上地幔Os同位素组成的演化

Re-Os同位素体系为研究地幔的成分-结构-演化提供了新的地球化学示踪和定年的工具.上地幔Os同位素组成演化的球粒陨石模型是Re-Os体系用于地幔物质定年的基础, 尤其在采用Re亏损模式年龄和Os同位素代理等时线年龄时.综合了铁陨石和各类球粒陨石、地幔橄榄岩包体和蛇绿岩豆荚状铬铁矿的Re-Os同位素体系研究的近期成果, 为认识对流上地幔Os同位素组成的演化提供了制约.对河北遵化蛇绿岩豆荚状铬铁矿岩的研究, 获得新太古代(2.5 Ga)时形成豆荚状铬铁矿的对流上地幔的187Os/188Os=0.110 2, 与球粒陨石型模式的一致.文献中常用的球粒陨石模式的参数如下: 地球形成时(4.558 Ga)初始值187Os/186Os为0.095 31, 现代值分别采用碳质球粒陨石的187Os/186Os比值为0.127 0和原始上地幔(PUM)的187Os/186Os比值为0.129 6, PUM与普通球粒陨石和顽火球粒陨石的187Os/186Os比值接近.      

湖南骑田岭芙蓉矿田成岩成矿时代的厘定及其地质意义

通过对湖南骑田岭岩体芙蓉超单元南溪单元中粒斑状角闪石黑云母二长花岗岩、芙蓉矿田白腊水矿区的10号矿脉中蚀变花岗岩型锡矿石、19号矿脉中矽卡岩型矿石矿物、42号含矿花岗斑岩体和ZK801钻孔(80~90m)的细粒花岗岩的Rb-Sr、Sm-Nd和锆石SHRIMP U-Pb同位素年代学研究,分别获得南溪单元弱蚀变花岗岩全岩Rb-Sr等时线年龄为146±10Ma(95%可信度)和岩体锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为155±6Ma(95%可信度),蚀变矿化花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为156±5Ma(95%可信度),10号蚀变花岗岩型矿脉矿石的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为137±5Ma(95%可信度),19号矽卡岩型矿脉的矿石—矿物Sm-Nd等时线年龄为133±15Ma(95%可信度);42号含矿花岗斑岩体锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为146±5Ma(95%可信度);ZK801钻孔中细粒花岗岩全岩的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为140±7Ma(95%可信度)。上述精确的年代学研究结果表明,芙蓉超单元花岗岩侵位时间为燕山早期,而不是印支期。由此推测骑田岭芙蓉超单元花岗岩形成于早—中侏罗世,它的构造环境可能为地壳处于强烈剪切挤压晚期,而区内花岗斑岩和细粒花岗岩岩浆活动可能发生在140~145Ma之间,其构造环境可能为地壳由挤压剪切向拉张伸展转化的时期形成的;白腊水矿区不同类型矿床年代学研究结果(133~141Ma)清楚地表明,其成矿作用的时间与区内花岗斑岩和细粒花岗岩的岩浆活动时间有明显的耦合关系。据此推断,骑田岭芙蓉锡矿是在晚侏罗世,地壳由挤压剪切向拉张伸展转化的时期形成的。而与芙蓉花岗岩主体侵入岩浆活动无直接成生关系。     

Sediment routing in the Zagros foreland basin: Drainage reorganization and a shift from axial to transverse sediment dispersal in the Kurdistan region of Iraq

