阜新家峪─北五台沟一带太古宙变质岩中石英应变特征浅析

家峪－北五台沟一带太古宙变质岩经过韧性剪切作用。变质岩中石英的应变特征揭示了该韧性剪切带各种因素的量，经分析计算差异应力为σ＿１－σ＿３＝１２２．８７ＭＰａ，最大剪切应力为τ＿（ｍａｘ）＝６１．４４ＭＰａ，剪切带的温度为５５Ｏ－６５０℃，剪切带形成深度为１８－２２ｋｍ，静压力即围压为４５０－６００ＭＰａ，弗林指数Ｋ＝０．４９－０．５０．经历三维应变，Ｘ轴增加６０％，Ｙ轴增加２５％，Ｚ轴缩短５０％，体积缩小３％，变形强度为Ｒ＝２．８３，应变速率为ε＝（４×１０￣（－９）－４×１０￣（－１０））／ｓ，变形比温度值为Ｔ／Ｔｍ＝０．９６－１．１３，等效粘滞度为（３．０７×１０￣（１０）－３．０７×１０￣（１１））ＭＰａ／ｓ。石英的应力结构发育。     

OSL quartz age underestimation due to unstable signal components

When measuring samples from southern Peru, we discovered an age offset between feldspar infrared-stimulated luminescence (IRSL) and quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages. This age offset was not only found in these particular samples but was also observed in samples from a range of geographical localities. Extensive analysis revealed that it is actually the quartz age that underestimates the true depositional age, and this is due to a very weak fast component combined with other thermally unstable OSL signal components. We discuss properties of these poorly behaving samples and how to detect such samples prior to the OSL single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) measurement. Finally, existing approaches to improve equivalent dose (D_e) determination are discussed for samples from southern Peru.     

石英中有害杂质元素分布特征和赋存状态及提纯方法

对石英原料的加工分选提纯,是获得高纯石英原料的主要途径,而有关对石英晶体中有害杂质的分选提纯,国内对这方面的工作较少。根据水晶、石英的ICP分析结果,对水晶石英晶体中的有害杂质元素主要种类、分布特征、在晶体中的赋存状态及提纯方法,分别进行了讨论。     

3D quantification of mineral components and porosity distribution in Westphalian C sandstone by microfocus X-ray computed tomography

Microfocus X-ray computed tomography (µCT) measurements were performed on deltaic sandstone samples from the diagenetically altered Westphalian C strata (Campine basin, north-east Belgium) in order to collect three dimensional data on mineral (quartz, kaolinite, ankerite, etc.) and porosity distribution. The acquired µCT data were compared with point counting results of stained impregnated thin-sections to qualify the sensitivity of µCT. Comparison between techniques shows positive results with regard to the quantification of main mineral phases such as quartz and ankerite, and porosity distribution. However, major discrepancies exist when studying the clay minerals. This can be explained by the influence of microporosity associated with these clay minerals, resulting in partial volume effects.     

Coupled trace element mobilisation and strain softening in quartz during retrograde fluid infiltration in dry granulite protoliths

