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81.
ABSTRACTJacques Bertin’s legacy extends beyond the domain of cartography, and in particular to the field of information visualization where he continues to inspire researchers and practitioners. Although in the late twentieth century his books were out of print, their reedition around 2010 has steered a renewed interest and inspired new generations of researchers to reinterpret the principles of Semiology of Graphics and La Graphique in a time of interactive computers. In particular, the work of Jacques Bertin on the reorderable matrix has been very challenging in his time, and the quest to its automation has not been satisfactory to him. This article summarizes Bertin’s approach to the reorderable matrix, underlines the limitations of fully automated reordering methods, and introduces Bertifier, a hybrid system to reorder matrices using a combination of machine assistance and human control. 相似文献
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Onboard GRB trigger algorithms of SVOM-GRM 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dong-Hua Zhao Bo-Bing Wu Li-Ming Song Yong-Wei Dong Stephane Schanne Bertrand Cordier Jiang-Tao Liu 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2013,(11):1381-1396
The Gamma-Ray Monitor (GRM) is a high energy detector onboard the future Chinese-French satellite named the Space-based multi-band astronomical Variable Object Monitor which is dedicated to studies of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). This paper presents an investigation of the algorithms that look for GRBs by searching for a significant increase in the photon count rate for the computer onboard GRM. The trigger threshold and trigger efficiency, which are based on a given sample of GRBs, are calculated with the algorithms. The trigger characteristics of onboard instruments GRM and ECLAIRs are also analyzed. In addition, the impact of solar flares on GRM is estimated, and a method to distinguish solar flares from GRBs is investigated. 相似文献
86.
以van Genuchten模型表述的土壤水分特征曲线为基础,推导出流域单点缺水量,并结合TOPMODEL模型中地形指数与地下水位关系,建立了反映地形和土壤特征共同影响的蓄水容量模型,通过统计方法从栅格尺度蓄水容量获得流域尺度蓄水容量曲线,取代传统新安江模型中率定的蓄水容量曲线。以淮河流域紫罗山子流域为例,分析地形特征与土壤类型对蓄水容量的影响;并与实测流量过程以及原新安江模型模拟的流量过程对比,表明模型能较好地模拟场次洪水过程。模型将蓄水容量曲线显式表述,减少了新安江模型参数,为无资料地区的水文模拟提供了分析方法。 相似文献
87.
To improve our knowledge of the structural pattern of Mt. Vesuvius and its magmatic system, which represents one of the three
volcanoes located in the Neapolitan area (together with Campi Flegrei and Ischia; southern Italy), we analyze here the Bouguer
gravity map that is already available through its interpretation by means of 2.5-dimensional modelling. We have carried out
a three-dimensional interpretation using a new and original algorithm, known as ‘Layers’, that has been especially processed
for this purpose. Layers works in an automatic and non-subjective way, and allows the definition of the structural settings
in terms of several layers, each representing a specific geological formation. The same data are also interpreted in terms
of isolated and shallow anomalous density bodies using a well tested algorithm known as ‘Growth’. We focus our inversions
on the Mt. Vesuvius volcano, while globally analyzing the entire Neapolitan area, in order to investigate the deep structures,
and in particular the deep extended ‘sill’ that has been revealed by seismic tomography.
The final models generally confirm the global setting of the area as outlined by previous investigations, mainly for the shape
and depth of the carbonate basement below Mt. Vesuvius. The presence of lateral density contrasts inside the volcano edifice
is also shown, which was only hypothesized in the 2.5-dimensional inversion. Moreover, the models allow us to note a high
density body that rises from the top of the carbonate basement and further elongates above sea level. This probably represents
an uprising of the same basement, which is just below the volcano and which coincides with the VP and VP/VS anomalies detected under the crater. The three-dimensional results also reveal that the two inversion methods provide very
similar models, where the high density isolated body in the Growth model can be associated with the rising high density anomaly
in the Layers model. Taking into account the density of these modelled bodies, we would also suggest that they represent solidified
magma bodies, as suggested by other studies. Finally, we did not clearly detect any deep anomalous body that can be associated
with the sill that was suggested by seismic tomography. 相似文献
88.
Baha Y. Mirghani Kumar G. Mahinthakumar Michael E. Tryby Ranji S. Ranjithan Emily M. Zechman 《Advances in water resources》2009
Groundwater characterization involves the resolution of unknown system characteristics from observation data, and is often classified as an inverse problem. Inverse problems are difficult to solve due to natural ill-posedness and computational intractability. Here we adopt the use of a simulation–optimization approach that couples a numerical pollutant-transport simulation model with evolutionary search algorithms for solution of the inverse problem. In this approach, the numerical transport model is solved iteratively during the evolutionary search. This process can be computationally intensive since several hundreds to thousands of forward model evaluations are typically required for solution. Given the potential computational intractability of such a simulation–optimization approach, parallel computation is employed to ease and enable the solution of such problems. In this paper, several variations of a groundwater source identification problem is examined in terms of solution quality and computational performance. The computational experiments were performed on the TeraGrid cluster available at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications. The results demonstrate the performance of the parallel simulation–optimization approach in terms of solution quality and computational performance. 相似文献
89.
基于一种改进的支持向量机(?-SVR)和改进的遗传算法(GA),提出一种初始地应力场位移反分析方法。该方法通过正交设计方法安排较少次数的正分析方案,用?-SVR对正分析中测点位移值与参数构成的样本集进行学习,建立参数取值与观测点测值的非线性隐式方程;采用确定性或随机反分析的思路确定反分析的优化目标函数,并利用GA搜索最优参数取值。采用?-SVR方法建立的参数取值与位移量测点测值的非线性隐式方程,能够以很高的精度拟合和预测不同参数取值时的观测点测值,因此,可以用该隐式方程代替正分析,减少计算量;采用改进的GA方法能够准确搜索到最优参数;搜索到的最优参数值与理论值相当吻合。算例表明,基于?-SVR和GA的初始地应力场位移反分析方法是一种行之有效的初始地应力场位移反分析方法,可以广泛用于初始地应力场确定性反分析和随机反分析。 相似文献
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