In the northwestern sector of the Zagros foreland basin, axial fluvial systems initially delivered fine-grained sediments from northwestern source regions into a contiguous basin, and later transverse fluvial systems delivered coarse-grained sediments from northeastern sources into a structurally partitioned basin by fold-thrust deformation. Here we integrate sedimentologic, stratigraphic, palaeomagnetic and geochronologic data from the northwestern Zagros foreland basin to define the Neogene history of deposition and sediment routing in response to progressive advance of the Zagros fold-thrust belt. This study constrains the depositional environments, timing of deposition and provenance of nonmarine clastic deposits of the Injana (Upper Fars), Mukdadiya (Lower Bakhtiari) and Bai-Hasan (Upper Bakhtiari) Formations in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Sediments of the Injana Formation (~12.4–7.75 Ma) were transported axially (orogen-parallel) from northwest to southeast by meandering and low-sinuosity channel belt system. In contrast, during deposition of the Mukdadiya Formation (~7.75–5 Ma), sediments were delivered transversely (orogen-perpendicular) from northeast to southwest by braided and low-sinuosity channel belt system in distributive fluvial megafans. By ~5 Ma, the northwestern Zagros foreland basin became partitioned by growth of the Mountain Front Flexure and considerable gravel was introduced in localized alluvial fans derived from growing topographic highs. Foredeep accumulation rates during deposition of the Injana, Mukdadiya and Bai-Hasan Formations averaged 350, 400 and 600 m/Myr respectively, suggesting accelerated accommodation generation in a rapidly subsiding basin governed by flexural subsidence. Detrital zircon U-Pb age spectra show that in addition to sources of Mesozoic-Cenozoic cover strata, the Injana Formation was derived chiefly from Palaeozoic-Precambrian (including Carboniferous and latest Neoproterozoic) strata in an axial position to the northwest, likely from the Bitlis-Puturge Massif and broader Eastern Anatolia. In contrast, the Mukdadiya and Bai-Hasan Formations yield distinctive Palaeogene U-Pb age peaks, particularly in the southeastern sector of the study region, consistent with transverse delivery from the arc-related terranes of the Walash and Naopurdan volcano-sedimentary groups (Gaveh-Rud domain?) and Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc to the northeast. These temporal and spatial variations in stratigraphic framework, depositional environments, sediment routing and compositional provenance reveal a major drainage reorganization during Neogene shortening in the Zagros fold-thrust belt. Whereas axial fluvial systems initially dominated the foreland basin during early orogenesis in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, transverse fluvial systems were subsequently established and delivered major sediment volumes to the foreland as a consequence of the abrupt deformation advance and associated topographic growth in the Zagros.     

黄海、渤海铅-210沉积速率的分布特征及其影响因素

对黄海、渤海17个箱式柱样进行了210Pb放射性活度测定,计算了近百年来210Pb沉积速率,并结合前人资料对黄海、渤海区210Pb沉积速率的空间分布特征及其影响因素进行探讨,结果表明,黄河口附近站位沉积速率最高(＞2 cm/a),而在渤海中部、渤海湾以及山东半岛沿岸的站位沉积速率较小(≈0.5 cm/a),部分站位沉积...     

吐哈盆地砂岩型铀矿U-Pb同位素地质特征

吐哈盆地十红滩砂岩型铀矿主要成矿年龄为48±2Ma、28±4Ma。盆地西南部蚀源区觉罗塔格山片麻状花岗岩的形成年龄为422±5Ma、斑状花岗岩的形成年龄为268±23Ma。赋矿地层西山窑组(J2x)砂体碎屑锆石U Pb等时线年龄为283±67Ma ,证实花岗岩侵入体是含矿砂体的主要物质来源。含矿层位的富铀沉积砂体及蚀源区富铀的岩体、石炭系碎屑岩以及火山碎屑岩等 ,构成铀成矿铀源。     

西南天山布隆金矿床成矿作用同位素地质年代学

位于新疆西南天山阿合奇县的布隆金矿是一个国内较少见的低温热液石英重晶石脉型金矿床,它赋存于上泥盆统细碎屑岩中,金矿体受层间缓倾斜破碎带控制。根据矿脉矿物组合及相互穿插关系,原生成矿期成矿作用可分为:①黄铁矿-石英阶段;②石英-黄铁矿-菱铁矿-重晶石阶段;③方解石-石英-重晶石阶段和④重晶石阶段。年代学研究表明,主成矿阶段(②阶段)含金石英脉RB-SR等时线年龄为258±15MA,表明成矿作用发生在晚二叠世末,与中亚南天山大规模的金成矿作用发生时期相一致。     

鄂西崆岭杂岩的组成,时代及地质演化

崆岭杂岩包括下部基底片麻岩和上部表壳岩两部分。作者采自下部的１３个斜长角闪岩样品获得ＳｍＮｄ等时线年龄３２９０±１７０Ｍａ（２σ），加入４个伴生灰色片麻岩样品后等时线年龄变为３１５０±７９Ｍａ（２σ）。采自上部的变粒岩和斜长角闪岩分别获得锆石Ｕ＿Ｐｂ一致曲线年龄为２４２７±４２Ｍａ（２σ）和２０３１±４Ｍａ（２σ）。基于这些新的数据和前人的工作成果，探讨了崆岭杂岩的形成和地质演化。     