This study focuses on the retrograde rheological and chemical evolution of quartz and the behaviour of quartzites during retrograde metamorphism following dry high grade metamorphism at 750°C, 7 kbar. SEM-CL and LA-HR-ICP-MS are applied to document quartz texture and chemistry, respectively. Four generations of quartz were distinguished by SEM-CL; Qz1, Qz2, Qz3 and Qz4. Qz1, brecciated and partly dissolved old grains, is enriched in B, Al and Ti when compared with the other types. Qz2, formed during brecciation and partial dissolution of Qz1, has low Al contents (<50 ppm) but, due to rutile inclusions, variable Ti contents when occurring in amphibolite (210–10 ppm) but more consistent values when occurring in quartzites (peak value 32 ppm). Qz3, dark grey luminescent quartz forming fluid migration channels (fluid pathways), has Ti < 5 ppm and Al contents below 10 ppm and B < 1 ppm. Qz4, comprises are group of quartz later than Qz3 filling micron thick cracks and pods with very low luminescent quartz, i.e. darker than Qz3. The textural and chemical evolution of quartz in our study is explained by two major influxes of aqueous fluids during regional uplift and retrogression. They facilitated rehydration and recrystallisation in the otherwise dry high grade quartzites. The first introduction of aqueous fluids was associated with brecciation of the high grade quartz (Qz1) and dissolution/precipitation of quartz (Qz2). Ti in quartz geothermometry (Wark and Watson, Contrib Mineral Petrol 152(6):637–652) gives 626°C in agreement with the retrograde PT-path deduced from phase diagrams. Later fluid influx associated with scapolitisation of amphibolite caused localised recrystallisation (Qz3) and alteration of biotite to muscovite along mm-wide fluid migration channels. During subsequent deformation, Qz3 deformed plastically and recovered by subgrain rotation recrystallisation (SGR), resulting in a reduction of grain size, whereas Qz1 quartz formed micro faults. Qz2 was plastic but did not experience SGR to the same degree as Qz3 quartz. Increased plasticity and recovery rates most likely relate to an increased H₂O fugacity and the depletion in trace elements of the quartz lattice by promoting strain softening processes dislocation climb and recovery. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

The effect of fluid composition on the behavior of well cemented, quartz-rich sandstone during faulting

Previous studies [O'Kane, A., Onasch, C.M., Farver, J., 2007. The role of fluids in low-temperature, fault-related deformation of quartz arenite. Journal of Structural Geology 29, 819--836; Cook, J., Dunne, W.M., Onasch, C.M., 2006. Development of a dilatant damage zone along a thrust relay in a low-porosity quartz arenite, Journal of Structural Geology 28, 776–792] found that quartz arenite within two fault zones in the Appalachian foreland thrust belt displays very different structural styles and histories despite deforming at similar pressures and temperatures during the Alleghanian orogeny. A comparison of the grain-scale deformation and fluid histories using transmitted and cathodoluminescence microscopy and fluid inclusion microthermometry, shows that fluid composition was a controlling factor for causing these differences. The Cove fault zone deformed in the presence of aqueous fluids, first a CaCl₂ brine and then an iron-rich fluid. The precipitation of quartz cement from the brine kept pace with brittle deformation, maintaining overall rock cohesion in the fault zone. The introduction of iron-rich fluids caused a switch from precipitation to dissolution of quartz, along with precipitation of goethite. In a damage zone along a backthrust in the Cave Mountain anticline, early deformation occurred in the presence of an aqueous fluid from which quartz was precipitated. The latest deformation, however, occurred in the presence of a methane-rich fluid, which inhibited the precipitation of quartz cement producing porous breccias and open fractures despite deformation at 6 km depth. Fluid composition not only affected cementation in the fault zones, but also the selection of grain-scale deformation mechanisms. Therefore, it is a controlling factor in determining the behavior and strength of these fault zones.     

大别造山带现今构造格局的形成——来自石英C轴组构的证据

石英C轴组构常常记录递进变形过程中晚期增量变形的构造特征,因而可以通过对大别造山带内岩石中石英C轴组构的分析来确定造山带构造变形历史中的晚期变形事件的运动学特征。本次工作在大别造山带各单元中采集了一系列样品,对其进行石英C轴组构分析。石英C轴组构结果表明,北淮阳带就位于同造山折返第一阶段,其运动型式为上盘向NW的剪切变形;南大别高压—超高压榴辉岩带与宿松杂岩带就位于同造山折返第二阶段,运动型式表现为上盘向SE的剪切变形;北大别带就位于早白垩世穹状隆升过程中。北大别带在穹状隆升过程中表现为上盘向NW的运动型式,在深部可能存在向NW方向的下地壳物质的塑性流动。     

Characters of fluid inclusions in quartz veins in pyroclastic rock of Budate Group, Hailar Basin

