南秦岭西乡群锆石SHRIMP U—Pb年龄及其构造地质意义

2009年陕西省地质志修编项目组,重点对出露于西乡县城东孙家河附近,南秦岭西乡群孙家河组英安质火山熔岩进行了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb同位素年代学和岩石化学、稀土元素、微量元素等方面的研究,获得了新的同位素年龄为814.8±5.2 Ma。认为该岛弧火山系的形成时代为青白口纪晚期,属晋宁期古扬子板块西缘与青康滇古板块汇聚的产物,为研究南秦岭扬子陆块过渡基底的形成时代,提供了有力的佐证。对进一步详细研究扬子陆块Rodinia超大陆汇聚时限及秦岭造山带的构造演化提供了新的时代证据,具有重要的地质构造意义。     

陆相断陷盆地深部碎屑岩成岩演化及控制因素:以东营断陷盆地古近系孔店组为例

通过岩石薄片、扫描电镜、镜质体反射率、X衍射、物性分析等资料,对东营断陷盆地古近系孔店组成岩演化及控制因素进行详细研究。研究结果表明:东营断陷盆地孔店组典型成岩现象有强烈压实作用、硬石膏胶结、多期次碳酸盐胶结、多期次粘土矿物胶结、硅质强烈胶结、矿物强烈穿插交代、碎屑颗粒和胶结物的溶解作用;其中,压实作用是引起深部碎屑岩强烈致密化的主要原因;硬石膏胶结、碳酸盐胶结、硅质胶结是引起致密化的又一重要原因;长石、碳酸盐胶结物的溶解作用是引起该地区储层改善的主要成岩因素;成岩演化经历了准同生期-中成岩B期,部分达到晚成岩期的演化过程,成岩演化过程控制了深部碎屑岩孔隙演化;并推断原始干旱-半干旱沉积环境、基准面变化、深埋藏环境、构造-岩浆活动是控制成岩及孔隙演化的主要因素。     

冀西北赤城-宣化盆地土城子组沉积特征及盆缘构造分析

为了揭示华北北部晚侏罗世沉积盆地性质,对赤城-宣化盆地中土城子组沉积特征及盆缘构造进行了研究。通过对土城子组沉积特征研究表明,土城子组中-下部为一套河湖相沉积,上部为一套冲积扇粗碎屑沉积;土城子组砾岩成分系统统计分析显示,赤城盆地与宣化-下花园盆地具有相似岩屑岩性相旋回,反映源区具有相同或相近的蚀顶过程。研究区晚侏罗世盆地中土城子组充填特征及盆缘构造特征表明,土城子组形成于挤压构造背景,土城子组沉积时期盆地受控于盆缘逆冲断层。大地构造背景暗示,赤城-宣化盆地晚侏罗世-早白垩世期间,古太平洋板块向NW方向的俯冲作用与尚义-赤城断裂向南逆冲并伴随右旋走滑作用是土城子组沉积时期盆地格局形成的重要控制因素。     

Facies of slurry-flow deposits, Britannia Formation (Lower Cretaceous), North Sea: implications for flow evolution and deposit geometry

ABSTRACT Mud‐rich sandstone beds in the Lower Cretaceous Britannia Formation, UK North Sea, were deposited by sediment flows transitional between debris flows and turbidity currents, termed slurry flows. Much of the mud in these flows was transported as sand‐ and silt‐sized grains that were approximately hydraulically equivalent to suspended quartz and feldspar. In the eastern Britannia Field, individual slurry beds are continuous over long distances, and abundant core makes it possible to document facies changes across the field. Most beds display regular areal grain‐size changes. In this study, fining trends, especially in the size of the largest grains, are used to estimate palaeoflow and palaeoslope directions. In the middle part of the Britannia Formation, stratigraphic zones 40 and 45, slurry flows moved from south‐west and south towards the north‐east and north. Most zone 45 beds lens out before reaching the northern edge of the field, apparently by wedging out against the northern basin slope. Zone 40 and 45 beds show downflow facies transitions from low‐mud‐content, dish‐structured and wispy‐laminated sandstone to high‐mud‐content banded units. In zone 50, at the top of the formation, flows moved from north to south or north‐west to south‐east, and their deposits show transitions from proximal mud‐rich banded and mixed slurried beds to more distal lower‐mud‐content banded and wispy‐laminated units. The contrasting facies trends in zones 40 and 45 and zone 50 may reflect differing grain‐size relationships between quartz and feldspar grains and mud particles in the depositing flows. In zones 40 and 45, quartz grains average 0·30–0·32 mm in diameter, ≈ 0·10 mm coarser than in zone 50. The medium‐grained quartz in zones 40 and 45 flows may have been slightly coarser than the associated mud grains, resulting in the preferential deposition of quartz in proximal areas and downslope enrichment of the flows in mud. In zone 50 flows, mud was probably slightly coarser than the associated fine‐grained quartz, resulting in early mud sedimentation and enrichment of the distal flows in fine‐grained quartz and feldspar. Mud particles in all flows may have had an effective grain size of ≈ 0·25 mm. Both mud content and suspended‐load fallout rate played key roles in the sedimentation of Britannia slurry flows and structuring of the resulting deposits. During deposition of zones 40 and 45, the area of the eastern Britannia Field in block 16/26 may have been a locally enclosed subbasin within which the depositing slurry flows were locally ponded. Slurry beds in the eastern Britannia Field are ‘lumpy’ sheet‐like bodies that show facies changes but little additional complexity. There is no thin‐bedded facies that might represent waning flows analogous to low‐density turbidity currents. The dominance of laminar, cohesion‐dominated shear layers during sedimentation prevented most bed erosion, and the deposystem lacked channel, levee and overbank facies that commonly make up turbidity current‐dominated systems. Britannia slurry flows, although turbulent and capable of size‐fractionating even fine‐grained sediments, left sand bodies with geometries and facies more like those deposited by poorly differentiated laminar debris flows.     

