全站仪水域面积测量及其精度分析

水域面积测量的特殊性,决定了采用传统的面积测量方法很难实时地得到水域的覆盖面积。全站仪提供的面积测量功能很好地弥补了这个缺憾并能够提供较高的成果精度。阐述了全站仪面积测量的原理与方法,对全站仪水域面积测量中误差的计算公式进行了讨论,并分析了水域面积的测量精度,得出了几点有益的结论。     

使用Python函数式编程进行空间回归分析

针对使用传统的编程方式进行空间回归分析过于繁杂的问题,本文提出将Python函数式编程引入空间回归分析方法,分析和探讨脚本语言＋函数式编程方式在GIS数据分析中的推广应用前景。编程实践证明,采用Python函数式编程,结合既有的开源软件包,可以有效提高编程效率,减少代码量,将实践人员的注意力集中在问题本身。     

Provenance of deep-water reservoir sandstones from the Jubarte oil field,Campos Basin,Eastern Brazilian Margin

The provenance of the Maastrichtian deep-water reservoir sandstones from the Jubarte oil field (Campos Basin, eastern Brazil), was studied using an integrated approach that included quantitative petrography, conventional heavy mineral analysis, garnet mineral chemistry and zircon geochronology. The reservoirs are predominantly coarse, poorly-sorted sandstones with feldspathic composition derived from uplifted basement terrains. The fourth- and fifth-order depositional sequences analyzed show no major variations in composition or in provenance through time. However, variations in apatite:tourmaline presents potential to be used as a parameter for sandstone correlation within the field. The composition of heavy minerals indicates derivation from high temperature and low-to-medium pressure aluminous metapelitic rocks, from granites and subordinate mafic rocks, derived from the Cabo Frio Tectonic Domain and the Oriental terrain of Ribeira orogen, characterizing a supply route from SW to NE. The low ZTR index, as well as the absence of low-grade stable heavy minerals and of metasedimentary rock fragments, suggest that by the end of Cretaceous all supracrustal, low-grade terrains had already been totally eroded, and that plutonic, infracrustal rocks were exposed, similarly to the present situation.     

太湖和洪泽湖大银鱼(Protosalanx hyalocranius)体内元素的积累特征及产地判别

应用电感耦合等离子质谱仪分析技术分别研究了江苏太湖和洪泽湖水域大银鱼体内12种元素的生物积累特征.结果表明,两水域大银鱼体内元素含量的总体范围为:钙(Ca)9443-22150、钠(Na)1107-2418、镁(Mg)876.8-1231、钾(K)4662-9472、锌(Zn)74-135.8、锰(Mn)6.80-21.08、硒(Se)2.082-6.261、铜(Cu)0.489-2.704、铁(Fe)未检出-24.19、钻(Co)未检出-4.84、砷(As)0.123-0.587 mg,kg干重;镉(cd)未检出;必需元素丰富.太湖水域大银鱼中的Na、K、Cu、As、Se 的含量显著地高于洪泽湖水域大银鱼.而后者体内Ca、Mg、Zn的含量显著地高于前者.主成分分析显示出两水域鱼体多元素生物积累的整体"指纹"地理差异非常明显.在此基础上推导出了通过元素"指纹"来区分两地大银鱼个体的判别函数,正确率达100%.两水域大银鱼中毒性元素As和Cd的含量都远低于国家相应的限量标准.     

西藏羊八井-康马地区现今地应力测量结果与应力状态分析

本文给出了西藏羊八井-康马地区不同地点的现今地应力实测值的大小和方向. 为了解青藏高原现今地应力状态,结合青藏铁路工程的需要,我们在羊八井-康马地区进行了现场地应力测量. 测量方法采用压磁应力解除法,测点分别布置在羊八井、拉萨、曲水和康马等四个不同的构造部位,测量深度为11～18m. 测量结果表明,本区最大水平主应力方向以NW-NNW为主,最大水平主应力值一般为33～104MPa,但在板块缝合带上的曲水测点最大水平主应力值为23MPa. 与其他地区相比较,本区属中高应力区. 而在曲水应力值属中等偏小,可能反映了板块缝合带现今处于应力释放状态,板块缝合带附近应力具有复杂性.     