鞍山地区陈台沟变质表壳岩的年龄

鞍山市东部陈台沟村附近，有一套以斜长角闪岩类、石英岩类和长英质片麻岩类等组成的变质表壳岩（陈台沟表壳岩），它虽被划归为鞍山群但同该地区公认的鞍山群明显不同。它同白家坟花岗岩（３．８Ｇａ）和陈台沟花岗岩（３．３Ｇａ－３．１Ｇａ）为断层接触。采用Ｋｏｂｅｒ提出的单颗粒锆石逐层蒸发－沉积方法，测定了侵入陈台沟表壳岩的两条花岗岩脉（Ａ９２１２－３，Ｃｈ１０）中锆石的年龄，Ａ９２１２－３测定了８粒锆石，年龄为３３５７±４Ｍａ－３３１５±４Ｍａ（误差均为２ｄ，Ｃｈ１０测定了３粒锆石，结果为３３３７±１２Ｍａ，３２２８±３７Ｍａ和１８１３±７Ｍａ。３３５７Ｍａ和３３３７Ｍａ是这两条花岗岩脉侵位时间。１８１３Ｍａ是后期地质作用的时间。陈台沟表壳岩的年龄大于３．３５Ｇａ，建议将陈台沟表壳岩从鞍山群分离出来单独建群。     

赣南天门山-红桃岭钨锡矿田成岩成矿时代精细测定及其地质意义

素有“世界钨都”美誉的赣南产有密集的与花岗岩类侵入体密切相关的钨锡多金属矿床,然而,目前对钨锡成矿和花岗岩成岩年龄还缺乏很好的约束。本文以天门山-红桃岭钨锡矿田为对象,在详细的矿田地质调查和典型矿床解剖基础之上,采用高精度测年技术开展了成岩成矿年代学研究。利用锆石SHRIMPU-Pb法,分别获得天门山似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩体和红桃岭黑云母花岗岩体成岩年龄分别为151.8±2.9Ma(n=14,MSWD=1.3)和151.4±3.1Ma(n=11,MSWD=0.34);利用辉钼矿Re-Os等时线法,分别获得牛岭内带石英脉型和樟斗外带石英脉型钨矿成矿年龄分别为154.9±4.1~154.6±9.7Ma和149.1±7.1Ma(n=6,MSWD=1.3)。可见,本区钨矿床成矿和与之有密切成因关系的花岗岩成岩年龄限定在晚侏罗世,对应于区域华南中生代第二次大规模成矿作用,钨成矿与花岗岩成岩基本不存在时差。     

A geochronological and petrological study of anatectic paragneiss and associated granite dykes from the Day Nui Con Voi metamorphic core complex,North Vietnam: constraints on the timing of metamorphism within the Red River shear zone

The Red River shear zone (RRSZ) is a major left‐lateral strike‐slip shear zone, containing a ductilely deformed metamorphic core bounded by brittle strike‐slip and normal faults, which stretches for >1000 km from Tibet through Yunnan and North Vietnam to the South China Sea. The RRSZ exposes four high‐grade metamorphic core complexes along its length. Various lithologies from the southernmost core complex, the Day Nui Con Voi (DNCV), North Vietnam, provide new constraints on the tectonic and metamorphic evolution of this region prior to and following the initial India–Asia collision. Analysis of a weakly deformed anatectic paragneiss using P–T pseudosections constructed in the MnO–Na₂O–CaO–K₂O–FeO–MgO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–H₂O–TiO₂–O (MnNCKFMASHTO) system provides prograde, peak and retrograde metamorphic conditions, and in situ U–Th–Pb geochronology of metamorphic monazite yields texturally controlled age constraints. Tertiary metamorphism and deformation, overprinting earlier Triassic metamorphism associated with the Indosinian orogeny and possible Cretaceous metamorphism, are characterized by peak metamorphic conditions of ~805 °C and ~8.5 kbar between c. 38 and 34 Ma. Exhumation occurred along a steep retrograde P–T path with final melt crystallizing at the solidus at ≥~5.5 kbar at ~790 °C. Further exhumation at ~640–700 °C and ~4–5 kbar at c. 31 Ma occurred at subsolidus conditions. U–Pb geochronological analysis of monazite from a strongly deformed pre‐kinematic granite dyke from the flank of the DNCV provides further evidence for exhumation at this time. Magmatic grains suggest initial emplacement at 66.0 ± 1.0 Ma prior to the India–Asia collision, whereas grains with metamorphic characteristics indicate later growth at 30.6 ± 0.4 Ma. Monazite grains from a cross‐cutting post‐kinematic dyke within the core of the DNCV antiform provide a minimum age constraint of 25.2 ± 1.4 Ma for the termination of fabric development. A separate and significant episode of monazite growth at c. 83–69 Ma is suggested to be the result of fluid‐assisted recrystallization following the emplacement of magmatic units.