Live benthic foraminiferal faunas off Cape Blanc, NW-Africa: Community structure and microhabitats

Live (Rose-Vengal stained) benthic foraminifera were studied along a transect across the main area of organic matter deposition in the Cape Blanc upwelling region. The faunal analyses suggest that at the shallowest station (1200 m) the benthic ecosystem is permanently influenced by the upwelling, whereas at the deepest stations (3010 and 2530 m depth) the ocean bottom is subject to significant organic influxes only in summer. The vertical zonation of foraminiferal species in the sediment shows a close correspondence with the depth distribution of oxic respiration, nitrate and sulphate reduction. It is suggested that this linkage is caused by the presence of various stocks of anaerobic and sulphate- and nitrate-reducing bacteria. Deep infaunal foraminiferal species are thought to feed selectively, either on the bacterial stocks or on nutritious particles produced by bacterial degradation of more refractory organic matter. As such, foraminiferal microhabitats are only indirectly controlled by pore water oxygen concentrations.     

森林火灾与气象条件的关系及其预报和防御

分析了湿度、温度、风、降水等气象要素及地形地貌与林火发生的关系,介绍了森林火险等级预报方法,并提出了林火防范措施。     

A comparison of stable platform and strapdown airborne gravity

To date, operational airborne gravity results have been obtained using either a damped two-axis stable platform gravimeter system such as the LaCoste and Romberg (LCR) S-model marine gravimeter or a strapdown inertial navigation system (INS), showing comparable accuracies. In June 1998 three flight tests were undertaken which tested an LCR gravimeter and a strapdown INS gravity system side by side. To the authors' knowledge, this was the first time such a comparison flight was undertaken. The flights occurred in Disko Bay, off the west coast of Greenland. Several of the flight lines were partly flown along existing shipborne gravity profiles to allow for an independent source of comparison of the results. The results and analysis of these flight tests are presented. The measurement method and error models for both the stable platform and strapdown INS gravity systems are presented and contrasted. An intercomparison of gravity estimates from both systems is given, along with a comparison of the individual estimates with existing shipborne gravity profiles. The results of the flight tests show that the gravity estimates from the two systems agree at the 2–3 mGal level, after the removal of a linear bias. This is near the combined noise level of the two systems. It appears that a combination of both systems would provide an ideal airborne gravity survey system, combining the excellent bias stability of the LCR gravimeter with the higher dynamic range and increased spatial resolution of the strapdown INS. Received: 3 June 1999 / Accepted: 30 November 1999     

海城市南台镇多层砖房易损性分析

通过对多层砖房的普查和抽样调查取得的原始资料,用多层砖房震害预测方法和软件进行易损性分析,给出重要房屋单体震害预测结果和群体房屋的易损性矩阵．     

Evaluation and rehabilitation of dam seepage problems. A case study: Kafrein dam

The intention of this study is to locate the probable sources of the Kafrein dam seepage problem. A methodology known as excitation-response analysis will be considered. Analytical expressions, depicting the groundwater level response in the underlying aquifer as a result of changes in the reservoir water level, were derived from a linearized groundwater flow equation for one-dimensional semi-infinite, isotropic and homogeneous porous media. The results revealed that a large proportion of the seepage water originates from a site at a distance about 1 km from the observation point M1 and streamlines along the existing faults. Emphasis in this work was also placed on controling and mitigating the seepage problem.     

河西走廊张掖绿洲LUCC的驱动力分析

利用1995和2000年Landsat 5、4、3、2(RGB)波段合成影像解译结果,采用中国科学院资源环境数据库中的中国1:10万土地资源利用分类系统,对河西走廊中段的张掖绿洲的土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)进行了研究。并运用典型相关分析方法对张掖绿洲LUCC及其影响因子进行了统计分析,诊断出各影响因子对该区LUCC的贡献作用大小,同时运用典型相关系数和冗余度分析,检验了分析结果。     

精准水稻种植信息系统的分析与设计

精准农业(Precision Farming)是美国20世纪80年代初提出的农业经营概念,它的最大特点是充分考虑农田特征的空间变异,根据农田性质的空间差异对农作物实行不同的管理措施,如变量施肥、变量灌溉等,其目标是获得最大的经济收益和最少的环境污染。水稻精准种植是精准农业思想的具体实现,在实施过程中需要使用的信息包括:GPS定位信息、农田地理信息、田间采样信息、农业气象信息、作物产量信息、作物长势信息和水稻栽培专家知识等。为管理和处理这些信息并使之为水稻种植服务,水稻精准种植信息系统应当由属性数据管理、农田空间数据管理、专家系统、遥感数据处理和管理决策等子系统构成。为便于系统的开发、完善和推广,整个系统基于组件式地理信息系统开发工具,用VB编程实现。     

台湾岛对台风移动路径影响的分析

本文结合国内外近年来的观测事实和研究成果，针对过台泫岛地区台风的内力变化和诱生低压的产生机制进行动力学分析，从而说明台风经过该地区路径发生偏转和跳跃式不连续移动的可能原因。     

山东沿岸夏季栉孔扇贝大规模死亡原因分析

在对夏季高温期山东沿海栉孔扇贝大规模死亡现状调查的基础上,从山东沿岸栉孔扇贝养殖业发展的历史,生态,环境和种质等方面分析了栉孔扇贝大规模死亡的原因,认为大规模死亡的根本原因是长期订养殖导致养殖环境的老化或恶化及栉孔扇贝抗逆能力下降,而在夏季高温期,海区饵料明显不足,栉孔扇贝本身消耗增大,养殖水体自身污染加剧及病原体大量滋生更为直接的原因。     

三个进入江西的台风路径和暴雨形成机制对比分析

2006年7月14日—8月11日,“碧利斯”、“格美”、“桑美”3个台风先后进入江西,均产生了较强的区域性暴雨或大暴雨。利用常规资料和T213资料,对这3个台风的移动路径和暴雨形成机制进行了对比分析。分析结果表明,台风登陆后,由于副高形态和演变的不同,使得各台风路径变化不同。由于“碧利斯”登陆后与强西南季风结合,造成“碧利斯”暴雨的水汽、动力、热力条件均强于“格美”和“桑美”,从而使“碧利斯”暴雨的强度和范围明显强于“格美”和“桑美”。