羌塘盆地北部马料山侏罗纪布曲组地层古生物及沉积环境

详细描述了羌塘盆地北部乌兰乌拉湖地区马料山侏罗系剖面,将剖面划分为雀莫错组、布曲组和夏里组3个岩石地层单位,其中布曲组出露齐全,化石丰富。根据沉积环境及相对海平面变化规律将布曲组划分为2个沉积层序,并讨论了各体系域特征。依据马料山剖面布曲组的生物组合及分布特征建立了1个双壳类生物组合带即Chlamystipperi-Protocardiastricklandi组合带,并细分为3个组合亚带,其时限为中侏罗世巴通期。     

First‐order exchange coefficient coupling for simulating surface water–groundwater interactions: parameter sensitivity and consistency with a physics‐based approach

Distributed hydrologic models capable of simulating fully‐coupled surface water and groundwater flow are increasingly used to examine problems in the hydrologic sciences. Several techniques are currently available to couple the surface and subsurface; the two most frequently employed approaches are first‐order exchange coefficients (a.k.a., the surface conductance method) and enforced continuity of pressure and flux at the surface‐subsurface boundary condition. The effort reported here examines the parameter sensitivity of simulated hydrologic response for the first‐order exchange coefficients at a well‐characterized field site using the fully coupled Integrated Hydrology Model (InHM). This investigation demonstrates that the first‐order exchange coefficients can be selected such that the simulated hydrologic response is insensitive to the parameter choice, while simulation time is considerably reduced. Alternatively, the ability to choose a first‐order exchange coefficient that intentionally decouples the surface and subsurface facilitates concept‐development simulations to examine real‐world situations where the surface‐subsurface exchange is impaired. While the parameters comprising the first‐order exchange coefficient cannot be directly estimated or measured, the insensitivity of the simulated flow system to these parameters (when chosen appropriately) combined with the ability to mimic actual physical processes suggests that the first‐order exchange coefficient approach can be consistent with a physics‐based framework. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于再分析资料ERA5的对流层延迟估计方法及精度评估

提出基于再分析资料ERA5的天顶对流层延迟计算方法,使用中国大陆构造环境监测网络提供的26个GNSS测站2017年全年数据,评估由该方法计算的天顶对流层延迟的精度,并与前一代再分析资料ERA-Interim的计算结果进行对比分析。结果显示,ERA5计算的天顶对流层延迟均方根误差比ERA-Interim计算结果低,表明新一代产品的精度有明显提升。     

Effects of base analogues 5-bromouracil and 6-aminopurine on development of zebrafish Danio Rerio

Zebrafish （Danio rerio） genetic screens allow isolation of a wide array of problems in vertebrate biology. The effects of base analogues 5-bromouracil and 6-aminopurine on the development of zebrafish embryos are reported for the first time in this study. The early development of the zebrafish embryos was little affected by 5-bromouracil and 6-aminopurine, while the late development （organogenesis） was significantly impaired. Embryos exposed to 5-bromouracil mainly showed curled tail, wavy body, golden pigmentation and the mouth with protruding lower jaw. 6-aminopurine-treated embryos had defective anterior structures, curled tails and wavy body. RAPD analysis showed that the majority of 5-bromouracil-and 6-aminopurine-treated larvae and fish shared banding patterns in common with the control, suggesting that most mutagenesis induced by these agents are point mutations. However, some fish derived from 5-bromouracil-treated embryos had golden（gol） pigmentation; and RAPD analysis revealed that their band patterns differed from those of the control.Possibly, 5-bromouracil can occasionally cause relatively extensive changes in the fish genome. The results of this study may provide valuable help for detailed studies of mutagenesis.     

