近红外光谱矿物分析技术在帕南铜-钼-钨矿区蚀变矿物填图中的应用

帕南矿区位于西藏冈底斯成矿带东段泽当矿田,具有形成中-大型斑岩型铜钼钨矿床的有利地质条件.使用近红外光谱矿物分析技术在帕南矿区北部进行了蚀变矿物填图,地表主要蚀变类型为青磐岩化及绢英岩化,有小范围泥化现象,未见高级泥化和钾化蚀变.根据蚀变矿物填图结果,结合物探、化探异常分布,推断在平面上主要成矿中心位于本次测区南西部,...     

内蒙古敖仑花斑岩型钼铜矿床地质特征及成因探讨

敖仑花钼铜矿床是近年来新发现的大型斑岩型钼铜矿床,该矿床钼铜矿化多产于敖仑花岩体内及外接触带的角岩中,矿化类型主要为细脉浸染状。矿石矿物为辉钼矿、黄铜矿、黄铁矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿等。敖仑花岩体为中酸性的花岗闪长斑岩体,岩石SiO2、Al2O3、K、Na含量较高,Na2O/K2O比值在1.1～2.1之间,σ值在3～3.7之...     

Geochemical behavior and speciation modeling of rare earth elements in acid drainages at Sarcheshmeh porphyry copper deposit,Kerman Province,Iran

Acid mine drainage is a major source of water pollution in the Sarcheshmeh porphyry copper mine area. The concentrations of heavy metals and rare earth elements (REEs) in the host rocks, natural waters and acid mine drainage (AMD) associated with mining and tailing impoundments are determined. Contrary to the solid samples, AMDs and impacted stream waters are enriched in middle rare earth elements (MREEs) and heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) relative to light rare earth elements (LREEs). This behavior suggests that REE probably fractionate during sulfide oxidation and acid generation and subsequent transport, so that MREE and HREE are preferentially enriched. Speciation modeling predict that the dominant dissolved REE inorganic species are Ln³⁺, Ln(SO₄)₂⁻, LnSO₄⁺, LnHCO₃²⁺, Ln(CO₃)₂⁻ and LnCO₃⁺. Compared to natural waters, Sarcheshmeh AMD is enriched in REEs and SO₄²⁻. High concentrations of SO₄²⁻ lead to the formation of stable LnSO₄⁺, thereby resulting in higher concentrations of REEs in AMD samples. The model indicates that LnSO₄⁺ is the dissolved form of REE in acid waters, while carbonate and dicarbonate complexes are the most abundant dissolved REE species in alkaline waters. The speciation calculations indicate that other factors besides complexation of the REE's, such as release of MREE from dissolution and/or desorption processes in soluble salts and poorly crystalline iron oxyhydroxy sulfates as well as dissolution of host rock MREE-bearing minerals control the dissolved REE concentrations and, hence, the MREE-enriched patterns of acid mine waters.     

Fluid-assisted fracturing,cataclasis, and resulting plastic flow in mylonites from the Moresby Seamount detachment,Woodlark Basin

The Moresby Seamount detachment (MSD) in the Woodlark Basin (offshore Papua New Guinea) is a large active low-angle detachment excellently exposed at the seafloor, and cutting through mafic metamorphic rocks. Hydrothermal infiltration of quartz followed by that of calcite occurred during cataclastic deformation. Subsequent deformation of these a priori softer minerals leads to mylonite formation in the MSD. This study aims at a better understanding of the deformation mechanism switch from cataclastic to plastic flow. Deformation fabrics of the fault rocks were analyzed by light-optical microscopy. Rheologically critical phases were mapped to determine distributions and area proportions, and EBSD was used to measure crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO). Strong calcite CPOs indicate dominant dislocation creep. Quartz CPOs, however, are weak and more difficult to interpret, suggesting at least some strain accommodation by diffusion creep mechanisms. When quartz aggregates are intermixed with the polymineralic mylonite matrix diffusion creep grain boundary sliding may be dominant. The syntectonic conversion from mafic cataclasites to more siliceous and carbonaceous mylonites induced by hydrothermal processes is a critical weakening mechanism enabling the MSD to at least intermittently plastic flow at low shear stresses. This is probably a crucial process for the operation of low-angle detachments in hydrated and dominantly mafic crust.     

