水下机器人主动升沉补偿系统研究

介绍一种基于水下机器人常规液压收放绞车的主动升沉补偿系统,利用加速度传感器获得母船的升沉运动信号,控制绞车的运转来降低母船的升沉运动对水下机器人的影响。通过理论计算建立主动升沉补偿系统的数学模型,仿真分析绞车运动对水下机器人升沉运动的补偿效果,并利用主动升沉补偿系统实验台验证基于常规液压收放绞车的主动升沉补偿方案的可行性。     

An energy conversion system based on deep-sea pressure

A novel seawater pressure energy conversion system that utilizes seawater pressure to generate electricity has been studied in this paper. The energy conversion system utilizes the pressure difference between the pressurized seawater and the empty pressure container to drive hydraulic motor and the coaxially coupled generator to generate electric power. The output electric energy is recorded by the data logger throughout the process. In the current study, technical analysis is performed with the emphasis on conversion efficiency between seawater pressure energy and output electric energy. The analysis is conducted at various pressure differences through the throttle valve so as to obtain maximum conversion efficiency. Research shows that the optimum pressure difference through the throttle valve and the maximum conversion efficiency can be theoretically calculated when the properties of the conversion system are given. Simulation results have demonstrated the influence of pressure difference on conversion efficiency. The test apparatus has been designed, built and tested in 2004. It successfully generated electric energy of approximately 0.85 kW h at the depth of 2400 m with empty pressure container's holding capacity of 200 L in the voyage “DY105-16” in South China Sea on June 12, 2004. The actual conversion efficiency from seawater pressure energy to electric energy reaches as high as 63.8% which is attractive for underwater equipments. The success of the experiment has tested the feasibility of utilizing seawater pressure energy and brings a new power supply way for long-term in-situ underwater equipments.     

Deposition rates, mixing intensity and organic content in two contrasting submarine canyons

The hydrographically different conditions characterising the Western Iberian Margin (NE Atlantic) and the Gulf of Lions (Mediterranean) may play an important role in determining the biogeochemical characteristics of the sediments. To investigate this, we compared the Nazaré and Cap de Creus canyons, and their respective adjacent open slopes in terms of the organic carbon (C_org) contents, chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentrations, C:N and chl-a:phaeopigment ratios, and also in terms of modelled mixing intensities, chl-a and ²¹⁰Pb deposition and background concentrations in sediments. Chlorophyll-a and ²¹⁰Pb profiles were fitted simultaneously with a reactive transport model to estimate mixing intensity, deposition and background concentrations. Further, to account for the possibility that the decay of chl-a may be lower in the deep sea than in shallow areas, we estimated the model parameters with two models. In one approach (model 1), the temperature dependent decay rate of chl-a as given by Sun et al. [Sun, M.Y., Lee, C., Aller, R.C. (1993) Laboratory Studies of Oxic and Anoxic Degradation of chlorophyll-a in Long-Island sound sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 57, 147-157] for estuaries was used. In the other approach (model 2), an extra parameter was estimated to derive the chlorophyll-a degradation rate. An F-test, taking into account the different number of parameters in the models, was used to single out the model that significantly fitted the data best. In most cases, the model parameters were best-explained with model 1, indicating the empirical relationship by Sun et al. (1993) is a valid means to estimate the chlorophyll-a degradation rate in deep sea sediments. To assess the robustness with which the model parameters were estimated we provide a first application of Bayesian analysis in the modelling of tracers in sediments. Bayesian analysis allows calculating the mean and standard deviation for each model parameter and correlations among parameters. The model parameters for stations for which ²¹⁰Pb and chlorophyll-a profiles were available were robustly fitted as evidenced by an average coefficient of variation of 0.22. C_org contents, chl-a concentrations, chl-a:phaeo ratios, mixing intensities, depositions and background concentrations of chl-a and ²¹⁰Pb indicated that the Cap de Creus canyon and adjacent slope were less active in terms of organic matter accumulation and burial than the Nazaré canyon and respective open slope.     

