扬子地台西南缘朱家坝辉绿岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

近年来在扬子西缘大量的早—中元古代岩浆岩证据显示扬子地台内形成的断陷盆地及早中元古代岩浆岩与全球性的Columbia超大陆裂解事件有着密不可分的联系。这种联系主要表现在区内早中元古代的岩浆岩地球化学特征上。为了探讨武定裂陷槽朱家坝辉绿岩的地球化学特征及其意义,以12块朱家坝辉绿岩的地球化学分析数据为基础,在分析了其主微量和稀土元素的特征之后发现朱家坝辉绿岩w(SiO_2)为44.16%～48.08%,w(K_2O+Na_2O)为3.54%～4.26%,在化学成分上属于钙碱性岩石;其稀土元素的总量为183.1×10^-6～206.91×10^-6,LREE/HREE=1.44～1.96,表明在其形成过程中发生了明显的地壳混然或者是岩浆分异作用,其化学成分基本可以反映出岩浆源区的化学组成特征。基于此,对朱家坝辉绿岩进行了源区性质、构造环境和可能的成因机制探讨,认为朱家坝辉绿岩形成于拉张环境之中,很有可能是在昆阳裂谷形成初期形成,其岩浆来源于较富集的地幔源区,形成过程中几乎没有地壳物质参与。     

鄂尔多斯盆地基底结构及早期沉积盖层演化

鄂尔多斯盆地基底主要形成于太古宙—古元古代,岩石组成极为复杂,大多经历了较强的区域变质作用,变质程度一般达到了(高)角闪岩相—麻粒岩相,属变质程度较深的区域变质岩系,主要是各种片岩、片麻岩及变粒岩、石英岩、大理石及花岗片麻岩等;基底结构具有较为明显的分区特征,可划分为北部、西北部及中南部三个大区,走向总体以北东向为主;从演化过程来看,鄂尔多斯盆地基底是华北克拉通形成过程中的太古宙微陆块之一,古元古代末可能是其与华北拼合为一体的关键时期。早期沉积盖层主要经历了长城纪陆内裂陷、蓟县纪边部沉降、青白口纪—南华纪整体隆升和震旦纪边缘拗陷4个演化阶段,沉积环境总体以海相为主,晚期局部具陆相特征,不同时期的沉积物特征有较大差异,可能主要受构造、气候环境的共同制约;早期沉积盖层整体上受基底结构和构造控制明显,越早期影响越大;盆地西南边缘一直是最活跃的构造沉降区,基底构造所处位置特殊可能是其最主要的原因。     

Tectonic evolution of the West Kunlun Orogenic Belt along the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau:Implications for the assembly of the Tarim terrane to Gondwana

The West Kunlun orogenic belt(WKOB) along the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is important for understanding the evolution of the Proto-and Paleo-Tethys oceans. Previous investigations have focused on the igneous rocks and ophiolites distributed mostly along the Xinjiang-Tibet road and the China-Pakistan road, and have constructed a preliminary tectonic model for this orogenic belt. However, few studies have focused on the so-called Precambrian basement in this area. As a result, the tectonic affinity of the individual terranes of the WKOB and their detailed evolution process are uncertain. Here we report new field observations, zircon and monazite U-Pb ages of the "Precambrian basement" of the South Kunlun terrane(SKT) and the Tianshuihai terrane(TSHT), two major terranes in the WKOB. Based on new zircon U-Pb age data, the amphibolite-facies metamorphosed volcanosedimentary sequence within SKT was deposited during the late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian(600-500 Ma), and the flysch-affinity Tianshuihai Group, as the basement of the TSHT, was deposited during the late Neoproterozoic rather than Mesoproterozoic. The rock association of the volcano-sedimentary sequence within SKT suggests a large early Paleozoic accretionary wedge formed by the long-term lowangle southward subduction of the Proto-Tethys Ocean between Tarim and TSHT. The amphibolitefacies metamorphism in SKT occurred at ca. 440 Ma. This ca. 440 Ma metamorphism is genetically related to the closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean between Tarim and the Tianshuihai terrane, which led to the assembly of Tarim to Eastern Gondwana and the final formation of the Gondwana. Since the late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic, the northward subduction of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean along the HongshihuQiaoertianshan belt produced the voluminous early Mesozoic arc-signature granites along the southern part of NKT-TSHT. The Paleo-Tethys ocean between TSHT and Karakorum closed at ca. 200 Ma, as demonstrated by the monazite age of the paragneiss in the Kangxiwa Group. Our study does not favor the existence of a Precambrian basement in SKT.     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141850 Chen Dongyue(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China);Chen Jianping On 3D Ore Prospecting Modeling of Comprehensive Information for Huangshaping Polymetallic Deposit(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.489-495,12 illus.,12 refs.) Key words:polymetallic ores,data bases,Hunan Province     

Tectonic inversion assessed by integration of geological and geophysical data: The intracontinental Rio do Peixe Basin,NE Brazil

