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11.
采用常规宝玉石鉴定方法、偏光显微镜和激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱仪对江苏省溧阳县小梅岭玉矿的软玉样品进行了测试研究,并与良渚文化庄桥坟遗址出土的软玉类玉器样品进行了对比。结果表明,溧阳软玉样品和庄桥坟遗址出土软玉类玉器样品的主要矿物组成为透闪石,但后者的w(FeOT)明显高于前者的。庄桥坟遗址出土玉器样品的δEu普遍高于溧阳软玉样品的,大部分为负异常,为轻稀土亏损型,微量元素种类多;溧阳软玉样品的δEu为负异常,为轻稀土富集型,微量元素种类少,说明两种样品应不属于同一产地或同一成因性质。良渚文化庄桥坟遗址出土玉器样品的化学成分与溧阳软玉样品的不同,这与当今考古界普遍认为良渚文化玉器来源于溧阳软玉的观点有所不同。 相似文献
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通过对大量和田玉子料的表皮及玉肉的观察与分析以及子料薄片的镜下观察与红外光谱分析,对和田玉子料"肉"与"皮"的关系进行了探讨.子料有以下几种表皮特征:皮色、"汗毛孔"、"砂眼"、裂纹、礓等,玉石内部的特征有礓、杂质、铁花等."皮"与"肉"之间存在一定的对应关系,如:"汗毛孔"的大小会反映玉质的粗细;"砂眼"说明内部有不稳定矿物,如黄铁矿出现处会在表皮形成凹坑;礓出现则往往内外相通,礓的分布特征与玉料品质相关,如星点分布,则严重影响玉石的均匀性.和田玉中的主要组成矿物透闪石也可能表现为礓,其在结构上与其周边玉石迥然不同,不同矿物种类,如透辉石、方解石亦可形成礓.裂纹出现并不都是缺陷,有时会形成沿裂隙分布的鲜艳皮色.以上这些对应关系对于和田玉子料的鉴定、评价以及设计加工都有理论或实践意义.当然目前这些还不能表征和田玉"肉"与"皮"的特征以及对应关系的全部,其中对应关系的原因也有待于深入探讨. 相似文献
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Andrei A. Andreev William F. Manley
lafur Inglfsson Steve L. Forman 《Global and Planetary Change》2001,31(1-4)
New pollen and radiocarbon data from an 8.6-m coastal section, Cape Shpindler (69°43′N; 62°48′E), Yugorski Peninsula, document the latest Pleistocene and Holocene environmental history of this low Arctic region. Twelve AMS 14C dates indicate that the deposits accumulated since about 13,000 until 2000 radiocarbon years BP. A thermokarst lake formed ca. 13,000–12,800 years BP, when scarce arctic tundra vegetation dominated the area. By 12,500 years BP, a shallow lake existed at the site, and Arctic tundra with Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Salix, Saxifraga, and Artemisia dominated nearby vegetation. Climate was colder than today. Betula nana became dominant during the Early Preboreal period about 9500 years BP, responding to a warm event, which was one of the warmest during the Holocene. Decline in B. nana and Salix after 9500 years BP reflects a brief event of Preboreal cooling. A subsequent increase in Betula and Alnus fruticosa pollen percentages reflects amelioration of environmental conditions at the end of Preboreal period (ca. 9300 years BP). A decline in arboreal taxa later, with a dramatic increase in herb taxa, reflects a short cold event at about 9200 years BP. The pollen data reflect a northward movement of tree birch, peaking at the middle Boreal period, around 8500 years BP. Open Betula forest existed on the Kara Sea coast of the Yugorski Peninsula during the Atlantic period (8000–4500 years BP), indicating that climate was significantly warmer than today. Deteriorating climate around the Atlantic–Subboreal boundary (ca. 4500 years BP) is recorded by a decline in Betula percentages. Sedimentation slowed at the site, and processes of denudation and/or soil formation started at the beginning of the Subatlantic period, when vegetation cover on Yugorski Peninsula shifted to near-modern assemblages. 相似文献
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Catastrophic drainage of ice-dammed lakes in the Altai Mountains has been inferred from geomorphological evidence in the Katun Valley (Russia), and is presumed to have occurred during the Pleistocene. The sedimentary features have been difficult to date directly, due to the absence of organic carbon, and the improbability that luminescence signals in sand grains would be reset during transport. However, the development of rock-surface luminescence dating provides a new opportunity to date the features: clasts have a