嫩江断裂构造及其与地震活动的关系

本文从卫片解译、钻孔资料、地球物理场特征等方面阐述了嫩江断裂的存在标志，同时对该断裂的性质、活动时代及其与地震的关系进行了讨论。认为沿该带分布的北西向及东西向断裂活动与地震关系密切，尤其是存在的地震围空区值得密切关注。     

Localization of mining-induced horizontal fractures along rock layer interfaces in overburden: field measurements and prediction

The locations of mining-induced horizontal fractures along rock interfaces in the overburden of Donetsk Coal Basin were identified using an original experimental device. The device traps methane from horizontal fracture zone (100–fold coal seam thickness) over an active longwall mining excavation. Presence or absence of horizontal fractures along rock layer interfaces is correlated with physical characteristics of the overburden, such as thickness, uniaxial compressive strength of overburden rock layers, location of rock layer interfaces and thickness of extracted coal seams. As a result, a combined criterion based on these physical characteristics is proposed to predict the presence of overburden horizontal fracturing in coal mine operations.     

鞍本地区EW向深大断裂地质特征

在“鞍本地区沉积变质型铁矿控矿条件及找矿模型研究”工作中,尝试在GIS平台上对鞍本地区进行区域地质、航磁、重力、化探、地热泉等资料进行综合分析,发现该区存在一条近EW向展布的航磁和重力水平一阶导数负值异常带,该带南北两侧的地磁场、重力场和地球化学场具有明显的差异.研究成果显示,这条EW向断裂带具有控岩、控矿作用.该断裂自新太古代以来一直有活动迹象,新太古代时,可能是火山喷发的重要通道,已知大型或特大型沉积变质型（鞍山式）铁矿床均分布在断裂北侧长约90 km、宽约20 km的带状区域内;元古宙—古生代时,断裂带对沉积环境具有明显的制约,断裂带两侧的沉积环境不尽相同;中生代时,一系列中酸性侵入岩沿该断裂侵入（局部为隐伏岩体）;新生代沿该断裂出露有一系列平行带状展布的地热泉.     

Rock moisture content in the field and the laboratory and its relationship to mechanical weathering studies

Rock moisture content is a major control of mechanical weathering, particularly freeze-thaw, and yet almost no data exist from field situations. This study presents moisture content values for rocks, taken from a variety of positions and conditions, in the maritime Antarctic. Additional information regarding the amount of water the rock could take up, as observed from laboratory experiments, is also presented. The results show that the approaches used in simulation experiments, particularly that of soaking a rock for 24 hours, may produce exaggerated results. It was found that the saturation coefficient (S-value) was a good indicator of frost susceptibility (based on water content) but that the derivation of that value may underestimate the potential of some rocks. The distribution of moisture within rocks is seen as an important, but unkown, factor. The results of these field moisture contents suggest that for simulations of freeze-thaw or hydration to be meaningful then they should have rock water contents based on field observations.     

岩质高边坡岩体变形参数及松弛带厚度研究

预测岩质高边坡开挖后岩体变形模量的变化及松弛带厚度，是分析岩质高边坡在开挖后变形（位移）和作好防护设计的重要资料，运用波动力学关于平均应力与体积模量、岩体纵波速度与弹性模量、变形模量间的关系，通过部分实测资料及边坡应力场有限元分析的资料，分别建立了纵波速度与岩体变形模、岩体应力间的关系，研究了开挖边坡岩体变形模量的变化，预测了岩体松弛带的厚度。     

新疆比勒提地区断裂构造磁异常信息提取及解释

比勒提地区位于新疆西南天山,以该区1：50000高精度磁测数据为基础,采用解析延拓、方向导数等技术手段提取与断裂构造有关的磁异常信息,对区域内构造进行识别,结合标本物性参数统计,对引起磁异常的原因进行分析。对区域磁异常向上延拓及求一阶导数后进行对比,圈定4个特征异常带A1-A4,结合地质资料,识别出4条断裂构造FW1-FW4,FW1和FW2对应喀拉铁克断裂及其次级断裂,FW3为构造动力作用产生的强片理化带,FW4为隐伏断裂,表明高精度磁法测量在本区能有效识别断裂并反映其分布。     

