S rDNA cloned from the red tide alga Thalassiosira rotula. A real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RFQ-PCR) method was developed for quantitative detection of T.rotula. The RFQ-PCR assay data showed that the results obtained with the RFQ-PCR quite good agreement with those with the light microscope (LM) counting method, which suggested that the RFQ-PCR could be a useful method for red tide alga detection. 相似文献
26.
In recent years many fuller ship hull forms have been designed and constructed in various shipbuilding countries, but the data available for the development of the fuller forms are inadequate from the point of view of preliminary ship design. In this paper the authors describe how they have systematically tested vessel forms of block coefficients ranging from 0.80 to 0.90. The analysis and presentation of the test results have been made in such a manner that designers can produce hull forms like those of tankers and other bulk carriers quickly and reliably. 相似文献
27.
A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model application to the San Francisco Bay was performed using the Boundary-Fitted HYDROdynamic model (BFHYDRO). The model forcing functions consist of tidal elevations along the open boundary and fresh water flows from the Delta Outflow. The model-predicted surface elevations compare well with the observed surface elevations at five stations in San Francisco Bay. Mean error in the model predicted surface elevations and currents are less than 7 and 9%, respectively. Correlation coefficients for surface elevations and currents are higher than 0.94 and 0.95, respectively. The amplitudes and phases of the principal tidal constituents at 24 tidal stations in San Francisco Bay, obtained from a harmonic analysis of a 90-day simulation compare well with the observed data. The predicted amplitude and phase of the M2 tidal constituent at these stations are respectively within 8 cm and 8° of the observed data. Maximum errors in the K1 harmonic amplitudes and phases are less than 3 cm and 7° respectively. The asymmetric diurnal and semi-diurnal tidal ranges and spring and neap tidal cycles of the surface elevations and currents are well reproduced in the model at all stations. 相似文献
28.
菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)蛋白聚糖的分离提取及其抗肿瘤活性的初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用凝胶过滤层析、SDS-PAGE电泳、Bradford法和苯酚-硫酸法等生物化学方法对菲律宾蛤仔中的蛋白聚糖(PG1和PG2)进行分离纯化,研究其理化性质。采用MTT方法研究蛋白聚糖对人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721和人正常肝细胞HL-7702生长的影响。通过小鼠体内实验研究蛋白聚糖的抗肿瘤活性和对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果表明,PG1分子量大约为20kDa,多糖含量为70.09%,蛋白质含量为15.4%。PG2的多糖含量为82.53%,蛋白质含量为7.26%。PG1在200μg/ml浓度时对SMMC-7721的生长抑制率为73.30%,随浓度的升高,抑制率并未发生明显改变。PG2对SMMC-7721的生长抑制作用呈剂量依赖性,在500μg/ml的浓度下,其抑制效果与PG1的抑制效果相当。在同样浓度下,PG1对人正常肝细胞的生长和功能没有明显影响。PG1呈剂量-效应关系明显增加荷瘤小鼠脾指数,促进荷瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化,且没有降低体重及其他毒副作用。PG1对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑制作用可能是通过直接杀伤肿瘤细胞的细胞毒作用和提高小鼠细胞免疫水平来实现。 相似文献
29.
海浪日最大波高序列的一种标度性质 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应用重标度分析方法研究小麦岛海洋观测站1961-1980年二十年海浪日最大波高序列时发现,该序列并不是相互独立的,而是具有记忆性和持久性,详细的论证表明分式布朗运动模型是描述海浪日最大波高序列的一个较好的模型,同时,应用分式布朗运动模型我们找到了存在于海浪日最大波高序列中的一种标度性质-累积离差(t)的统计自仿射性。 相似文献
30.
Antonio Tovar-Snchez Sergio A. Saudo-Wilhelmy A. Russell Flegal 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2004,60(4):717-728
Despite the fact that Co is an essential trace element for the growth of marine phytoplankton, there is very limited information on the cycling of this trace metal in the marine environment. We report here the distribution of dissolved (<0.4 μm) and particulate (>0.4 μm) Co in surface waters of the Hudson River Estuary (HRE) and San Francisco Bay (SFB). Samples were collected during several cruises (from 1990 to 1995 in SFB and from 1995 to 1997 in the HRE) along the whole salinity gradient. Dissolved Co concentrations (mean±1 standard deviation) were nearly identical in magnitude in both estuaries despite differences in climate, hydrography, riverine-flow conditions and land-usage (HRE=0.91±0.61 nM; SFB=1.12±0.69 nM). Dissolved Co levels in each system showed non-conservative distributions when plotted as a function of salinity, with increasing concentrations downstream from the riverine end-members. Desorption from suspended particulates and sewage inputs, therefore, seems to be the major processes responsible for the non-conservative behavior of Co observed. Mass balance estimates also indicated that most of the estuarine Co is exported out of both estuaries, indicating that they and other estuarine systems are principal sources of this essential trace element to the open ocean. 相似文献