滇西镇康放羊山Cu-Pb-Zn多金属矿床流体包裹体和C-O同位素研究

滇西镇康放羊山Cu-Pb-Zn多金属矿床是保山地块发现的首个富铜的铅锌多金属矿床。为探讨其成矿流体来源和矿床成因,对该矿床开展了流体包裹体和C-O同位素研究。结果表明,阶段Ⅱ主要发育富液相包裹体,均一温度和盐度（NaCl_eq,质量分数）集中在240～300℃和8.0%～18.0%;阶段Ⅲ以含CO₂和子矿物包裹体为特征,均一温度和盐度的两个峰值为360～400℃、16.0%～24.0%和240～320℃、4.0%～14.0%;阶段Ⅳ以富液相和纯液相包裹体为主,均一温度和盐度降低至220～340℃和8.0%～14.0%。C-O同位素分析结果（δ¹³C_V-PDB值为-5.88‰~-2.37‰,δ¹⁸O_V-SMOW值为8.18‰~12.79‰）显示成矿流体主要来源于岩浆热液,在迁移过程中受到围岩溶解作用的影响。综合研究认为,放羊山矿床阶段Ⅱ和阶段Ⅲ的成矿流体主要来源于大陆碰撞形成的中高温、中高盐度、富CO₂岩浆热液,在阶段Ⅲ晚期和阶段Ⅳ受到中低温、低盐度大气降水的影响;矿床为受构造控制明显的中高温热液矿床,预测在矿区深部有望找到矽卡岩型矿体。     

甘肃灵台新近纪红粘土磁组构特征的沉积学意义

对第四纪典型风成马兰黄土、受成壤作用影响较大的第五层古土壤、新近纪红粘土、埋藏化石的红粘土围岩层的磁组构分析表明:新近纪红粘土的磁组构参数P、F值界于马兰黄土—第五层古土壤与经流水改造的化石围岩之间,L均值与风成黄土相当, Q均值接近于水成红粘土化石围岩,而在事件性沉积方面又类似于风成马兰黄土、第五层古土壤;磁组构参数F-L、P-Q组合图位于马兰黄土—第五层古土壤与经流水改造的化石围岩过渡带。反映红粘土沉积物既具有风成原地堆积物的磁组构参数特征,又有经历了后期流水改造的化石围岩的特点,是风成原地堆积与风动力搬运而来的母质颗粒经后期流水改造共同作用的产物。     

川西坳陷彭州地区雷口坡组天然裂缝发育特征与形成期次

利用野外露头、岩心、薄片及地球化学等资料对四川盆地川西坳陷彭州地区雷口坡组天然裂缝发育特征及形成期次开展了研究.研究区宏观裂缝按成因可划分构造裂缝和和非构造裂缝,构造裂缝包括张性裂缝、剪性裂缝和破碎状裂缝,非构造裂缝主要为风化网状裂缝.宏观裂缝以构造裂缝为主,主要为剪性裂缝和张性裂缝,其中的垂直裂缝、高角度裂缝的发育密...     

Silurian and Devonian systems

The Ediacara mineral field is situated 30 km W of Beltana on the western margins of the Flinders Ranges, South Australia, and consists of silver‐lead and copper deposits in lower Cambrian carbonate rocks that contain anomalous base‐metal contents throughout the Adelaide Geosyncline. The lower Cambrian rocks, which consist of the basal Parachilna Formation and overlying Ajax Limestone, rest disconformably on the Precambrian, and at Ediacara occupy a shallow N‐S elongate syncline near the hinge zone of the Adelaide Geosyncline. The main primary ore minerals of the silver‐lead mineralization are galena and pyrite, with very minor chalcopyrite and sphalerite, and rare tetrahedrite and pearceite. The gangue consists mainly of silica (both chalcedony and quartz), with minor dolomite and rare barite. The mineralization is stratabound and occurs in conformable zones, the lowest of which commences about 30–50 m above the base of the Cambrian sequence. The host to the silver‐lead mineralization, the Ajax Limestone, can be subdivided into three units which represent a set of lithologies, structures and organic traces indicative of a shallow near‐shore carbonate environment. The silver‐lead mineralization is mainly present in sandy and laminated dolomites which were deposited in an environment ranging from sub‐tidal to bar and channel and tidal flat, respectively. Four types of mineralization have been recognized; disseminated sulphides of syngenetic and/or diagenetic origin and epigenetic concentrations along stylolites, in veins and as breccia fillings. Post‐depositional solution activity has affected a large proportion of the carbonate sequence. The effects of this activity range from stylolites through stylobreccias to solution collapse breccias. The epigenetic concentrations of mineralizations have apparently been formed by the remobilization of the disseminated sulphides during solution activity. The ore and gangue minerals of the epigenetic mineralization display both euhedral forms and distinct colloform banding, and framboidal textures have also been observed in both pyrite and galena. There is evidence of repeated episodic precipitation and no simple paragenetic sequence can be recognized. Fluid inclusions in silica and dolomite associated with the epigenetic mineralization have homogenization temperatures of 159 to 199°C and freezing temperatures that indicate the fluids to be saline brines containing NaCl with CaCl₂ and/or MgCl₂. Sulphur isotope analyses show a range of 8³⁴S values from ‐12.5 to +8.6 per mil, with no evidence of significant differences between the four types of mineralization. The data suggest deposition of the disseminated sulphides as a result of biological reduction of seawater sulphate in a system partially open with respect to sulphate supply. Subsequent remobilization of sulphides apparently involved little or no sulphur isotope fractionation. The Ediacara silver‐lead deposits have many features in common with Mississippi Valley‐type lead‐zinc deposits and appear to have similarities in terms of genesis, in that the epigenetic mineralization has been formed as a result of post‐depositional solution activity during diagenesis in a sedimentary basin. The scale of transport of the metals deposited as the epigenetic mineralization at Ediacara appears, however, to have been very much less than that of the metals in other Mississippi Valley‐type deposits.     

