区域物流中心(城市)空间体系及驱动机理研究

物流中心城市空间体系是指在一定地域范围内以物流枢纽城市为核心,以具有经济优势和物流组织条件的边缘城市为支持而构成的空间有机体。本文以安徽省为例证,建立物流巾心（城市）模糊区间层次（IGJAHP）综合评判模型,测算安徽省17个城市的物流发展水平,评判物流中心（城市）的等级;探讨物流中心（城市）的功能及发展模式;在此基础上,引用“轴-辐（hub—and—spokes）”空间理论,构筑以芜湖-合肥为双核心,以蚌埠、阜阳、安庆等为支持的区域物流中心HS空间格局;最后,从商流中心、交通网络、内外部经济效益以及物流技术等诸方面,探讨物流中心（城市）空间体系演进的驱动机理,以期推动安徽省区域物流的发展。     

北康-曾母盆地中中新世以来层序地层样式特征探讨

开展地震资料解释,分析上超、下超、顶超等地震反射终止关系、不整合面以及沉积趋势,识别出北康-曾母盆地中中新世以来14个三级层序界面。在层序界面内部,通过层序地层内幕结构刻画和原形剖面恢复,并结合地层堆砌方式,在北康-曾母盆地中中新世以来的层序地层内,划分了海进、高位正常海退、强制海退和低位正常海退4种成因单元。通过进一步研究该4种成因单元内地层结构和相分布关系,提出北康-曾母盆地中中新世以来的3种层序地层样式,即陆架边缘富砂型三角洲进积楔、退积型生物礁和陆架边缘富砂-富泥型退积楔,其中,沉积物源供应量充足且可容空间减小时,发育富砂的三角洲进积楔,陆架边缘-斜坡-盆地区域发育含砂深水扇;而可容空间增量远大于沉积物供应量时,发育退积型生物礁和富砂-富泥退积楔,斜坡-盆地区域含砂深水扇欠发育。     

具有随机状态转移矩阵的Kalman滤波

讨论状态转移矩阵为随机性矩阵时的Kalman滤波方法,并给出滤波的具体算法及分析滤波的收敛特性和参数的取值范围。通过实际算例证实了该滤波方法的有效性。     

平原农区土地综合整治与乡村转型发展协同机制

平原农区是保障国家粮食安全的核心区,土地综合整治与乡村转型发展协同有利于缓解平原农区经济发展、耕地保护、生态保育等多重压力,保障乡村振兴政策落实。本文以“问题研判—策略梳理—机制构建—实证检验”为研究主线,探讨两者协同机制。研究表明：① 平原农区“三生”空间利用冲突显著,生产空间低值低效、生活空间无序空废、生态空间污损衰退共同制约乡村转型发展;② 面向土地价值提升、人居环境改善、产业融合发展的土地综合整治优化策略,有利于推动乡村转型发展;③ 新时期,土地综合整治由“以地为本”单要素调控转向“人、地、业、权”多要素协同综合整治,权利重组、空间重构、产业重塑是推动土地综合整治与乡村转型发展协同的核心机制;④ 平原农区典型地区禹城市,聚焦土地权属调整、空心村整治和现代产业培育,实现土地综合整治与乡村转型发展的协同推进。本文有利于深化平原农区人地系统科学新认知,为构建现代化国土空间治理体系和全面推进乡村振兴提供实践参考。     

Groundwater System Division and Description of Asia

Based on landform, climate, river system, geological structure and hydrogeological structure and from the perspective of systematology, the groundwater system of Asia can be divided into 36 secondary groundwater systems under 11 primary ones by the intercontinental scale. This forms part of the work of the groundwater series map of Asia, which is compiled according to groundwater system division and evaluation of the total amount and types of aquifer, reflecting the large-scale features of groundwater resources in Asia. Systematic profiling of groundwater in this way provides a scientific basis for groundwater exploitation planning and management in Asia, and avoiding disputes over groundwater resources and the environment among Asian countries.     

塔里木盆地塔北露头区的古岩溶发育模式

目前塔里木盆地海相碳酸盐岩的油气勘探已进入高峰期,为弥补钻井岩心资料不足,进一步认识井下岩溶发育规律及发育模式特征,开展塔北露头区奥陶系风化壳古岩溶缝洞系统发育特征及发育模式研究。研究表明,岩溶发育主要受控于岩性因素和不整合面,主要发育层位为一间房组地层;主要岩溶作用期为吐木休克组/一间房组沉积间断岩溶期。为井下岩溶缝洞系统的认识及岩溶地质模型的建立提供了重要理论依据。     

