小兴安岭鹿鸣大型钼矿LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb和辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

鹿鸣钼矿是小兴安岭地区于近年发现的大型斑岩型钼矿床。为探讨研究区成岩成矿关系及其地质意义,在对矿化特征分析的基础上,采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb技术对鹿鸣地区含矿二长花岗岩测年,获得成岩年龄为 (187.1±1.2) Ma (n=15, MSWD=0.70) 。通过辉钼矿样品Re-Os同位素分析,获得等值线年龄为(177.4±3.5) Ma (n=11, MSWD=0.71) ,加权平均年龄为(178.08±0.79) Ma (n=11,MSWD=0.46)。两种方法获得的年龄大致相近,表明它们形成于同一成岩成矿系统。鹿鸣钼矿成岩成矿年龄,与乌奴格吐山铜钼矿、兰家沟钼矿和杨家杖子钼矿等矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄相近,表明包括小兴安岭地区在内的我国东北地区广泛存在早侏罗世岩浆-成矿作用。微量元素和同位素指纹显示,鹿鸣钼矿形成于地壳挤压向拉伸转换的构造环境,成矿物质为壳幔混合来源。     

Origin of highly siderophile and chalcogen element fractionations in the components of unequilibrated H and LL chondrites

Osmium isotopic compositions, abundances of highly siderophile elements (HSE: platinum group elements, Re and Au), the chalcogen elements S, Se and Te and major and minor elements were analysed in physically separated size fractions and components of the ordinary chondrites WSG 95300 (H3.3, meteorite find) and Parnallee (LL3.6, meteorite fall). Fine grained magnetic fractions are 268-65 times enriched in HSE compared to the non-magnetic fractions. A significant deviation of some fractions of WSG 95300 from the 4.568 Ga ¹⁸⁷Re-¹⁸⁷Os isochron was caused by redistribution of Re due to weathering of metal. HSE abundance patterns show that at least four different types of HSE carriers are present in WSG 95300 and Parnallee. The HSE carriers display (i) CI chondritic HSE ratios, (ii) variable Re/Os ratios, (iii) lower than CI chondritic Pd/Ir and Au/Ir and (iv) higher Pt/Ir and Pt/Ru than in CI chondrites. These differences between components clearly indicate the loss of refractory HSE carrier phases before accretion of the components. Tellurium abundances correlate with Pd and are decoupled from S, suggesting that most Te partitioned into metal during the last high-temperature event. Tellurium is depleted in all fractions compared to CI chondrite normalized Se abundances. The depletion of Te is likely associated with the high temperature history of the metal precursors of H and LL chondrites and occurred independent of the metal loss event that depleted LL chondrites in siderophile elements. Most non-magnetic and slightly magnetic fractions have S/Se close to CI chondrites. In contrast, the decoupling of Te and Se from S in magnetic fractions suggests the influence of volatility and metal-silicate partitioning on the abundances of the chalcogen elements. The influence of terrestrial weathering on chalcogen element systematics of these meteorites appears to be negligible.     

Magmatic hydrothermal origin of the Hadamengou-Liubagou Au-Mo deposit,Inner Mongolia,China: Constrains on geology,stable and Re-Os isotopes