中国大陆斑岩铜矿若干问题

斑岩铜矿床的铜金属储量占世界的一半以上,是全球最具经济意义的矿床类型.中国大陆具有独特的地质演化历史,显生宙以来一系列构造-岩浆活动,促成了富水岩浆的浅成、超浅成侵位,为斑岩铜矿床的形成创造了有利的环境.文章立足于中国大陆的成矿地质背景,对中国大陆的斑岩铜矿床的时空分布再次进行了梳理和分析,在三大古板块边界控制成矿域的基本体制下,进一步强调次级“微板块”构造与斑岩铜矿床的成因联系,提出了“3大成矿域、7大成矿区”的区划方案,并以特提斯成矿域“陆缘增生-陆内深熔作用”为重点,探讨了具有中国大陆特色的板内成矿作用.     

内蒙古兴和县曹四夭特大型钼矿床辉钼矿铼 锇同位素年龄及…

内蒙古兴和县曹四夭矿床是迄今为止在我国北方找到的最大规模钼矿床,钼的资源量超过200万吨.考虑到大规模地质勘查工作仍在进行中,金属资源量和储量仍有较大提升空间.为了进一步查明曹四夭矿床的形成时间,对主要钼矿体4件辉钼矿样品进行了Re-Os同位素分析,所获同位素年龄值分别为131.9±2.3Ma、131.2±2.3Ma、129.7±2.0Ma和128.6±2.4Ma,平均值为130.4±2.4Ma,与花岗斑岩体锆石U-Pb年龄(134 ～ 131Ma)相近.根据岩(矿)体同位素年龄数据,并且结合辉钼矿呈浸染状和团块状分布于花岗斑岩株中,并且与部分硫化物呈共生结构关系的地质事实,可以推测曹四夭矿区含矿花岗斑岩株及有关钼矿床的形成时间均为早白垩世,属燕山期构造-岩浆活动的产物.曹四天钼矿床形成时代的厘定对于提高该矿床的理论研究水平和指导隐伏金属矿床的找矿勘查工作均具有重要意义.     

Hydrothermal Alteration Mapping in Northern Khur, Iran, Using ASTER Image Processing: a New Insight to the Type of Copper Mineralization

Eastern Iran has great potential for the discovery of different types of mineralization. The study area encompasses Tertiary magmatism in the northern Lut block located in northern Khur, South Khorasan, eastern Iran and is mostly covered by volcanic rocks, which are intruded by porphyritic subvolcanic intrusions in some places. Application of the spectral angle mapper (SAM) technique to Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) images detected sericitic, argillic, and propylitic alterations, silicification, and secondary iron oxides. The alteration is linear and associated within vein-type mineralization. Twelve prospective areas are selected for detailed exploration and based on our processing results, in addition to NW-SE faults, which are associated with Cu mineralization indications, NE-SW faults are also shown to be important. Based on the presence of subvolcanic rocks and numerous Cu ± Pb-Zn vein-type mineralizations, extensive alteration, high anomaly of Cu and Zn (up to 100 ppm), the age (43.6 to 31.4 Ma) and the initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio (0.7047 to 0.7065) of the igneous rocks, and the metallogenic epoch of the Lut block (middle Eocene-lower Oligocene) for the formation of porphyry Cu and epithermal deposits, the studied area shows great potential for porphyry copper deposits.     

新疆东戈壁钼矿床化探异常特征及找矿突破的关键思路

东戈壁钼矿床是西北地区探明的第一个特大型钼矿床,其成因类型为斑岩型钼矿床;控矿斑岩体为全隐伏的斑状花岗岩体。文章介绍了东戈壁钼矿的地球化学异常特征及基于地球化学异常特征对钼矿床成因类型的分析,利用与岩浆热液有关的氟、硼异常的存在判断深部隐伏斑岩体,以此确定找矿关键思路。     

浙江上虞横塘斑岩型铜钼矿区找矿潜力浅析

浙江上虞横塘铜钼矿是燕山期岩浆侵入中元古界片麻岩中成矿的,以往勘查显示其为一低品位小型斑岩型矿床,铜(钼)矿化呈细脉状、网脉状、薄膜状赋存于蚀变片麻岩中。在近年的地质勘查工作中,分析了成矿地质特征,重新评价了该区的找矿潜力,认为已知低品位矿体可能是典型斑岩铜钼矿床的浅部矿体,其深边部的找矿潜力较大,通过新一轮隐盲矿体勘查工作很有希望实现找矿突破。