A tangential wind profile for simulating strong tropical cyclones with MM5

A new tangential wind profile for simulating strong tropical cyclones is put forward and planted into the NCARAFWA tropical cyclone bogussing scheme in MM5. The scheme for the new profile can make full use of the information from routine typhoon reports, including not only the maximum wind, but also the additional information of the wind speeds of 25.7 and 15.4 ms^-1 and their corresponding radii, which are usually provided for strong cyclones. Thus, the new profile can be used to describe the outer structure of cyclones more accurately than by using the earlier scheme of MM5 in which only the maximum wind speed is considered. Numerical experimental forecasts of two strong tropical cyclones are performed to examine the new profile. Results show that by using the new profile the prediction of both cyclones‘ intensity can be obviously improved, but the effects on the track prediction of the two cyclones are different. It seems that the new profile might be more suitable for strong cyclones with shifted tracks. However, the conclusion is drawn from only two typhoon cases, so more cases are needed to evaluate the new profile.     

柴达木盆地侏罗系油气成藏模式与油气聚集规律

针对柴达木盆地侏罗系油气勘探目标选择的难点,从烃源岩与圈闭时空配置的角度,建立侏罗系油气早期聚集早期成藏、早期聚集晚期成藏、晚期聚集晚期成藏3种模式。盆地油气来源、充注时期、油藏调整及破坏等方面存在规律性,这决定了油气分布的有序性,呈现出“断褶区聚气,山前、潜伏区聚油,凸起顶、凸起斜坡区油气并存”的基本格局和油气富集程度依次变好的序列。据此预测油气富集范围,从中优选冷湖4号东斜坡、乌南—巴依凸起斜坡、怀头他拉—德北斜坡、潜伏Ⅰ号等新靶区。     

2008年“威马逊”台风期间海上大气波导时空特征

结合 MM5数值模拟结果、天气图和卫星云图,系统分析了2008年“威马逊”台风引起的大气波导特征.本次台风过程中发生的大都为悬空大气波导,位于台风涡旋之外的西北部,台风越近波导高度、强度、厚度越大;同时数值模拟表明陆地地形对海上本次大气波导形成具有一定影响.利用大气波导这一特殊大气层结可以很好的评估和预测电磁波传播和海上探测通信系统     

基于主成分分析的相对重力观测零漂和固体潮提取

利用主成分分析PCA提取2014-08-15~23CG-5相对重力仪静态相对观测的零点漂移和固体潮。结果显示,PCA提取的零点漂移值与最小二乘线性拟合结果非常一致,其差仅在10-2μGal/d量级;PCA估算的固体潮值与CG-5重力仪内部软件提供的固体潮模型计算值统计结果基本一致,两者之差均小于8μGal,均方根均小于5μGal。     

1998-2002年中国地表太阳辐射的时空变化分析

地表太阳辐射是陆气能量交换过程中重要的物理参数和生态参数,利用卫星数据反演地表太阳辐射对于全面认识地表太阳辐射空间差异性和年际变化特征具有重要的意义。本文利用GMS-5静止气象卫星数据反演了中国区域1998-2002年地表太阳辐射值,在此基础上分析了我国地表太阳辐射的时空分布特征。结果表明:(1)青藏高原的地表太阳辐射最大,川黔地区最小,都位于北纬22^~35°这一带除川黔地区外,地表太阳辐射从东向西增强,西部随纬度升高而减小,东部以长江流域最小,向南北增加,西南最大,北部次之,至东北地区随纬度升高而减小(2)各月地表太阳辐射量分布复杂,最小值都出现在12月,但最大值出现时间受雨季影响很大,珠江、长江一带主要在雨季过后的7月,华北、东北和青藏高原主要出现在雨季前的6月及5月,西南地区则在季风雨季前的4-5月(3)5年来东部沿海地区地表太阳辐射增加了13.71%(+4.37W/m²·a),西藏高原地区地表太阳辐射减少了9.31%(-3.47W/m²·a),全国地表太阳辐射平均减少了0.84%(-0.27W/m²·a)。     

基于nRF9E5的无线网络控制应用设计方案

结合现代餐饮业自动化服务的需求,以无线Soc芯片nRF9E5和点阵型LCD模块ST7920为硬件核心,结合C++Builder软件编程环境,构建了一种基于nRF9E5芯片的无线网络自动化服务管理系统,该系统具有人机界面友好、数据管理软件完善、无线数据传输与控制稳定、高效等特点。可以推广应用到区域水质、土壤等环境的自动监测等领域。