云南东川地区含金剪切带型金矿

云南东川地区含金剪切带型金矿，1995年11月由云南八0七队从蒋家湾开始发现首个金矿段，继而向北勘查扩大到七角地和新山矿段。随着勘查的深入及大比例尺地质图填制，证实该金矿处在剪切破碎带中，并具大型以上规模前景。特别是新山矿段中砂糖状石英脉的发现，和矿体顶板接触带构造透镜体、糜棱岩的存在，含金韧性剪切带型金矿的特征渐趋明朗。云南昆阳群中多处发现含金石英脉，从拖布卡金矿的事实，促使我们重新考虑其中是否亦有剪切带型金矿类型。观念的转变，有可能促进昆阳群找金的突破。     

云南香格里拉盖吉夏含矿石英二长闪长玢岩年代学、地球化学、锆石Hf同位素特征及其地质意义

盖吉夏铜多金属矿床位于香格里拉地区格咱斑岩带红山-普朗铜多金属成矿亚带北段,铜多金属矿化与石英二长闪长玢岩紧密相关。石英二长闪长玢岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为216.6±2.3Ma (MSWD=1.9),与区域上普朗、松诺、地苏嘎、雪鸡坪、春都等含矿斑岩体年龄一致。锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值分布范围为-1.55～3.27,平均为1.57,分布较集中;单阶段Hf模式年龄(t_(DM1))变化范围为733～918Ma,平均为795Ma,二阶段Hf模式年龄(t_(DM2))为923～1178Ma,平均为1015Ma,揭示其源区可能为亏损地幔或新生壳源物质。岩石SiO_2为61.08%～69.55%,Na_2O+K_2O为7.22%～7.82%,Na_2O/K_2O为0.87～1.87,具高钾钙碱性准铝质-弱过铝质(A/CNK=0.75-1.34)特征,岩石富集轻稀土元素[(La/Yb) N=13.35-24.85]和大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Pb等),相对亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素(Ti、Nb、P等),且具有高Sr(400×10~(-6)),低Y(18×10~(-6))、Yb(1.9×10~(-6))及高Sr/Y、La/Nb等特点,显示出正常弧岩浆系列钙碱性岩石特征,说明含矿石英二长闪长玢岩与岛弧环境密切相关。这种特征的花岗岩可能为盖吉夏的Cu成矿作用提供了重要的物质来源。     

山东牟乳石英脉型金矿流体成矿构造动力学研究

对金矿床地质地球化学和成矿流体及构造动力学研究认为,石英脉型金矿广泛发育围岩交代作用,在时间上遵循碱金属交代→Ｃａ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ中性交代→酸性交代的总体演化序列。与围岩的交代作用,沸腾作用引起的相分离和大气降水的加入所产生的混合稀释是成矿流体体系演化的主要途径,容矿断裂构造活动可划分为脆性破裂和韧脆性扩张两种动力学状态。成矿物质在非平衡和近平衡两种状态交替中分异结晶。流体演化与成矿动力耦合是形成金矿的主要机制。     

Pore water evolution in oilfield sandstones: constraints from oxygen isotope microanalyses of quartz cement

Oxygen isotope microanalyses of authigenic quartz, in combination with temperatures of quartz precipitation constrained by fluid inclusion microthermometry and burial history modelling, are employed to trace the origin and evolution of pore waters in three distinct reservoirs of the Brae Formation in the Miller and Kingfisher Fields (North Sea). Oxygen isotope ratios of quartz cements were measured in situ in nine sandstone thin sections with a Cameca ims-4f ion microprobe. In conjunction with quartz cement paragenesis in the reservoirs, constrained from textural and cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy studies, pore water evolution was reconstructed from the time of deposition of the sandstones in the Upper Jurassic until the present.CL photomicrographs of quartz overgrowths in the Brae Formation sandstones show three cement zones (A, B and C) which can be related to different oxygen isotope compositions: (1) the earliest, and thinnest, zone A (homogeneous CL pattern with probable δ¹⁸O values between +23‰ and +26‰—direct measurements were not possible) precipitated in the sandstones at temperatures <60 °C; (2) the second zone B (complex CL pattern and directly measured δ¹⁸O values between +15‰ and +18‰) precipitated in the sandstones most likely between 70 and 90 °C; (3) the third zone C (homogeneous CL pattern and directly measured δ¹⁸O values between +16‰ and +22‰) precipitated in the sandstones most likely at temperatures >90 °C. Calculated oxygen isotope compositions of pore waters show that zone A quartz cements, and enclosing concretionary calcite, precipitated from a meteoric-type fluid (∼−7‰) during shallow burial (<1.5 km). Zone B quartz cements precipitated from fluids which evolved in composition from a meteoric-type fluid (δ¹⁸O −7‰) to a more ¹⁸O-enriched fluid (δ¹⁸O −4‰) as burial continued to ∼3.0 km. Data from zone C quartz cements are consistent with further fluid evolution from δ¹⁸O −4‰ to basinal-type fluids with δ¹⁸O similar to the present-day formation water oxygen isotope composition (+0.6‰ at 4.0 km burial). A similar pore water evolution can be derived for all three reservoirs studied, indicating that hydrogeologic evolution was similar across sandstones of the whole Brae Formation.The quartz cement zones observed in the Brae Formation sandstones, and the pore water history derived for the area studied, is analogous to published petrographic and pore water evolution data from the nearby Brent Group reservoirs and from reservoirs located in the Haltenbanken area on the Atlantic margin offshore Norway. Considering quartz cement is a major porosity-occluding phase in many reservoir sandstones, and because pore waters both dissolve quartz and carry the dissolved silica to cementation sites, the data presented are valuable for improving the understanding and prediction of reservoir quality development in sandstones globally.     

