湖北狮子立山锶(铅锌)矿区石英闪长玢岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其意义

湖北狮子立山锶(铅锌)矿床是我国重要的超大型锶矿床之一,产出于鄂东矿集区北部铁山岩体东缘的狮子立山岩体(主要为石英闪长玢岩)与三叠纪蒸发岩地层(嘉陵江组)的接触带或附近。本文对矿区内的石英闪长玢岩与成矿作用之间的关系和该岩体的年代学开展了详细的研究工作。结果表明,狮子立山岩体与锶矿成矿作用可能存在密切的联系,矿床中的部分Sr可能来自于石英闪长玢岩的强烈蚀变。锆石SHRIMP U-Pb的定年工作得到2个石英闪长玢岩样品的形成时代分别为138.6±0.8Ma和138.9±1.2Ma,二者在误差范围内基本一致,这些数据与前人获得的铁山岩体的成岩时代基本一致,暗示本次测得的石英闪长玢岩的样品年龄可靠性较高,且很可能与铁山岩体是同一地质背景下的产物,即形成于区域晚侏罗-早白垩世岩石圈由挤压到伸展的转换环境。狮子立山岩体的侵位地层及矿床中硫同位素组成的特征与程潮和金山店矽卡岩型铁矿具有明显的相似性,暗示在狮子立山矿床附近具有寻找矽卡岩型铁矿床的潜力。     

The use of microstructures for discriminating turbiditic and hemipelagic muds and mudstones

The microstructures of turbiditic and hemipelagic muds and mudstones were investigated using a scanning electron microscope to determine whether there are microstructural features that can differentiate turbiditic from hemipelagic sedimentary processes. Both types of muddy deposits are, in general, characterized by randomly‐oriented clay particles. However, turbiditic muds and mudstones also characteristically contain aggregates of ‘edge‐to‐face’ contacts between clay particles with long‐axis lengths of up to 30 μm. Based on observations of the clay fabric of the experimentally‐formed muds settled from previously agitated muddy fluids, these types of aggregates, hereafter referred to as ‘aggregates of clay particles’, are interpreted as having been formed by the collision of component flocs in turbulent fluids. Furthermore, some aggregates of clay particles have ‘face‐to‐face’ contacts between clay particles; this is similar to face‐to‐face aggregates characteristically developed in fluid‐mud deposits that are commonly recognized only in turbiditic mudstones, indicating the possibility of a final stage of deposition under highly‐dense conditions, such as temporary fluid muds. In conjunction with earlier proposed lithofacies‐based and ichnofacies‐based criteria, aggregates of clay particles should be useful for the differentiation of turbiditic and hemipelagic muddy deposits, particularly with limited volumes of non‐oriented samples from deep‐water successions.     

Influence of Changes in the Prevailing Synoptic Conditions on the Response of Aerosol Characteristics to Land- and Sea-Breeze Circulations at a Coastal Station

The changes in the response of near surfaceaerosol properties to land- and sea-breezecirculations, associated with the changes in the prevailing synoptic meteorological conditions, are examined for a tropical coastal station. Aerosol properties are nearly similar in both the breeze regimes (land and sea) during seasons of marine airmass while they are distinct during seasons of continental airmass. As the prevailing winds shift from continental to marine and the ambient weather changes from winter conditions to the humid monsoon season, the submicron mode, which dominated the aerosol mass-size distribution, is largely suppressed and the dominance of the super micron mode increases. During periods of continental air mass (winter), the aerosol loading is significantly higher in the land-breeze regime, (particularly in the submicron range) but as the winds shift to marine, the loading initially becomes insensitive to the breeze regimes and later becomes higher in the sea-breeze regime, particularly in the super micron range.     

石英变形纹NDA技术在控矿构造研究中的应用

本文以辽宁兰家沟钼矿床为例，说明了石英变形纹数字动力学分析（ＮＤＡ）技术的原理、方法及其在控矿构造研究中的应用。在弱变形情况下，该技术能够较为快速、定量地提供控矿古构造应力场的有关信息。应用效果与构造岩结构及定向薄片产状有很大关系。     

A natural example of crystal-plastic deformation enhancing the incorporation of water into quartz

