Chronology analysis of huge landslide based on ESR dating materials on sliding face in carbonate areas of south eastern Tibet

Determining occurrence age is key to chronology analysis of huge landslides. However, in carbonated bedrock areas, it is difficult to carry out geochronological surveys of landslide evolution due to lack of suitable dating materials and methods. In carbonated bedrock areas, the cosmic nuclides 36Cl and 14C dating methods have been used for obtaining the exposed age of bedrock. But intense weathering, erosion and dissolution make it difficult to obtain an accurate total amount of cosmogenic nuclide accumulation, resulting in the dating results being affected greatly by weathering, erosion and dissolution of carbonate rock. Therefore, it is necessary to find new dating materials or methods for determining the occurrence age of landslide in carbonate bedrock areas with little quaternary sediments. In this study, a huge landslide developed in the carbonate bedrock area of south eastern Tibet is introduced briefly, which is named the Qiaojia landslide and blocked the Jinsha River. A thin layer including three obvious recrystallized carbonate sub-layers was formed in the sliding zone, indicating different sliding events. Three recrystallized carbonate samples were then collected for ESR dating research to obtain the age information of the Qiaojia landslide: one occurred 79 ± 8 ka years ago, and the other occurred 60 ± 10 ka years ago, and the third occurred 25 ± 2 ka years ago, which are in general agreement with other studies in the surrounding of the study area. It suggests that recrystallized carbonate on sliding face is suitable for chronologically identifying landslide activity by using ESR method in the carbonate area, especially in the areas with little or no quaternary sediments.     

2020年5月18日云南巧家MS 5.0地震总结

系统总结2020年5月18日云南巧家M_S 5.0地震发生前出现的地震活动和地球物理观测异常,其中：①地震活动异常：震前存在震群活动、Benioff应变比和地震发生率异常等中短期异常;②地球物理观测异常：震中200 km范围内分布重力、地磁、水位、水温、断层氢等测项,其中异常测项15项,大部分为趋势异常,异常台项比较低（5%）,短临异常不突出,巧家电磁波为地震的短期异常;③综合方法：多参数概率谱计算结果在震前出现异常。对巧家M_S 5.0地震序列进行跟踪研究,发现：主震与最大余震的震级差为1.6（M_L震级）,主震释放能量占序列总能量的99.64%,属主余型地震序列;主震震源机制显示为走滑型,根据余震分布,认为发震断层位于莲峰断裂和昭通-鲁甸断裂之间的NS向次级断裂。综合分析认为,在巧家M_S 5.0地震发生前,地震活动具有背景异常逐渐向中短期转变的过程,地球物理观测异常以趋势异常为主,短期异常不突出。     

2020年云南巧家MS5.0地震微震检测及发震构造初步探讨

利用匹配定位方法对2020年5月18日云南巧家Ms5.0地震震后24h震源附近台站.记录的连续波形进行遗漏地震扫描和定位,共识别出327个地震事件,约为台网目录的2.4倍,最小完整震级由最初的ML1.9降至ML1.1.随后,依据最新目录计算了震后震源区的b值,并结合余震展布形态,初步分析此次地震发震构造.研究结果显示,...     

2020年5月18日云南巧家MS 5.0地震伤亡人员分布特征

2020年5月18日云南巧家发生MS 5.0地震,造成4人死亡、28人受伤(6名重伤员,22名轻伤员),与云南省其他地区同级别地震相比,人员伤亡比例偏高,与昭通地区历史地震相比,人员伤亡比例稍低.本文从震害伤亡人员的空间分布、伤情、伤亡原因等进行统计分析,得出云南巧家5.0级地震伤亡人员分布特征,并提出具有针对性的建议...     

Enhancement of Seismicity Recorded by the Qiaojia Array before the 2013 Lushan and 2014 Ludian Earthquakes