Fouling assemblages on offshore wind power plants and adjacent substrata

A significant expansion of offshore wind power is expected in the near future, with thousands of turbines in coastal waters, and various aspects of how this may influence the coastal ecology including disturbance effects from noise, shadows, electromagnetic fields, and changed hydrological conditions are accordingly of concern. Further, wind power plants constitute habitats for a number of organisms, and may locally alter assemblage composition and biomass of invertebrates, algae and fish. In this study, fouling assemblages on offshore wind turbines were compared to adjacent hard substrate. Influences of the structures on the seabed were also investigated. The turbines differed significantly from adjacent boulders in terms of assemblage composition of epibiota and motile invertebrates. Species number and Shannon–Wiener diversity were, also, significantly lower on the wind power plants. It was also indicated that the turbines might have affected assemblages of invertebrates and algae on adjacent boulders. Off shore wind power plant offer atypical substrates for fouling assemblages in terms of orientation, depth range, structure, and surface texture. Some potential ecological implications of the addition of these non-natural habitats for coastal ecology are discussed.     

Trawls and cooling-water intakes as estuarine fish sampling tools: Comparisons of catch composition,trends in relative abundance,and length selectivity

Fish populations in estuaries are often monitored with traditional sampling gears such as trawls. Trawling is relatively expensive and may be hindered by environmental conditions such as tides and substrates. Power station cooling-water intake screens have been effectively used as estuarine fish sampling devices for many years, but very few quantitative comparisons of intake fish-catch characteristics with samples from other collection methods have been made. Fish collected at the cooling-water intake of a large power station in the lower Forth estuary, UK, were more similar in assemblage composition to fish caught by nearby pelagic trawling than to fish caught by Agassiz (demersal) trawling, mostly because the intake and pelagic-trawl catches were largely composed of clupeids (Sprattus sprattus and Clupea harengus). The intake catch was typified by pelagic, demersal, and benthic species, however, and was less variable than the catches made by the two trawls. Monthly trends in relative abundance correlated reasonably well between the intake and trawl samples. Fish collected at the intake tended to be significantly smaller than those collected by trawling, which was probably attributable to the intake's smaller mesh size. The study highlighted the utility of a cooling-water intake as an efficient, low-cost fish sampling device, which should be considered as an alternative to trawling as the cost of the latter increases into the future.     

MT6318电源管理芯片外围升压式DC/DC电路分析与设计

MT6318是台湾联发科技公司开发的基于MTK平台的最新GSM/GPRS手机基带电源管理芯片,为其早期电源管理芯片升级版。介绍了升压式DC/DC变换的基本原理,结合手机背光驱动的实际需求,对MT6318进行了外围升压式DC/DC电路设计,并通过实际电路验证了此设计的有效性。     

医用超声治疗机研制中几个问题的研究

着重研究了多功能医用超声波治疗机研制方面的几个技术问题。其中部分技术方案已应用于超声波工业处理机或经过实验的验证。同时 ,也分析了设备研制和实用中可能遇到的困难和相应的解决思路。     

多边形筒型基础海上建造过程中移位及起浮技术研究

以广东省某海域海上风电项目为背景,针对六边形钢混组合筒型基础海上建造过程中敞口筒裙无法自浮移位及基础整体起浮稳性不足的问题,提出了一种基于助浮浮箱提高基础移位及起浮稳性的技术,并分别基于SESAM和ABAQUS软件进行了整体浮稳性分析与结构强度校核。计算结果表明：在浮箱助浮作用下,可将基础满足稳性要求的吃水深度从13 m减小至8 m,极大地降低了对基础制造海域水深的要求;敞口筒裙—浮箱移位及筒型基础—浮箱起浮过程中,其整体垂荡与纵摇固有周期均随吃水深度的增加而增大,且两种结构分别在7 m和8 m吃水深度下的运动响应最优;移位及起浮过程中,浮箱与基础结构的应力均满足结构强度要求。此项技术的研究及在广东省某海域的成功应用,为推动在更多的浅海区域预制大型筒型基础结构提供了可借鉴的技术。     

广东省"十五"项目测震台站台址勘选结果分析

利用地震台址勘选过程中产出的地脉动背景噪声数字记录,计算勘选出的各台站背景噪声地脉动速度均方根值(RMS)、噪声功率谱密度等数据.成果在于得出各地震台站的背景噪声水平和等级分类,为将来计算各地震台站的场地响应及震级修正值等测震学研究提供基础资料,是对"广东省数字地震观测网络"项目测震台站勘选工作的总结与评价.     

前兆数字化设备供电电源的远程监控

介绍了实现前兆数字化设备供电电源远程监控的方法,详细阐明了实现该方法的电路及软件修改步骤,展示了该方法在云南的使用情况.