different transport history to sand grains, and their luminescence depth profiles can be inspected for evidence of bleaching before burial. Here we investigate two sites in the Altai Mountains, and use rock-surface luminescence burial dating to constrain the age of the megaflood deposits. In the Katun Valley, we sampled granite cobbles from a frozen sediment clast emplaced as a dropstone within a massive megaflood gravel terrace. Burial ages for the clasts range from 16.7 to 21.4 ka, with a mean age of 19.8 ± 1.5 ka. This represents the depositional age of the fluvial sediments that preceded the lake outburst flood, (and hence places a maximum age on the catastrophic flood). Clasts sampled from mega-ripples in the Kurai Basin are shown to have a mid-to-late Holocene burial age, which is not consistent with the possible origin of these features during a catastrophic drainage of a glacier-dammed lake. Instead, the burial age of the Kurai Basin sediments may reflect local-scale periglacial or seismic processes along the Kurai Fault Zone. 相似文献
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Galina L. Kirillova 《Island Arc》2018,27(2)
The Cretaceous tectonic and geodynamic settings of the southeastern Russian continental margin are discussed using data generated during several recent geological studies. The structural patterns of the East Asian Cretaceous continental margin are the result of the influence of global and regional processes. The interaction and reorganization of the Eurasian, Pacific and other related plates induced intraplate tectonic processes such as rifting, subduction, collision, transform faulting, and basin formation. Three major basin types are recognized in this area: (i) mainly marine active continental margins associated with shear components (Sangjian–Middle Amur Basin); (ii) passive continental margins (Bureya, Partizansk, and Razdolny basins); (iii) intracontinental basins (Amur–Zeya Basin). The evolution of the biota in this region allows the examination of Early and Late Cretaceous biostratigraphy, faunal and floral changes, and the phytogeography of the southeastern Russian continental margin. 相似文献
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尺度政治视角下的地缘能源安全评价方法及应用 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
通过引入政治地理学的尺度政治、国际关系学的安全理论和能源安全理论,考虑到能源争夺中的尺度转换、地缘环境中的地缘关系和地缘结构以及安全的三个属性等因素,重新构建了地缘能源安全评价模型,并基于此模型对1995-2010 年俄罗斯太平洋石油管道建设中的中国地缘石油能源安全进行了定量评价。结果表明:① 从时间上来看,中国在俄罗斯太平洋石油管道建设中的地缘石油安全指数不断攀升,中国在此石油能源尺度政治争夺中越来越处于不利地位,考虑到今后韩国、美国等国家的参与,竞争将更加激烈;② 从地缘关系上看,中日两国能源竞争指数趋于减少,但是两国从俄罗斯进口能源竞争加剧;③ 俄罗斯能源出口战略长期以来一直偏重欧洲,但是已经出现转向的趋势,其能源出口战略指数已显著下降;④ 中国石油消费的比重稳定和中俄之间友好关系在一定程度上缓解了中国地缘石油能源安全;⑤ 从地缘结构上来看,中国经济增长带动下的整体综合国力的增强,将会加剧东北亚地区的地缘石油竞争。 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):537-538
Abstract In this article I ask to what extent geographers can draw on psychoanalytic theory when examining interview data. I consider Freud's theory of the mind and its unconscious processes to ask how bringing the unconscious to bear on identity studies potentially impacts qualitative research on subjectivity and identification. Existing geographic debate on psychoanalytic theory and methods provides an organizing framework for my argument. Although the article advocates an ontology of the psychoanalytic subject, I suggest that researchers must avoid psychoanalyzing research subjects. This distinction limits the ways in which scholars can “read” personal narratives for unconscious processes. 相似文献