Water content of quartz in and around a greenschist facies mylonitic shear zone located in the western Adirondacks was analyzed by micro-FTIR spectroscopy. The shear zone is within a pegmatitic dike, which cuts across a granitic gneiss. The thickness of the shear zone varies along strike from 15 cm wide and encompassing all of the pegmatite dike at its northern most exposure to 5 cm wide approximately 10 m south, along strike. Microstructures, including quartz ribbons and recrystallized grains, indicate quartz and feldspar within the mylonite underwent dislocation creep. Infrared spectral analysis was carried out using a Nicolet micro-FTIR on mylonitic quartz ribbons, pegmatitic quartz and gneissic quartz. A small aperture size (56 μm by 50 μm) for the IR beam allowed optically clear regions of the quartz grains to be analyzed without any contribution from grain boundaries. The smallest dimension of the quartz ribbons is 0.3 mm, whereas the pegmatitic quartz has a grain size of 3 to 5 cm. Results show mylonitic quartz ribbons contain the most water (320 H:10⁶ Si average, range of 50 to 1120 H:10⁶ Si); pegmatite quartz contains much less water (30 H:10⁶ Si average, range of 20–40 H:10⁶ Si) and the gneissic quartz contained an intermediate amount (200 H:10⁶ Si average, range of 20 to 870 H:10⁶ Si). These data indicate that water was preferentially incorporated into the deformed quartz ribbons.     

Structural controls on orogenic gold mineralisation in the Klondike goldfield,Canada

The Klondike Schist that forms the basement rocks for the famous Klondike placer goldfield was emplaced as km-scale thrust slices in Early Jurassic time, along with some thin (10 to 30 m-scale) slices of greenstone and ultramafic rocks. Permian metamorphic fabrics in the schists were deformed during thrust emplacement by structures formed as the rocks passed through the brittle–ductile transition. Early-formed thrust-related structures were almost-pervasive recumbent folds that affected both the schist and greenstone/ultramafic slices and imposed a spaced cleavage with minor recrystallisation of micas. These structures gave way to shallow-dipping phacoidal cleavage near (within <100 m of) thrust structures. Thrust-related structures have been overprinted locally by well-defined steeply dipping reverse fault-fold zones, and associated upright folding on regional (km) to mesoscopic (m) scales. The fold-fault zones occur as two orthogonal sets of structures oriented NW to N and NE to E. Some of these steeply dipping fault zones have been reactivated by Late Cretaceous normal faulting. Orogenic (mesothermal) gold-bearing veins were emplaced in local sites of extension during or after formation of the compressional fault-fold zones and before normal fault reactivation. Over 400 veins (m to cm-scale) observed in this study imply a general NW strike for mineralised structures (W to N), but with a broad scatter of orientations. Vein emplacement was controlled principally by fold axial surfaces of kink folds of the fault-fold generation. However, some other local extension sites have opened along preexisting structures to host veins locally, including metamorphic foliation and spaced cleavage planes. In addition, irregular extensional fractures with no obvious structural control host some veins. The Klondike mineralised veins formed as swarms with broad regional structural control, but represent relatively diffuse mineralised zones, with numerous scattered small veins, compared to most orogenic vein systems. These diffuse vein swarms appear to be sufficient sources for the rich and geographically localised placer gold deposits that formed in overlying gravels during erosion of the Klondike Schist basement.     

汉寿高仑山石英岩矿床地质特征及开发前景

高仑山沉积-变质石英岩矿床产于岩坝桥岩体北东外蚀变带,是省内新型硅石矿床类型。它系灯影组硅质岩受岩体热液蚀变形成。矿石矿物成分98—99％为石英。大型矿床规模。原矿经破碎水洗法选矿后,精矿含SiO_2 99.16％,质量达优质型砂。目前产品暂应用于铸造行业,经数家精铸厂试验,能铸出合格钢铸件。该矿床开采条件优越,潜在经济价值巨大,开发利用前景广阔。     

新疆哈密三岔口石英闪长岩体中发现锌铜矿

锌铜矿是自然界较为少见的含金矿物,以往均发现于基性——超基性岩中,在中酸性岩中发现锌铜矿,在新疆尚属首次.     

塔克拉玛干沙漠石英氧同位素与粒级关系的研究

沙漠与黄土的物源联系是黄土研究关注的问题之一。石英氧同位素可示踪物源,粒度被用以分析沉积环境,但在沙漠物源研究中将二者结合应用的报道尚不多。本文测定了塔克拉玛干沙漠沙丘沙和沙丘剖面中河湖相沉积物的粒度及不同粒级的石英氧同位素,结果显示:1沙丘沙以极细砂和细砂为主,粉砂和黏土含量很低;河湖相沉积物以粉砂和黏土为主,砂含量低于5%。2各粒级石英δ~(18)OSMOW值介于13.8‰~19.7‰,其中沙丘沙为13.8‰~19.7‰,河湖相沉积物为15.6‰~17.6‰;沙丘沙石英δ~(18)O值随粒级增大未呈现减小趋势,同一粒级石英的δ~(18)O值存在一定变异。3经比较,塔克拉玛干沙漠砂和粉砂粒级的石英δ~(18)O值均高于中国其他沙漠,且20μm的石英δ~(18)O值与黄土高原的马兰黄土、洛川黄土—古土壤序列20μm的石英δ~(18)O值并无显著性差异。