A seismic array of twenty four seismometers(Qiaojia array) operated by the Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration was situated along the Zemuhe fault and the north end of Xiaojiang fault,which is a part of the east boundary of the Chuan-Dian( Sichuan-Yunnan) rhombus crustal mass. The Qiaojia array started operation at the end of February,2012. Since then the April 20,2013 Lushan MS7. 0 earthquake and the August 3,2014 Ludian MS6. 5 earthquake have occurred in the vicinity of the Qiaojia array. The earthquake catalogue recorded by the Qiaojia array since March,2012 is used in this study. The temporal variation of the earthquake count before the Lushan event and the Ludian event is analyzed. The results are as follows:(1) A very clear gradually increasing variation of the count of M ≥ 2. 0 earthquakes within the region,where all earthquakes recorded by the Qiaojia array coverage can be found before the Lushan event and the Ludian event,and the increasing range and duration of the count before the Ludian event are both larger than those before the Lushan event.(2) In the region covered by the Qiaojia array,for earthquakes with depth h ≤10 km a rising process of the count was manifested before both events,along with a nearly same duration of about five and a half months,and for earthquakes with depths h 10 km a rising-dropping process of the count was manifest before the Lushan event,before which the rising-dropping process appeared again. The variation of the count for earthquakes with depth h ≤ 10 km is the reverse of that for earthquakes with depth h 10 km.(3) Within and near the region covered by the Qiaojia array,the variation of the count manifests a rising process for earthquakes with depth h ≤ 10 km or h 10 km before the Lushan event and only for earthquakes with depth h ≤ 10 km before the Ludian event. The variation of the count manifests a weakening process for earthquakes with depth h 10 km before the Lushan event. It is shown from the above results that the seismicity within and near the regioncovered by the Qiaojia array showed a steeply rising change before both the Lushan event and the Ludian event. This phenomenon could be revelatory to understanding the process of seismicity development.     

利用EH4音频大地电磁测深仪探测巧家巨型古滑坡及其结构面特征

运用EH4音频大地电磁测深方法,并结合钻探资料成果,对巧家巨型古滑坡的空间结构进行探测分析;有效确定了该滑坡的空间电性和结构特征.研究发现该滑坡的主滑动面平均深度250 m;并发现滑坡体及邻侧存在6条活动断裂(F1—F6),其中小江断裂带(F1)为主要活动断裂.同时,综合分析电磁测深结果与钻探资料推断,在金沙江边台阶从...     

巧家盆地黄土的粒度特征及其成因分析

通过对巧家盆地地区金沙江左岸阶地上的厚层黄土进行实地考察,并进行了系统采样和粒度特征分析,结果表明该区黄土的粒度组成较为一致,以10～50μm的“风成基本粒径”粗粉砂质为主,其含量在26．09％-46．06％。同时〉63μm的砂质也较大,在剖面顶部达到了28．73％,随着地层向下呈现出粗粒径减小,粘粒含量增大的趋势。巧家黄土地粒度频率曲线呈双峰态特征,与长江以南的典型红土有着相似的分布特征。其粒度组成与粒度参数特征反映了风成近源堆积特性,通过将巧家黄土的粒度参数特征与洛川黄土和河流相沉积的相对比,显示其与典型的风成黄土具有相同的成因。     

金沙江河谷巧家段地下水化学特征

金沙江河谷巧家段地形切割强烈,最大相对高差可达2 719 m,水文地质条件差异大,河谷区内泉水出露众多。对河谷区内38组泉水水化学组分进行分析的结果表明:地下水化学类型较简单,主要为HCO3- Ca、HCO3- Ca?Mg、HCO3- Mg?Ca型;地下水溶解性总固体(TDS)浓度变化较大,总体上TDS浓度自河谷斜坡补给-径流区至谷底排泄区,具有逐步增高的趋势;孔隙水TDS浓度明显高于岩溶水;地下水宏量组分HCO3-、Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-与TDS具有正相关关系。据水化学组分变化分析谷底第四系地层中出露大泉的形成条件,其为孔隙水与岩溶水相混合形成。      

东坪铅锌矿构控特征及矿床成因

东坪铅锌矿是巧家～小牛栏铅锌成矿亚带上一个有代表性的铅锌矿床,与处在同一成矿带上的其它铅锌矿床(点)有许多相似之处。不同的是该矿床由层间剥离空间或顺层挤压破碎带控制的矿床规模较大,并随上震旦统灯影组第二段赋矿层位延伸较远,显示较典型的层控加构控、与岩浆成因无关的沉积叠加中低温热液矿床类型。经对该区进一步物探与地质勘查证实：矿区SE边缘的巧家～小牛栏断层与派生的次一级NW向断层交汇部位,存在厚大的铅锌矿体,其深部也存在一定范围和宽度的“低阻高激化异常体”,应是该区今后找矿重点。