It was adopted that the fluorescence microscope, Gas-Flow Heating/Freezing System, Laser-Raman Spectroscopy, etc. are the multimedia techniques for analysing fluid inclusions of quartz veins in Budate Group, Hailar Basin.The results show that fluid inclusions in quartz veins are small (1 ～5 μm) monophase, two-phase (liquid+vapour)aqueous inclusions; the two-phase aqueous inclusions homogeniese to the liquid phase between 120 ～ 180℃, two Laser-Raman Spectroscopy show that both gas phase are enriched in CH4 (94.50% ～99.25% ) and C6H6 (0.75% ～2.70%), under these conditions, inclusions may have come from juvenile fliud followingly the quartz veins formation.While the quartz veins exhibiting different striking luminescence has been proved by cathodoluminescence, it would be belong to secondary hydrocarbon inclusions. The oil inclusions of this stage represent mainly the large scale of oil accumulation, located within the quartz microfracture.     

大兴安岭南段内蒙古白音查干Sn多金属矿床石英斑岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学和Nd-Hf同位素特征及地质意义

白音查干矿床位于内蒙古自治区西乌珠穆沁旗,是大兴安岭南段新发现的一处大型Sn多金属矿床,也是该地区近些年来Sn矿找矿的重大突破。本文利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法首次测得与成矿有关的石英斑岩成岩年龄为141.7±0.8Ma至140.2±1.1Ma。这一年龄与区内其他Sn多金属矿床成矿岩体的成岩年龄范围基本一致,说明大兴安岭南段与Sn成矿作用有关的花岗质岩石主要形成于早白垩世(140Ma左右)。全岩主量、微量和稀土元素地球化学特征显示,石英斑岩具有较高的SiO_2含量(70.99%~76.98%)、FeOT/(FeOT+MgO)值(0.90~0.97)、FeOT/MgO值(9.45~36.3)及10000×Ga/Al值(5.9~8.2)和较低的MgO(0.13%~0.18%)、TiO_2(0.10%~0.12%)及P2O5含量(0.02%~0.03%);稀土元素总量较低,配分模式呈轻稀土元素富集和明显负δEu异常的特点;微量元素富集Rb、U、Ta、Nd、Hf等元素,亏损Ba、K、Sr、P、Ti等元素。以上这些特征均说明,石英斑岩具备A型花岗岩的特点。微量元素、全岩Nd同位素和锆石Hf同位素结果显示,岩石具有较高的εNd(t)(+3.6~+3.8)和εHf(t)(+8.2~+11.6)值以及年轻的二阶段模式年龄(t_(NdDM2)为0.63~0.62Ga;t_(HfDM2)为0.67~0.45Ga),说明石英斑岩可能为幔源新生地壳物质部分熔融的产物,并在岩浆演化过程中经历了结晶分异作用。结合区域地质特征、成岩年代学、岩石地球化学和Nd-Hf同位素数据可知,大兴安岭南段晚中生代与Sn成矿作用有关的花岗岩以源区富含大量幔源新生地壳物质为特点,主要形成于晚中生代软流圈上涌所导致的岩石圈伸展的背景下。     

石英中铝、钙和镁的纳米离子探针原位分析标准物质研究

石英胶结物是砂岩中重要的胶结物类型。用纳米离子探针(CAMECA Nano SIMS 50L)对石英胶结物中Al、Ca和Mg等重要微量元素进行原位分析,可为成岩作用研究提供重要基础依据。然而,由于缺乏相应的标准物质,一直不能对石英胶结物中Al、Ca和Mg进行研究。针对不均一的石英颗粒样品,文中采用细磨、混合、高温熔融(2000℃,6个小时)与快速冷却等措施,制作均一化的石英玻璃。经纳米离子探针验证,该石英玻璃中Al、Ca和Mg在亚微米尺度上是均一的,已能满足成岩作用研究的需要。随后,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱和激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱测定了石英玻璃中Al、Ca和Mg的含量。相对灵敏度因子分析显示,这些测试结果是协调、合理的。该均一化的石英玻璃可作为亚微米尺度Al、Ca和Mg原位分析的标准物质。