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11.
AbstractWith the large-scale development and utilization of ocean resources and space, it is inevitable to encounter existing submarine facilities in pile driving areas, which necessitates a safety assessment. In this article, by referring to a wharf renovation project as a reference, the surrounding soil response and buried pipe deformation during pile driving in a near-shore submarine environment are investigated by three-dimensional (3D) numerical models that consider the pore water effect. Numerical studies are carried out in two different series: one is a case of a single pile focusing on the effect of the minimum plane distance of the pile–pipe, and the other is a case of double piles focusing on the effect of the pile spacing. 相似文献
12.
13.
青藏高原中部湖泊沉积物中Zr/Rb值及其环境意义 总被引:14,自引:1,他引:14
由于青藏高原及其周边地区构造复杂,湖泊沉积物中的粒级差别很大,单一的测量方法往往难以奏效。Rb、Zr是表生地球化学过程中的稳定元素,但它们之间也存在显著差别,Rb一般富集在细颗粒中,Zr则在粗颗粒中含量较高。研究发现,湖泊沉积物中Zr/Rb比值与粘土(<2μm)含量存在显著相关,Zr/Rb值反映了湖泊沉积物的粒度大小。Zr/Rb比值所揭示的青藏高原中部280万年来经历的3次大的环境演化过程与岩性变化、孢粉指标反映的环境特征是一致的。 相似文献
14.
上新世——早更新世青藏高原北缘隆升的磁性地层学证据 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
对新疆叶城剖面西域砾岩及下伏第三纪地层的磁性地层学研究表明 ,西域砾岩的沉积时代为晚上新世至早更新世 ,磁性地层年龄为 3.5至 <1.8Ma。阿图什组沉积于早上新世 ,古地磁年龄为 4 .6~ 3.5 Ma。阿图什组以砂岩和粉砂岩为主夹薄层砾岩 ,为河流相及冲积扇前缘相。西域砾岩以厚层砾岩为主夹风成粉砂岩 ,为典型洪积—冲积扇堆积。西域砾岩的沉积反映了青藏高原北缘晚上新世至早更新世强烈的隆起和剥蚀 相似文献
15.
16.
对我国西南地区河谷深厚覆盖层成因机理的新认识 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
近年来,在我国水能资源开发过程中,发现各河流现代河床以下普遍堆积厚达数十米甚至上百米的松散堆积物。河谷深厚覆盖层的存在,不仅严重制约了工程坝址的选择,影响相关流域水电资源的开发利用,也给坝工设计带来巨大的困难。由于深厚覆盖层埋藏于现代河床之下,其形成年代一般先于一二级阶地,有悖于河流发育演化的常理,其成因一直令人费解。首次将河谷深切和深厚堆积事件与全球气候变化、海平面升降运动、地壳运动等有机地联系起来,并提出冰期、间冰期全球海平面大幅度升降,是导致河流深切成谷并形成深厚堆积的主要原因的新观点。在此基础上,引入层序地层学原理,从理论上较好地解释了全球气候变化导致海平面和河流侵蚀基准面大幅变化,并产生河谷深切和深厚堆积的原因和过程。最后,进一步将沿河大型古滑坡的孕育和发生与河谷深切事件相联系,提出沿河大型古滑坡是在河谷深切期因前缘临空较好而形成的新观点,从而对沿河古滑坡前缘剪出口高程往往低于现代河床数十米的原因给出了较合理的解释。 相似文献
17.
