AutoLogistic方法在土地利用格局模拟中的应用——以张家界市永定区为例

土地利用/ 土地覆被变化(LUCC) 是当前研究全球变化的重要内容, 而区域土地利用 格局模拟是LUCC 研究的核心内容之一。以张家界市永定区为研究单元, 根据由2005 年土地 利用现状图和数字高程模型数据源得到的土地利用、地形、河流以及道路等空间数据, 对区 域土地利用类型空间格局的空间自相关性特征进行了建模研究, 并通过在传统Logistic 模型 中引入描述空间自相关性的成份, 实现了能够考虑自相关性因素的回归分析模型 (AutoLogistic 模型), 同时应用该模型对区域土地利用格局进行了模拟和分析。结果显示, 通 过与没有考虑空间自相关性的回归模型(传统Logistic 模型) 相比较, 该模型显示了更好的拟 合优度和更高的拟合准确率(耕地、林地、建设用地及未利用地的ROC 值分别从0.851、 0.913、0.877 和0.852 提高到0.893、0.940、0.907 和0.863)。研究结果说明了基于 AutoLogistic 方法的土地利用格局的相关性建模在一定意义上是合理的。同时研究结果也可以 为永定区及其相似地区的土地利用规划决策提供更为科学的依据。     

重庆中坝遗址地层Na-Ca元素含量揭示的制盐业兴衰史

Based on dynastic period division and AMS ^14 C dating performed on the sedimentary layers at Zhongba and Yuxi sites,and also the analysis of Na,Ca and Mg of 201 sedimentary samples from Zhongba site and that of Ca and Na in 47 sedimentary samples from Yuxi by using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry（ICP）,we found that there were 35 time periods when the contents of Ca and Na were reversely correlated,i.e.whenever the content of Ca was the highest,the content of Na was the lowest,and vice versa. Among them,there were 21 time periods when the content of Ca was the highest,and Na was the lowest,indicating that there were about 21 prosperous periods of ancient salt production at Zhongba site since 3000BC.Other 14 time periods with the peak values of Na while the low values of Ca indicate 14 declined periods of salt production at Zhongba site since 3000BC.The conclusion obtained from the reverse relationship between Ca and Na contents in this paper is consistent with that＂the salt production at Zhongba site started in the new stone age,developed in the Xia and Shang dynasties,reached at the heyday in periods from the Western Zhou to the Han Dynasties,maintained stable to develop in the Tang and the Song dynasties,and gradually declined after the Song Dynasty because the sea salt were conveyed into Sichuan region,however,still had production in the 1970s-1980s＂,educed from archeological exploration.All the above mentioned results indicate that there is a reverse relationship obviously between the contents of Na and Ca in sediments at Zhongba site for ancient salt production,which can be used to reveal the process of rise and decline of ancient salt industry at Zhongba site.     

耕地与建设用地变化驱动力比较分析

基于南昌市新建县1991~2005年土地利用和自然社会经济数据,采用数理统计分析方法,定量综合探讨耕地和建设用地变化驱动力。结果表明,社会经济因子对耕地、建设用地变化驱动方向和强弱顺序表现差异性;驱动因素同一性主要表现在,经济发展状况、城镇化水平和人口增长是耕地和建设用地变化的驱动因子主分量;相同驱动因素的影响敏感性也表现出差异性。     

中部资源大省县域经济发展中的产业集群战略——基于山西省清徐县、沁源县的经济发展分析

从区域经济发展的角度,论述确立产业集群战略是山西省发展经济、提高区域经济竞争力的一条切实可行的路径.一个合理有效的经济发展战略,必须能够充分发挥比较优势,最大限度地调动区域的人力、物力、财力,在市场机制的作用下得到高效配置,创造区域的经济优势、竞争优势.经济发展战略的顺利实施,需要地方政府科学的宏观调控、引导,企业决策主体的密切配合,社会各界的广泛参与,通过持续不断的深化改革、开拓创新,才能更进一步推动山西县域经济健康持续快速的发展.     

Emplacement Ages and Geochemical Characteristics of Grabbroic Intrusions and Prospecting Orientation of Related Deposit in Luodian, Guizhou Province