Common basin models assume that the post‐rift tectonic evolution of most basins is usually associated with tectonic quiescence. However, tectonic inversion during the post‐rift phase has been proposed for several sedimentary basins worldwide, but how and why it happens is still a matter of debate, especially in intracontinental settings where the lithosphere is old and thick. Here, we use geological and geophysical data from the Rio do Peixe Basin in NE Brazil to show evidence that intracontinental sedimentary basins can be tectonically inverted by far‐field compressive stresses acting on pre‐existing weakness zones of lithospheric‐scale where stresses can concentrate and inversion can occur. Geomorphological and field data combined with seismic reflection, gravimetric and borehole data show that: (a) inversion occurred along two main Precambrian lithospheric‐scale shear zones, the Patos (E‐W trending) and Portalegre (NE‐SW trending), which had already been reactivated as basin‐bounding faults during the earlier rift stage; (b) post‐rift reactivation affected (mostly) the original master normal faults with the largest rift displacements, and locally produced new reverse faults; (c) during contraction, deformation was partitioned between fault reactivation and buckling of the incompetent sediment pushed against the hard basement; (d) all these signs of inversion have been observed in the field and can be demonstrated on seismic reflection profiles; and (e) combined gravimetric and seismic data show that the main structures of the basin were followed by an inversion. These data are consistent with the operation of WSW‐ENE horizontal maximum compressive stress as a result of combined pushes of the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge (towards the W) and the Andes (towards the E), responsible for the post‐rift oblique inversion of normal faults inherited from the rift phase and formed with vertical maximum compressive stress.     

Palaeomagnetic study of Palaeoproterozoic granitoids from the Voronezh Massif, Russia

A palaeomagnetic investigation has been carried out of rocks from the eastern part of the Voronezh Massif, which constitutes, together with the Ukrainian Shield, the Sarmatian segment in the southern part of the East European Craton. The samples were collected in a quarry close to the town of Pavlovsk (50.4°N, 40.1°E), where a syenitic-granitic body intrudes Archaean units. U–Pb (zircon) dating has yielded an age of 2080  Ma for the intrusion.
  Two characteristic magnetic components, A and B, were isolated by thermal and alternating-field demagnetization. Component A was obtained from granites and quartz syenites (11 samples) and has a mean direction of D = 229°, I = 28°, and a pole position at 12°N, 172°E. This pole is close to a contemporary mean pole (9°N, 187°E) for the Ukrainian Shield, which implies that the Voronezh Massif and the Shield constituted a single entity at 2.06  Ga. These poles differ from contemporaneous poles of the Fennoscandian Shield, indicating that the relative positions of the two shields were different from their present configuration about 2100  Myr ago.
  A component B, isolated only in quartz monzonites (five samples), has a mean direction D = 144°, I = 49°, and a pole position at 4°N, 251°E, which is close to late Sveconorwegian (approximately 900  Ma) poles for Baltica. This suggests that the East European Craton was consolidated some time between 2080 and 900  Ma. Comparison with other palaeomagnetic data permit us to narrow this time span to 1770–1340  Ma.     

基底岩系对火山岩型金矿成矿的意义

本文以浙江治岭头、黑龙江团结沟、辽宁二道沟和日本菱刈等四个金矿床为例,说明火山岩型金矿之矿体除产于火山岩中之外,亦产于火山岩下伏基底岩系中,其基底岩系对火山岩型金矿成矿的意义在于:①基底岩石原岩常含有基性和超基性岩所含金丰度较高,且同位素资料显示出成矿的部分金来源于基底岩石;②基底岩系所含碳较高有利于金的成矿;③基底岩块相应上隆部位是成矿有利地带。     

武夷山西麓宁都地区基底褶皱构造式样初步探讨

武夷山西麓宁都地区广泛分布一套成层有序的晚元古代浅变质岩系,长期以来被视为单斜构造。本文阐述了研究区基底褶皱的窨配置及褶皱式样,阐明了研究区的各紧密线状复式褶皱隶属区域大型复背斜的北翼,同时地基底褶皱的形成机制与后期改造作了地一步分析和探讨。     

辽西建平-喀左地区元古宙-古生代层序地层

通过１∶５万区域地质调查工作,对建平—喀左地区元古宙—古生代地层做了岩石地层、生物地层、不整合界线地层和层序地层的多重划分与对比。进行了基本层序、沉积相和沉积环境的调查研究,将元古宙—古生代地层划分为１０个层序,归并为２个超层序,初步建立了岩石地层和年代地层格架。     

内蒙古中、上元古界地层的找金远景

内蒙古自治区境内,中、上元古界地层发育,其中所赋存的金属、非金属、贵金属矿产甚多。最近在中元古界朱拉扎嘎毛道组变质粉砂岩中所发现的微细浸染型金矿,是我局在元古界地层中寻找新类型金矿的一个突破,具有十分重要的意义。