ICP—AES法分析辉锑矿

本文针对辉锑矿成分复杂、主元素Sb易水解、部分元素易挥发,酸不溶元素的存在以及元素之间的干扰等问题,拟定了酸溶和碱熔分解试样的分析流程。在酸溶系统中结合TBP萃淋树脂和巯基棉分离富集分组,ICP-AES法测定Fe、Ca、Mg、Cu、Mn、Pb、Zn、Co、Ni、Au、Ag、In、Tl、Cd、Bi、Ga、Mo、Se、Te、As等20个元素。碱熔系统不分离主元素,用校正因素校正元素间光谱干扰并采用内标法ICP-AES测定Al、Ti、V、Ba、Sr、Sn、Sc、Cr、Be、Si和Sb等11个元素。试样验证表明,方法可行。     

场地地震效应及其预测的某些考虑

本文从场地地震危险性评价,地震危险性概率分析、场地地震工程地质单元划分、地震反应分析、活断层工程分类等五个方面、论述场地地震效应及其预测中基本原理和方法。根据工程地震危险性评价和分析、地震小区划等地震工程实践,对场地地震效应及其预测提供一些基本考虑和经验     

Application of AMD to the Determination of Cropprotection Agents in Drinking Water. Part III: Solid Phase Extraction and Affecting Factors Anwendung der AMD-Technik zur Bestimmung von Pflanzenbehandlungsmittel-Wirkstoffen im Trinkwasser. Teil III: Festphasenextraktion und ihre Einflußfaktoren

The more sensitive an analysis method the more care must be given to sample preparation. Solid phase extraction (SPE) onto RP 18 phases has established itself as a general purification and enrichment technique for trace components in aqueous samples. Various factors may thereby influence the recovery rate. For example, the ratio amount of sorbent and sample volume should be taken into account to avoid breakthrough of the investigated substance. Extracting phenylurea herbicides from drinking water, the ratio should be 1 g RP 18 sorbent per 1 L water sample. Concerning the flow rate for the fungicides procymidone, vinclozolin, and iprodione, the recovery rate decreases using higher flow rates than 3 or 6 mL/min. In the case of phenylurea herbicides, a flow rate of 10 or 14 mL/min showed best results. Even the coefficient of variation is below ± 5% at these flow rates. Furthermore, the company dependence should be considered because the recovery rate might differ by up to 40% using the nominally identical material. The same applies to the batch dependence of quality from the same company. The concentration of the eluate must also be monitored and carried out with great care to avoid decreasing the recovery rate. Considering these factors of influence, SPE is a very useful tool in sample preparation, particularly if an automated system is used.     

深井水位固体潮的调和分析结果

使用Venedikov调和分析方法,对8口深井各一年或两年经气压改正后的水位记录,计算了水位固体潮相对于体应变固体潮的振幅比和相位差。本文从相位差的分析结果求解了含水层的渗透率,分析结果还显示出液态地核动力学效应引起的固体潮日波振幅比的共振现象。这是对以往其它观测手段得到的相应结果的支持,同时也说明了深井水位资料中含有非常丰富的地球物理信息。文中还对环境因素和井孔条件造成的某些效应做了探讨。     

大化水库地震分析

大化水库自1983年蓄水后出现频繁的微弱地震,延续时间达7年,最大震为Ms1.7级,地震系列属震群型,初步判断属水库诱发地震。由于库区有活动断层且岩溶发育,地震诱发机制可能为断层孔隙水压力效应或岩液塌陷。从地震发展趋势分析,目前已处于衰减程过,预测今后不会有强震发生。