Paleocurrent indicator data collected in field work were used to study the early Cenozoic regional paleodrainage patterns in the Hob Xil basin in northern Tibetan plateau. The paleocurrent directions of the Eocene Fenghuoshan Group obviously show that the flows were northward with a unidirectional dispersal pattern. This probably reflects the uplift of the Qiangtang terrain during the initial basin deposition period and indicates that the Tanggula Moutains occurred as topographic highlands at least in the Eocene. Paleoflows of the Oligocene Yaxicuo Group were dominantly oriented to the north and then flowed eastwards during its late deposition. This regional variability of paleodrainage patterns of the Yaxicuo Group is interpreted to record the dispersal style of sediments from transverse rivers to longitudinal river systems. It is inferred that the Oligocene uplift of the Kunlun Mountains obstructed by northward paleoflows and created longitudinal river systems parallel to the orogenic belts. The temporal and spatial changes of the paleodrainage patterns suggest that the northern boundary of the Tibetan plateau during the early Cenozoic was situated in the Hoh Xil area and its uplift has progressed northwards through time. 相似文献
18.
多源地学数据包括遥感、地球化学和地球物理数据,介绍了利用多源地学数据进行造山带构造单元划分的方法。遥感数据在确定区域构造边界及活动断层方面的应用非常广泛,遥感影像在解译线形构造即断层方面有非常明显的效果,可以根据不同构造单元的影像差异,区分不同的地质体、线性构造及活动断层,同时用遥感数据叠加三维地形数据分析线性构造可以更加直观地解译线性构造。地球化学数据在确定大的构造边界方面具有一定的指示意义,可以根据水系沉积物的地球化学特点,运用因子分析方法确定大的构造边界。地球物理数据提供的是地质体及构造边界在深部的延伸情况,可以为研究断裂的运动学和动力学特征提供证据。 相似文献
19.
Based on the determination of composition of volcanic volatiles and petrologic estimation of the total mass of volatiles erupted,
we showed important advances in the study of the impact of Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanic activities on paleo-environmental
changes in China. The volcanic activities include western Liaoning and Zhangjiakou Mesozoic intermediate-acidic explosive
eruptions, southern Tibet and Shanwang Cenozoic volcanism, and Mt. Changbai volcanic eruption around one thousand years ago.
The paper predominantly discusses the earth’s surface temperature changes, ozone depletion, acidic rain formation and mass
mortalities of vertebrate induced by the Mesozoic and Cenozoic volcanism in China.
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Translated from Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2007, 26(4): 319–322 [译自: 矿物岩石地球化学通报] 相似文献
20.
Hualing Wei Nianqiao Fang Xuan Ding Lanshi Nie Xiuming Liu 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2008,2(2):162-169
This paper presents pelagic records of planktic foraminifera, as well as data of stable isotope stratigraphy and carbonate
stratigraphy since 3.5 Ma B.P. from site ODP758 in the Ninetyeast Ridge of the Indian Ocean. Based on these data, manifestations
and related mechanisms of major tectonic and environmental events such as the rapid uplift of the Himalaya Mountains, “middle
Pleistocene climatic transition” and “mid-Brunhes dissolution event” in the region are discussed. According to the analysis
and comparison of various indices and changes in terms of foraminifera assemblage, paleotemperature, paleosalinity and themocline
from site ODP758, the authors deduce that the paleoclimatic changes might correlate with the mid-Pleistocene transition at
1.4–1.7 Ma B.P. The changes of CaCO3, mass accumulation rates (MAR) of CaCO3 and non- CaCO3 MAR indicate that the loaded terrigenous sediments increased at 1.7 Ma, which is in agreement with the uplift history of
the Qinghai-Tibet plateau as shown by the available data. The last two changes coincide with the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet
plateau, hence they are called “Qinghai-Tibet movement” (1.7 Ma), and the “Kunlun-Yellow River movement” (1.2–0.6 Ma). The
changes of the CaCO3 content, coarse fraction (> 150 μm) content and planktonic foraminifera biostratigraphy show that strong dissolution of abyssal
CaCO3 occurred in the study region during 0.5–0.4 Ma. The event was consistent with the “mid-Brunhes dissolution event” in the
sedimentary records of the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean and Nansha sea area of the South China Sea.
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Translated from Geological Bulletin of China, 2007, 26(12): 1627–1632 [译自: 地质通报] 相似文献