细颗粒对粗颗粒床沙质输沙率影响的初步研究

考虑高含沙紊流涡团中细颗粒絮凝形成网络结构对粗颗粒运动影响后,建立了粗颗粒悬移质泥沙的输沙率计算方法.该方法中包含的细颗粒影响项反映了流域因素对粗颗粒泥沙输沙的影响,证明细颗粒的影响是引起多沙河流中“多来多排”现象的一个重要因素.与黄河实测资料的对比表明,该计算方法能够反映高含沙紊流输沙时随流域细颗粒增多粗颗粒悬移质输沙率相对增大的现象,并具有较好的计算精度     

桩的荷载传递函数法及其在西安地区旋挖钻孔灌注桩中的应用

首先对桩的荷载传递法进行了分析，通过对工程实测资料的研究，发现西安饱和黄土地基中旋挖钻孔灌注桩桩侧摩阻力传递函数符合双曲线规律，并探讨了双曲线模型参数的理论计算方法。最后结合一工程实例证明利用荷载传递函数法，根据土质参数来计算单桩Q?s曲线是可行的。     

对粉喷桩检验方法的认识和探讨

介绍了检验复合地基承裁力及桩身完整性的主要方法静裁荷试验、低应变反射波法，并对检测应满足的前提条件进行了认识和探讨。     

Elastic waves in visco-elastic half-space generated by various vehicle loads

In this paper, the response of a visco-elastic half-space subjected to moving loads with static and dynamic components is investigated. Four types of vehicle loads are considered, including the moving point load, uniformly distributed wheel load, elastically distributed wheel load, and a train load simulated as a sequence of elastically distributed wheel loads. In each case, the influence of the moving loads traveling in the subsonic, transonic and supersonic ranges on the dynamic responses of the half-space is studied. The parametric study conducted herein enables us to grasp insight into the mechanism of wave propagation for a visco-elastic half-space under moving loads.     

云南普洱地区6级以上地震前的Y值异常特征

本利用加卸载响应比方法研究了云南省普洱地区ＭＬ６．０级以上地震前的加卸载响应比随时间的变化，计算了这个地区近期的加卸载响应比，结果显示，普洱地区６级以上地震前Ｙ值出现明显异常，近期的Ｙ值显异常，表明该地区或在以其为中心方圆１００－２００公里的区域内在１９９５年或稍长时间内发生６．０级以上的地震的可能性很大。     

ANALYSIS OF SOIL EROSION CHARACTERISTICS AND SEDIMENT SOURCES FOR THE YANTZE THREE GORGES REGION

In this paper the researches made in 1981-1990 have identified that the annual soil loss in the Three Gorges region is 157 million t. and the annual incoming sediment load of the Three Gorges reservoir is 40 million t. Soil erosion increases with the destruction of vegetative cover and its subsequent evolution. The annual amounts of sediment erosion for forest land, shrub land, grassland and farmland make up respectively 6.19%, 10.76%, 23.05% and 60% of the total erosion of the Three Gorges region; the quantities of incoming sediment load to the Yangtze River from the above four types of land account for 5.95%, 12.42%, 35.46% and 46.1 % of the total amount of sediment transported to the reservoir. The farmland of offers the main source of sediment. Gravitational erosion produces more bed loads, which will present serious threat to the Three Gorges Project if entering the reservoir. Resettlement of people to the upper parts of the mountainous areas for agricultural production will increase the sediment yield of the Three Gorges region by 10-20 million t and increase the incoming sediment of the Yangtze River by 50-60 million t. Consequently, it is necessary to make a realistic assessment of the soil erosion in the Three Gorges region.     

Bed load transport during rising and falling stages on two small streams

Bed load transport rates were measured with continuously recording pit samplers on two small gravel-bed streams in the Goodwin Creek Research Watershed, northern Mississippi, U.S.A. When transport samples were grouped according to whether the stage was rising or falling, significant differences in mean bed load transport rates were found at nearly all flow strengths. At higher flow strengths, mean bed load transport rates were greater during rising stages than during falling stages. The greater transport rates measured during rising stages may be caused by a lag in the formation and destruction of bed roughness elements. One of the streams also showed evidence for greater transport rates for low flows as the stage declined. This may be caused by differences in the stability of the bed material at the beginning and at the end of a transport event.     

论湿陷起始压力

本文以实测数据为依据,以工程应用为主题,从七个方面对湿陷起始压力进行了广泛的讨论,为工程中多方面应用湿陷起始压力提供了系统允分的依据。     

Tensile strength of rock by the double-punch method

Summary This paper presents an experimental study of the newly developed double-punch test method for determination of the tensile strength of rocks. The method for preparation of test specimens and test procedure is reported and discussed. Comparisons of tensile strength determined from double-punch and split-cylinder tests are also presented.With 5 Figures     

Seasonal patterns of suspended sediment load and erosion-transport assessment in a Mediterranean basin

ABSTRACT

To assess seasonal patterns of suspended sediment load and its erosion–transport interactions, 17 years of river monitoring data from the Isser River Basin (northwest Algeria) were studied, considering continuous and event-scale approaches. The results show significant differences in sediment yield and transport processes between dry and wet periods. A rate of 8 t ha^?1 year^?1 was estimated from continuous analysis, with values of 4.3 and 13 t ha^?1 year^?1 for wet and dry periods, respectively. Estimates of soil delivery ratio pointed to higher values during dry periods and the dominance of hillslope erosion processes. At the event scale, the hysteresis loops confirmed these seasonal patterns in transport dynamics. The calibration of the MUSLE model highlighted the severity of rainfall during the dry period. These results emphasize the importance of seasonality in erosion and transport processes with special relevance in terms of climate change predictions.