The Hadamengou-Liubagou Au-Mo deposit is the largest gold deposit in Inner Mongolia of North China. It is hosted by amphibolite to granulite facies metamorphic rocks of the Archean Wulashan Group. To the west and north of the deposit, there occur three alkaline intrusions, including the Devonian-Carboniferous Dahuabei granitoid batholith, the Triassic Shadegai granite and the Xishadegai porphyritic granite with molybdenum mineralization. Over one hundred subparallel, sheet-like ore veins are confined to the nearly EW-trending faults in the deposit. They typically dip 40° to 80° to the south, with strike lengths from hundreds to thousands of meters. Wall rock alterations include potassic, phyllic, and propylitic alteration. Four distinct mineralization stages were identified at the deposit, including K-feldspar-quartz-molybdenite stage (I), quartz-pyrite-epidote/chlorite stage (II), quartz-polymetallic sulfide-gold stage (III), and carbonate-sulfate-quartz stage (IV). Gold precipitated mainly during stage III, while Mo mineralization occurred predominantly in stage I. The δD_H2O and δ¹⁸O_H2O values of the ore-forming fluids range from −125‰ to −62‰ and from 1.4‰ to 7.5‰, respectively, indicating that the fluids were dominated by magmatic water with a minor contribution of meteoric water. The δ¹³C_PDB and δ¹⁸O_SMOW values of hydrothermal carbonate minerals vary from −10.3‰ to −3.2‰ and from 3.7‰ to 15.3‰, respectively, suggesting a magmatic carbon origin. The δ³⁴S_CDT values of sulfides from the ores vary from −21.7‰ to 5.4‰ and are typically negative (mostly −20‰ to 0‰). The wide variation of the δ³⁴S_CDT values, the relatively uniform δ¹³C values of carbonates (typically −5.5‰ to −3.2‰), as well as the common association of barite with sulfides suggest that the minerals were precipitated under relatively high fo₂ conditions, probably in a magmatic fluid with δ³⁴S_ƩS ≈ 0‰. The Re-Os isotopic dating on molybdenite from Hadamengou yielded a weighted average age of 381.6 ± 4.3 Ma, indicating that the Mo mineralization occurred in Late Devonian. Collectively, previous ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar and Re-Os isotopic dates roughly outlined two ranges of mineralizing events of 382–323 Ma and 240–218 Ma that correspond to the Variscan and the Indosinian epochs, respectively. The Variscan event is approximately consistent with the Mo mineralization at Hadamengou-Liubagou and the emplacement of the Dahuabei Batholith, whereas the Indosinian event roughly corresponds to the possible peak Au mineralization of the Hadamengou-Liubagou deposit, as well as the magmatic activity and associated Mo mineralization at Xishadegai and Shadegai. Geologic, petrographic and isotopic evidence presented in this study suggest that both gold and molybdenum mineralization at Hadamengou-Liubagou is of magmatic hydrothermal origin. The molybdenum mineralization is suggested to be associated with the magmatic activity during the southward subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean beneath the North China Craton (NCC) in Late Devonian. The gold mineralization is most probably related to the magma-derived hydrothermal fluids during the post-collisional extension in Triassic, after the final suturing between the Siberian and NCC in Late Permian.     

赣西北大雾塘钨矿区地质特征及Re-Os同位素年代学研究

通过对大湖塘钨矿田的大雾塘钨矿区辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年代学的研究,测得辉钼矿的w(Re)为0.3368×10~(-6)~8.256×10~(-6),获得的5个模式年龄比较一致,介于(136.6±2.2)Ma~(138.4±2.4)Ma,加权平均年龄为(137.7±2.7)Ma(MSWD=0.07)。将5个模式年龄进行等时线年龄计算,获得一条相关性较好的~(187)Re-~(187)Os等时线,计算得到辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为(137.9±2.0)Ma(MSWD=0.20),与加权平均年龄一致,可代表辉钼矿的形成年龄。结合石门寺和狮尾洞矿区典型矿床地质、地球化学特征和成岩作用时空关系,认为大雾塘矿床的形成是大湖塘钨矿田的第二期次(140 Ma)大规模成矿作用的产物,2期成矿作用可能是大湖塘钨矿田巨量成矿元素堆积的重要原因之一。     

海南省新村钼矿床LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb和辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

新村钼矿床是海南省近年来发现的具中型规模的钼矿床。文章对赋矿二长花岗岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年,获得~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为(102.0±1.5)Ma(MSWD=2.3);对辉钼矿进行Re-Os同位素定年,获得5件样品的模式年龄范围为(97.29±1.43)Ma~(98.52±1.55)Ma,加权平均年龄为(97.84±0.64)Ma,等时线年龄为(98.90±3.40)Ma,成岩年龄与成矿年龄在误差范围内一致。辉钼矿的Re含量和锆石Hf同位素特征指示新村钼矿的成岩成矿物质来自于壳幔混源。新村钼矿床的成岩成矿年龄与海南岛最重要的钼成矿期(95~105 Ma)一致,属中国东部早白垩世晚期—晚白垩世早期钼成矿事件的一部分,与该时期岩石圈大规模拉伸减薄、软流圈上涌及强烈壳-幔作用密切相关。     