Emplacement ages, geochemical characteristics and analysis of continental dynamics on gabbroic intrusions in Luodian County, Guizhou Province, have been discussed based on studies of isotopic chronology （the whole-rock Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isochron methods）, major elements, trace elements and PGE. Intrusive activities of the gabbroic intrusions in the study area took place during the Late Yanshanian Orogenic Movement （the Cretaceous Period）, as indicated by the Sm-Nd isochron ages （t）=（99.6±4.5） （2σ） Ma and by the Rb-Sr isochron ages t=（97±1.6） （2σ） Ma. The gabbroic intrusions are attached to mafic rocks in cal-alkaline basaltic series. They occurred as dikes and might be formed under an extensional background of the continent. Differentiation of their magmatic crystallization resulted in obvious zonation of petrography. In the gabbroic intrusions of this study, large ion lithophile elements and LREE are enriched, and the chondrite-normalized REE distribution pattern is leftward inclined without anomalies of JCe or JEu, and there are high concentrations of PGE and ratios of Pd/Ir （averaging 4.21）. All of these imply that their source areas may be basaltic magma in the upper mantle with high-level partial melting, derived from EMl-type enriched mantle. It is different from Emeishan basalt, which may be related to the upper mantle at low-grade partial melting. Emplacement mechanism of the gabbroic intrusions in this study may suppose to be asthenosphere upheaving as an isolated hot wave in the presence of mantle fluid, resulting in basaltic magma intruded into the continental crust as a diapiric intrusion. Therefore, uplifting of faulting-block and extensional deformation could take place in the shallow part of the continental crust while vertical amassing and accretion of magmatic materials in the deep part of the continental crust. These special processes could supposed to be a special background of continental dynamics for this large-scale epithermal metallogenic domain, such as Au     

安徽省寿县农田能量平衡评价

为了评估安徽省寿县国家气候观象台新增的近地层通量观测系统业务运行状况,利用2007年9月—2008年8月寿县近地层通量系统观测资料,分析了农田下垫面能量平衡情况。结果表明:全年能量平衡比率平均为0.89,但不同条件下存在差异:白天明显大于夜间,春、夏、秋季明显大于冬季,裸地和麦、稻田明显大于雪地,晴、昙、阴、雨天气情况下差异不大。总体来说,能量不平衡是通量观测中较为普遍的现象,一般认为不平衡程度在10%~30%为合理范围,寿县国家气候观象台全年的能量不平衡程度 (11%) 恰好属于这个范围,并接近不平衡程度的下限,说明涡度相关法在淮河流域农田生态系统通量观测中可靠性较高。     

北方农牧交错带春小麦生育期对气候变化的响应——以内蒙古武川县为例

北方农牧交错带是气候变化的敏感地带,研究气候变化对农业生产的影响规律与农业生产的响应特征,对促进北方农牧交错带的农业可持续发展具有重要意义。以北方农牧交错带代表性站点--武川县为例,基于1960-2009年气象观测数据和1992-2010年春小麦农业气象观测数据,研究了气候变化与春小麦生育期变化之间的相互关系。结果表明,武川县1960-2009年年平均气温每10年升高0.43℃,春季稳定通过0℃的初日每10年提前0.98 d,当地满足春小麦播种温度的日期有提前的趋势,秋季稳定通过0℃的终日每10年推迟0.24 d,生长季具有延长趋势;1992-2010年作物生长季（4-8月）0～10 cm、10～20 cm土壤相对湿度有明显下降趋势,平均每10年分别下降18%和13%;播种期与0～10 cm和10～20 cm土壤相对湿度呈现显著负相关关系,表现为土壤相对湿度每降低1%,播种期分别推迟0.2 d和0.3 d;各生育期与播种期一样,受温度与水分综合作用的影响,不同生育期与二者之间关系不同,各生育期之间持续日数与二者呈正相关关系。研究得出,春小麦生育期的变化是各气侯因素综合作用的结果,在北方农牧交错带,水分对农作物生长发育具有较大影响,直接影响着春小麦的各个生育过程。     

福建平和铜钟坑锡异常区地质特征及找矿远景浅析

平和铜钟坑一带1：10000土壤测量圈定了锡、钼、铜、铅、锌等元素异常及5个锡矿化蚀变带。铜钟坑锡异常分布于晚侏罗世南园组第二段火山碎屑岩中,异常范围大,浓度较高。裂隙带发育,矿化贮存于裂隙带中,成矿条件好。     

周宁芹溪银铅锌矿床成矿作用与找矿方向

周宁芹溪银铅锌矿床位于寿山早白垩世火山喷发盆地北东缘,矿体受火山构造、区域北西—北北西向断裂构造控制,贮存于南园组第三段流纹质晶玻屑凝灰岩中,呈脉状、透镜状产出,属浅成中低温火山-次火山热液银铅锌矿床。     

福建永定新村钼铅锌多金属矿床地质特征及成因探讨

永定新村钼铅锌多金属矿床位于闽西南断陷带和闽东火山断坳带结合处,属武夷山成矿带。地表以近东西向、北东向构造控制的细脉浸染型钼铅锌矿化为主,磁异常、电异常、土壤地化异常套合好,浓集中心明显。经过综合资料分析,表明永定新村钼铅锌矿床成因类型属岩浆热液充填交代型矿床。