Mineralogical and colour changes of quartz sandstones by heat

Seven German and three Hungarian monumental sandstones have been tested in laboratory conditions to analyse the effect of heat. The studied quartz sandstones have a wide-range of cements and grain-sizes including silica-, carbonate-, clay- and ferrous mineral—cemented varieties of fine-, medium- to coarse-grained types. Cylindrical specimens were heated up to 150, 300, 450, 600, 750 and 900°C in an oven. The mineralogical and textural changes were recorded and compared by using microscopy, XRD, DTA-DTG and SEM. Colours and colour differences (a*, b*, L* values) were also measured and evaluated. Colour changes are related to mineral transformations. The most intense colour change is caused by the oxidation of iron-bearing minerals to hematite that takes place up to 900°C. When temperature increases the green glauconite becomes brownish while the chlorite changes to yellowish at first. The colour of burnt sandstone is not a direct indicator of burning temperature, since there are sandstones in which the burnt specimens are lighter and less reddish than the natural ones. Porosity increase is related to micro-cracking at grain boundaries (above 600°C) and within the grains (at and above 750°C) and mineral transformations. The clay mineral structure collapses at different temperatures (kaolinite up to 600°C, chlorite above 600°C) and leads to a slight increase in porosity. The most drastic change is observed in calcite cemented sandstones where the carbonate structure collapses at 750°C and CaO appears at 900°C. Subsequently it is transformed to portlandite due to absorption of water vapour from the air. This leads to the disintegration of sandstone at room temperature a few days after the heat shock.Special issue: Stone decay hazards     

吉林省南部辉石花岗岩类的构造意义

吉林省南部辉石花岗岩类的Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ等时年龄为２４０±８０Ｍａ，Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时年龄为２３４３±１１５Ｍａ，分别代表岩浆结晶年龄和后期低角内岩相变质作用年龄。辉石花岗岩晚于英云闪长质片麻岩类和淡色块状花岗岩类，形成于太石宙末期，与地壳伸展崩落作用有关，可以作地壳克拉通化的标志。     

大庆岭金矿床石英的矿物学特征及其成因找矿意义

通过大庆岭金矿床中石英的成分、结构、热发光、爆裂测温分析,石英红外光谱特征的研究,认为石英中 Cu、Pb、Zn杂质含量高,晶胞参数大,热发光积分强度大,爆裂累计脉冲数高和红外吸收峰波数低时,标志着为富金的石英特征.     

地壳温压条件下迁安石英岩的非弹性变形

本文通过研究地壳温压条件下迁安石英岩非弹性变形特征和机制,着重阐述了这类岩石产生非弹性变形的能力和温度压力之间的关系,以及对岩石宏观失稳型式的影响。研究表明,温度和压力的升高将导致岩石中石英晶粒逐步转化为塑性组分,转化过程中伴随着岩石宏观非弹性变形的增强。宏观非弹性变形增强幅度和微观转化为塑性组分的石英晶粒含量满足一定的统计关系。当转化的塑性组分达到一定量级时,岩石的宏观力性和失稳型式将产生明显变化,变化的趋势是易于产生非弹性变形而渐进失稳     

Chemical textures on quartz grains: An experimental approach using salts

Two groups of fresh crushed Brazilian quartz grains (0.4–0.6 mm) were placed in 10 ml of various saturated salt solutions (sodium sulphate, sodium chloride, magnesium sulphate, sodium carbonate, and sodium carbonate and soil). One group was placed in an environmental cabinet programmed to simulate summer diurnal temperature and relative humidity values recorded in Wheeler Valley, a dry valley in southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. The other group was allowed to remain at normal laboratory conditions. Quartz grains from both groups were removed at pre-selected intervals for examination using the scanning electron microscope. After 50 hours chemical surface textures were formed on the quartz grains in all but the sodium sulphate solution. At the 140 hour interval all the salt solutions used were producing chemical surface textures on the quartz grains. This paper demonstrates that chemical surface textures can be produced on quartz grain surfaces by saturated salt solutions in a short period of time and may prove to be representative of chemical surface textures produced in a saturated saline environment.     

我国内陆沙漠与海岸沙丘石英颗粒表面结构的对比研究

本文通过扫描电镜分析，对我国内陆沙漠与海岸抄丘石英颗粒表面结构进行了对比研究。研究认为，无论是内陆沙漠砂或海岸沙丘砂，其石英颗粒都具有较好的磨圆度，表面有碟形坑、麻坑及ＳｉＯ＿２沉淀物等代表风成环境的典型特征；此外，还叠加有代表原生沙物质来源于水下环境的Ｖ型撞击坑、撞击沟等痕迹。然而，受环境尤其是气候影响，其表面结构特征仍有差异，表现在内陆干旱区大陆性气候的沙漠砂的风成机械作用和化学沉淀作用，都要比沿海湿润季风性气候的海岸沙丘砂强烈；但海岸沙丘砂的化学溶蚀作用却比内陆沙漠砂要明显。同属海岸抄丘环境，其石英颗粒表面结构特征表现为北方温带海岸沙丘砂的机械作用痕迹强；而南方热带海岸沙丘砂的化学作用痕迹发育，但机械作用痕迹并非少见，仍然十分明显。