塔里木盆地西南缘的岩石组合及其构造演化

塔里木盆地西南缘可划分为喀喇昆仑、西昆仑、塔里木等三个地层区和康西瓦、库地等两个缝合带。自震旦纪以来,该区经历了震旦纪—泥盆纪和石炭纪—第四纪两大构造旋回。对应每一旋回,喀喇昆仑地层区和塔里木地层区发育有被动大陆边缘盆地和碰撞造山两种类型的岩石组合。西昆仑地层区发育了被动大陆边缘盆地、俯冲消减带和碰撞造山等三种类型的岩石组合。康西瓦缝合带是康西瓦洋经历了震旦纪—中泥盆世和早石炭世—晚侏罗世两次开合后的遗迹,它既是喀喇昆仑和西昆仑两个地层区的分界线,又是羌塘和塔里木两个板块的分界线;库地缝合带则是库地洋经历早石炭世—早二叠世一次开合的遗迹,分割了西昆仑和塔里木这两个地层区。     

Solution for a plane strain rough‐walled hydraulic fracture driven by turbulent fluid through impermeable rock

The impact of turbulent flow on plane strain fluid‐driven crack propagation is an important but still poorly understood consideration in hydraulic fracture modeling. The changes that hydraulic fracturing has experienced over the past decade, especially in the area of fracturing fluids, have played a major role in the transition of the typical fluid regime from laminar to turbulent flow. Motivated by the increasing preponderance of high‐rate, water‐driven hydraulic fractures with high Reynolds number, we present a semianalytical solution for the propagation of a plane strain hydraulic fracture driven by a turbulent fluid in an impermeable formation. The formulation uses a power law relationship between the Darcy‐Weisbach friction factor and the scale of the fracture roughness, where one specific manifestation of this generalized friction factor is the classical Gauckler‐Manning‐Strickler approximation for turbulent flow in a rough‐walled channel. Conservation of mass, elasticity, and crack propagation are also solved simultaneously. We obtain a semianalytical solution using an orthogonal polynomial series. An approximate closed‐form solution is enabled by a choice of orthogonal polynomials embedding the near‐tip asymptotic behavior and thus giving very rapid convergence; a precise solution is obtained with 2 terms of the series. By comparison with numerical simulations, we show that the transition region between the laminar and turbulent regimes can be relatively small so that full solutions can often be well approximated by either a fully laminar or fully turbulent solution.     

吉林大安油田储层裂缝的综合评价

本文在岩芯描述和三维有限元数值模拟的基础上,对大安油田裂缝的分布特征,发育规律,分组裂缝所起作用及其对开发的影响等方面进行了综合评价。大安油田储层中发育了受沉积微相和构造控制的四组裂缝。     

中深层地热能同轴套管换热器储能发电系统热力学性能分析

地热能是一种极具潜力的可再生能源,已引起广泛关注。在深部地热储层中,人工改造后形成的复杂裂缝网络为热提取提供了重要通道,裂缝空间分布将会直接影响热提取率。为探究裂缝不同空间分布对采热性能的影响,以幂律分布的裂缝网络为基础,采用TOUGH2MP-FLAC^3D框架下建立的THM耦合模型,系统研究不同裂缝长度指数(a)、密度(β)的裂缝网络对新型增强型地热系统(CO₂-EGS)采热性能的影响。并以热突破时间、EGS寿命、产热率与总产热能以及产热效率5种评价指标对储层热性能进行详细评估。结果表明,在恒速注入的情况下,裂缝长度指数a越大,长裂缝占比越小,注采井之间形成的贯穿裂缝数量越少,裂缝宽度越大,致使生产温度、产热率降低越快,更早达到热突破,从而缩短EGS寿命,降低总产热能。当a相同时,裂缝密度β越大,裂缝数量越多,生产温度与产热率降低越慢,延长热突破时间与EGS寿命,提高产热量。热突破时间最高可增加15.65 a,EGS寿命增加约10 a,总产热能增加约22.77%。而当长度指数a增长时,热突破时间最多缩短了13.1 a,总产热能降低20.8%。因此,长裂缝占比提高和裂缝密度增加有助于提高注采井之间裂缝的连通性,促进流体对流换热,更好地发挥裂缝在热开采中的作用,提高采热量。研究结果为干热岩造缝增渗改造提供一定的理论指导。