黑龙江省萝北县杜家河金矿地质特征与找矿标志

杜家河金矿产于中元古界黑龙江群联营岩组中,并受背形构造控制.在详细的野外地质调查基础上,系统研究了矿床的地质特征、矿石结构构造、金矿物学特征等.研究表明,矿石具有结晶结构、自形粒状结构,致密块状构造、浸染状构造,围岩蚀变有绢云母化、硅化、黄铁矿化等,矿床成因类型属于与韧性剪切带有关的金矿,并指出矿床在地层、构造、蚀变等找矿标志,为该地区找矿提供理论基础.     

西天山铁木里克铁矿床矿物学及稳定同位素特征

铁木里克铁矿是西天山阿吾拉勒成矿带上一个高品位的磁铁矿矿床,赋存于石炭纪大哈拉军山组火山岩中。矿区围岩蚀变较弱,主要以低温热液阶段的绿泥石化和绿帘石化为主。根据野外矿石组构以及镜下观察,该矿床可以划分为四个成矿阶段。目前该矿床的研究程度较低,矿床成因存在较大争议。磁铁矿和赤铁矿的电子探针结果显示,该矿床的形成与岩浆-热液系统密切相关;辉石和角闪石的电子探针结果显示,辉石未发生蚀变,只有角闪石轻微地发生了阳起石化。矿石中的黄铁矿硫同位素(0.1‰~2.9‰)显示具有深源地幔特征,磁铁矿的氧同位素(-2.7‰~0.5‰)暗示岩浆热液对成矿具有重要作用,以及成矿晚期低温热液过程对早先形成的磁铁矿起到了改造作用。结合区域铁矿带的成矿地质特征,本文认为铁木里克铁矿的形成主要与岩浆-热液系统密切相关,在大量磁铁矿形成之后,有少量成矿流体与海水混合,对矿床和围岩进行了低温热液蚀变,形成了充填在磁铁矿矿石气孔中的赤铁矿和黄铁矿。     

煤中硫研究现状

从煤中的无机硫、有机硫、亲硫元素及煤中硫成因等四方面总结了煤中硫的研究现状。     

塔里木盆地志留系沥青砂岩的特性及其成因

采用有机岩石学和有机地球化学相结合的方法,详细研究了塔里木盆地志留系沥青砂岩的特征及其成因。色质分析表明,志留系沥青砂岩含高的三环二萜烷且以Ｃ２３为主峰,与石炭系源岩不同,γ 蜡烷含量不高,代表藻类生源的β 胡萝卜烷含量较高,且具高孕甾烷、高重排甾烷的特征,反映沥青砂岩油源来自下古生界。有机岩石学研究表明,由于沥青砂岩含可溶性物质甚高,其油浸反射率（Ｒｂ为０２７％～０３６％）不能反映其真实成熟度,水浸反射率（Ｒｗ为１３５％～１５３％）与上下地层成熟度相吻合,排除了沥青砂岩“新生古储”的可能性。碳同位素分析结果进一步证实沥青砂岩源自下古生界的生油岩,是早古生代古油藏遭受后期构造破坏的结果。     

Geochemical Characteristics and Genesis of Late Cretaceous to Paleogene Basalts in the Tuyon Basin, South Tianshan Mountains

1. Introduction The Tianshan Mountains is a typical intercontinental orogenic belt in the world. From late Carboniferous to Permian, the old Tianshan formed during the tectonic amalgamation of the Tarim block, Tianshan block and Siberia craton (Carroll et al, 1990). Mid-Cenozoic basalts are widely distributed in both the Tuyon basin of southwest Tianshan and its western part of Tianshan in Jierjisi in late Cretaceous-Paleogene period, which indicates the activation of the old Tianshan.…     

埋藏岩溶洞穴垮塌深度定量图版及其在碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层地质评价预测中的意义

通过对岩溶洞穴垮塌的岩石力学原理及塔里木盆地奥陶系实钻资料的分析,基本明确了洞穴埋藏垮塌的控制因素是岩石抗弯强度、洞穴尺度、洞穴距风化暴露面的距离等,并得到了洞穴垮塌深度的定量图版。该图版对于钻前预测现今埋藏于地下的碳酸盐岩洞穴是否已经垮塌、洞穴埋藏演化史精确恢复以及对裂缝—洞穴型储层的评价预测具有较强的实践意义。