塔里木东风低空急流与南疆降水

中亚低涡是中亚干旱气候和独特地理结构背景下形成的具有区域特色的切断低涡系统,是影响中亚天气气候的重要天气系统。从20世纪60年代开始我国气象学者就关注并对其天气学特征进行了初步研究,直到2000年以后随着观测资料不断丰富和气象学理论发展,学者对中亚低涡定义、分类、活动特点、形成机制及其对新疆强降雨的影响进行了深入研究。本文梳理和总结了近20 a中亚低涡系统活动特征及其对新疆降雨影响研究,以及中亚低涡背景下典型暴雨天气环流配置和水汽特征、与暴雨和短时强降水相关的中尺度系统、暴雨多尺度天气系统协同作用等方面的进展,并提出需要进一步深入研究的科学问题。

     

南极两站X/L双频段遥感接收系统及研究应用

卫星遥感是南极研究的重要工具。2009年底和2010年初,我国南极长城、中山站的X/L双频段卫星遥感接收系统分别建成并投入使用,此系统可接收美国NASA的Terra和Aqua卫星的MODIS数据、NOAA系列卫星以及我国风云一号卫星的数据,实现了对南极地区天气、积雪、海冰以及南大洋海洋生态等的实时监测,并将在我国多个学科领域的南极研究中发挥重要作用。本文在说明了此卫星遥感接收系统的组成结构、运行方式和数据产品种类后,对此系统的使用情况做了一些介绍,对将使用此系统数据开展南极下降风、南极冰雪覆盖及反照率、南极大气和海洋数值模式等各领域的研究工作进行了初步探讨。     

海洋沉积地质过程模拟:性质与问题及前景

探讨了海洋沉积地质数值模拟的功能问题.地球科学研究以正演方法(以数值模拟为代表)和反演方法(以地层记录分析为代表)的结合为特征.数值模拟作为一种重要的研究工具,具有获得过程和机理分析结果、形成工作假说、指导现场观测和采样的作用.与此同时,在正反演交融中模型本身也得到了提高和完善.在海洋沉积地质领域,数值模拟在沉积物输运...     

Tracking the last sea-level cycle: seafloor morphology and shallow stratigraphy of the latest Quaternary New Jersey middle continental shelf

Seafloor geomorphology and surficial stratigraphy of the New Jersey middle continental shelf provide a detailed record of sea-level change during the last advance and retreat of the Laurentide ice sheet (120 kyr B.P. to Present). A NW–SE-oriented corridor on the middle shelf between water depths of 40 m (the mid-shelf “paleo-shore”) and 100 m (the Franklin “paleo-shore”) encompasses 500 line-km of 2D Huntec boomer profiles (500–3500 Hz), an embedded 4.6 km² 3D volume, and a 490 km² swath bathymetry map. We use these data to develop a relative stratigraphy. Core samples from published studies also provide some chronological and sedimentological constraints on the upper <5 m of the stratigraphic succession.The following stratigraphic units and surfaces occur (from bottom to top): (1) “R”, a high-amplitude reflection that separates sediment >46.5 kyr old (by AMS ¹⁴C dating) from overlying sediment wedges; (2) the outer shelf wedge, a marine unit up to 50 m thick that onlaps “R”; (3) “Channels”, a reflection sub-parallel to the seafloor that incises “R”, and appears as a dendritic system of channels in map view; (4) “Channels” fill, the upper portion of which is sampled and known to represent deepening-upward marine sediments 12.3 kyr in age; (5) the “T” horizon, a seismically discontinuous surface that caps “Channels” fill; (6) oblique ridge deposits, coarse-grained shelly units comprised of km-scale, shallow shelf bedforms; and (7) ribbon-floored swales, bathymetric depressions parallel to modern shelf currents that truncate the oblique ridges and cut into surficial deposits.We interpret this succession of features in light of a global eustatic sea-level curve and the consequent migration of the coastline across the middle shelf during the last 120 kyr. The morphology of the New Jersey middle shelf shows a discrete sequence of stratigraphic elements, and reflects the pulsed episodicity of the last sea-level cycle. “R” is a complicated marine/non-marine erosional surface formed during the last regression, while the outer shelf wedge represents a shelf wedge emplaced during a minor glacial retreat before maximum Wisconsin lowstand (i.e., marine oxygen isotope stage 3.1). “Channels” is a widespread fluvial subarial erosion surface formed at the late Wisconsin glacial maximum 22 kyr B.P. The shoreline migrated back across the mid-shelf corridor non-uniformly during the period represented by “Channels” fill. Oblique ridges are relict features on the New Jersey middle shelf, while the ribbon-floored swales represent modern shelf erosion. There is no systematic relationship between modern seafloor morphology and the very shallowly buried stratigraphic succession.