广东锡坪钼铜多金属矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年及其地质意义

广东锡坪钼铜多金属矿床位于钦杭成矿带的西南端,为一大型的斑岩型矿床。本文利用辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年方法对锡坪钼铜多金属矿床4件辉钼矿样品进行了成矿年代学测定,获得的模式年龄为85.15~88.34Ma,加权平均值为86.1±2.3Ma,对应的等时线年龄为89.9±3.4Ma,模式年龄和等时线年龄结果在误差范围内基本一致,指示锡坪钼铜多金属矿床的成矿时限为晚白垩世。锡坪钼铜多金属矿辉钼矿样品的Re含量较低,表明其成矿物质可能主要来自于壳源。钦杭成矿带成岩成矿作用以中生代燕山期为主,存在180~150Ma、110~80Ma两个爆发期,两期成岩成矿作用可能均与太平洋板块的俯冲有一定的关系。锡坪钼铜多金属矿床是在岩石圈伸展减薄环境下发生的大规模成矿作用的产物。     

铼-锇同位素体系定年研究综述

铼-锇(Re-Os)同位素体系以其特殊的地球化学性质为确定岩石的形成时间、演化过程及其地球动力学背景提供了重要参数。随着测试技术和超净化实验室的发展,Re-Os同位素的应用领域不断扩大,测试对象种类也随之扩展。然而,不同测试对象的Re-Os同位素赋存形式、活动特征及其体系封闭性有所差异。文章总结了以辉钼矿、普通硫化物、地幔橄榄岩包体、富有机质沉积岩以及灰岩作为Re-Os同位素体系定年对象的基本原理和研究进展,并对存在问题进行简要地评述,最后对其未来的发展方向作了展望,以期推动Re-Os同位素体系在地质科学中的研究和应用。     

巴尔喀什成矿带阿克沙套云英岩型钨钼矿床地质特征与铼-锇同位素测年分析

哈萨克斯坦阿克沙套大型钨钼矿床处于中亚成矿域巴尔喀什成矿带内。该矿床为云英岩型浸染状矿床, 具有云英岩型矿床的典型矿物组合、围岩蚀变、矿体形态和结构构造。矿区产出有伟晶岩、石英长石脉, 含有钨钼矿、石英和黄玉云英岩矿体等。本文对阿克沙套钨钼矿床辉钼矿样品进行了铼-锇同位素分析, 得到辉钼矿模式年龄(平均值)为289.3 Ma, 处在早二叠世。分析认为, 阿克沙套云英岩型钨钼成矿作用是晚石炭世中亚成矿域大规模斑岩型铜钼成矿作用延续的结果, 属中亚造山带海西晚期构造-岩浆活动的产物。      

东秦岭寨凹钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄及熊耳期成矿事件

河南寨凹钼矿床位于东秦岭钼矿带,是近年来新发现的脉状钼矿床.9件辉钼矿样品Re-Os模式年龄介于1603.1±10.8～2031.9±10.2Ma,其中7件样品给出了精确的等时线年龄为1762±31Ma(1σ误差,MSWD=3.6),模式年龄的加权平均值为1753±26Ma(1σ误差,MSWD=3.2),表明寨凹钼矿形成于古元古代或熊耳期,代表着～1.76Ga左右的钼成矿事件.根据区域地质演化,认为寨凹钼矿形成于与熊耳群弧火山岩建造相当的活动大陆边缘岩浆弧背景.寨凹矿床的发现表明,熊耳期成矿事件虽遭受后期多次增生和碰撞造山作用的改造和破坏,但仍可在秦岭造山带最北部保留.     

海南省保亭县新村钼矿地质特征及成因探讨

新村钼矿位于海南省保亭县境内,是在海南省发现的又一个达中型规模的钼矿床。矿体主要赋存在次火山岩带中,矿石类型主要有细脉浸染型和石英脉型两种。辉钼矿Re-Os测年研究获得95.6±0.89~97.8±0.5 Ma和112.3±4.2 Ma的模式年龄,表明矿区可能经历两期矿化,它们可能分别与保城岩体侵位和火山活动有关。硫同位素研究显示,主要的硫源为岩浆源。通过地质资料综合分析,表明新村钼矿为次火山岩容矿,为岩浆后期热液作用形成的热液脉型钼矿床。