新疆尼勒克县巴斯尔干地区植物化石的发现及意义

新疆尼勒克县巴斯尔干地区有一套棕黄、褐红色砂砾岩，过去仅采获硅化木化石，根据岩性对比将其归属早白垩世．根据最近采获的植物化石资料，论证了该区巴斯尔干组地质年代为二叠纪乐平世．岩石地层单位称巴斯尔干组。     

顶山地区乌伦古河组铀成矿水文地质条件分析

本从区域水地质及构造特征出发，分析了顶山地区乌伦古河组铀成矿水地质条件总结了该地区铀成矿模式，并对该地区铀成矿前景做出预测。     

塔河油田上奥陶统良里塔格组储层特征及控制因素

塔河油田勘探表明,上奥陶统良里塔格组是潜在勘探层位.通过岩心、测井、薄片、物性、钻井和生产测试等资料综合分析,认为良里塔格组具两套岩性组合,顶部和底部为浅水高能沉积,中间为深水低能沉积,物性比中下奥陶统差,渗透率非均质性较强,主要受泥质条带和裂缝影响.储集空间主要包括溶蚀孔隙、溶蚀孔洞和裂缝3类.储层类型有孔隙-裂缝型和孔洞-裂缝型两类,后者是主要储层类型.储集空间形成主要受同生期和表生期岩溶作用、埋藏溶蚀作用和断裂作用4个因素控制,其中断裂作用是良里塔格组储层形成和分布的主控因素.     

金岭寺—羊山盆地北票组烃源岩特征

通过对采集的岩样进行地球化学综合分析,得出金羊盆地北票组为盆地主要烃源岩,为盆地油气生成提供了物质基础;北票组烃源岩有机质丰度不高,属差一中等烃源岩;干酪根类型以腐殖型为主,成烃母质为陆地高等植物：金羊盆地北票组烃源岩已经进入成烃门限．并处于成熟阶段中的低成熟到中成熟阶段。     

湘中南二叠系孤峰组硅质岩的成因属性及其地球动力学指示意义

华南二叠系底部的硅质岩及同一层位对应于华南重要的地幔强活动期和成矿期，有非常重要的动力学指示意义。研究表明，孤峰组剖面的岩性可划分为三段：泥页岩段、厚层状硅质岩段和薄层状硅质岩段。沿剖面自下而上，Al2O3、K2O和TiO2含量逐渐降低，MnO、TFe等组分逐渐升高；稀土元素显示出一定的铈负异常，∑REE偏低，且向上∑REE逐渐减少而HREE／LREE逐渐增高；一些热水沉积诊断性微量元素如As、Sb、Hg等也显示出一定程度的异常。这些特征均表明硅质岩的成岩过程中包含有正常沉积和热水沉积的共同作用，且自下而上热水沉积作用逐渐增强的趋势。这种成岩作用的演化特征，代表了下扬子地台拉张裂陷盆地对晚古生代伸展背景的沉积响应，对于探讨裂谷盆地阶段性发育的动力学特征有一定的指示意义。     

准噶尔盆地腹部车—莫古隆起中段头屯河组存在证据及其研究意义

准噶尔盆地腹部中晚侏罗世发育的车-莫古隆起形成诸多类型的地层圈闭,是油气运移的长期有利指向区,研究区目的层段(J/K不整合面附近)是否存在头屯河组对本区勘探很有意义.基于单井岩性电性组合特征、古生物、粘土矿物、地层接触关系等方面的资料,发现车-莫古隆起中段白垩系底界面下普遍发育的红层段是头屯河组的特征标志层,具有头屯河组特有的Classopollis-Quadraeculina-Piceaepollenites孢粉组合,粘土矿物组合上具有富含伊利石、不含或含少量高岭石的特征而区别于较富含伊利石、高岭石的下部层段,连井地层对比及地震剖面标定也表明车-莫古隆起中段存在较薄层头屯河组分布的平台区.这一新认识对本区圈闭评价和成藏条件评价等有指导作用.