陕西凤县八方山-二里河（铜）铅锌矿床地质特征及成矿模式

在综合分析凤-太矿集区成矿构造特征的基础上，依据以往总结的凤．太矿田铅锌、金矿聚矿构造模式，通过对八方山-二里河铅锌矿床地质特征的分析，总结了找矿标志，初步认为八方山-二里河（铜）铅锌矿床的成矿模式为：“前泥盆纪海底热水喷流沉积一印支-燕山期构造改造型”铅锌矿床。认为成矿物质来源于基底，后期的构造-岩浆改造使基底成矿元素活化，沿同生断裂迁移、改造，最后在泥盆系中形成的扩容性构造部位富集成矿。提出了下一步扩大找矿的方向和建议。     

Orogenic Gold Mineralization in the Qolqoleh Deposit, Northwestern Iran

The Qolqoleh gold deposit is located in the northwestern part of the Sanandai‐Sirjan Zone, northwest of Iran. Gold mineralization in the Qolqoleh deposit is almost entirely confined to a series of steeply dipping ductile–brittle shear zones generated during Late Cretaceous–Tertiary continental collision between the Afro‐Arabian and the Iranian microcontinent. The host rocks are Mesozoic volcano‐sedimentary sequences consisting of felsic to mafic metavolcanics, which are metamorphosed to greenschist facies, sericite and chlorite schists. The gold orebodies were found within strong ductile deformation to late brittle deformation. Ore‐controlling structure is NE–SW‐trending oblique thrust with vergence toward south ductile–brittle shear zone. The highly strained host rocks show a combination of mylonitic and cataclastic microstructures, including crystal–plastic deformation and grain size reduction by recrystalization of quartz and mica. The gold orebodies are composed of Au‐bearing highly deformed and altered mylonitic host rocks and cross‐cutting Au‐ and sulfide‐bearing quartz veins. Approximately half of the mineralization is in the form of dissemination in the mylonite and the remainder was clearly emplaced as a result of brittle deformation in quartz–sulfide microfractures, microveins and veins. Only low volumes of gold concentration was introduced during ductile deformation, whereas, during the evident brittle deformation phase, competence contrasts allowed fracturing to focus on the quartz–sericite domain boundaries of the mylonitic foliation, thus permitting the introduction of auriferous fluid to create disseminated and cross‐cutting Au‐quartz veins. According to mineral assemblages and alteration intensity, hydrothermal alteration could be divided into three zones: silicification and sulfidation zone (major ore body); sericite and carbonate alteration zone; and sericite–chlorite alteration zone that may be taken to imply wall‐rock interaction with near neutral fluids (pH 5–6). Silicified and sulfide alteration zone is observed in the inner parts of alteration zones. High gold grades belong to silicified highly deformed mylonitic and ultramylonitic domains and silicified sulfide‐bearing microveins. Based on paragenetic relationships, three main stages of mineralization are recognized in the Qolqoleh gold deposit. Stage I encompasses deposition of large volumes of milky quartz and pyrite. Stage II includes gray and buck quartz, pyrite and minor calcite, sphalerite, subordinate chalcopyrite and gold ores. Stage III consists of comb quartz and calcite, magnetite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite and gold ores. Studies on regional geology, ore geology and ore‐forming stages have proved that the Qolqoleh deposit was formed in the compression–extension stage during the Late Cretaceous–Tertiary continental collision in a ductile–brittle shear zone, and is characterized by orogenic gold deposits.     

津巴布韦大岩墙南段两翼铬铁矿床特征及成因探讨

津巴布韦大岩墙蕴含丰富的铬铁矿资源，不同部位成矿特征存在差异。钙碱性铁质基性-超基性岩浆结晶分异过程中伴随着铬铁矿的成矿作用，南部岩浆房两翼300 m深度范围内共赋存7个不连续的铬铁矿层，矿层垂向间距30~50 m，南部矿层发育优于北部；铬铁矿层厚度多为0.2~1 m，铬铁矿层发育于辉橄岩系和辉石岩系的接触部位，三者呈渐变式过渡接触，共同构成典型的韵律结构；两翼矿层产状呈对称状倾向于岩墙的轴部，倾角约为10°~20°；矿石多为自形-半自形微细粒结构，稀疏浸染状及中等浸染状构造，矿石为需选贫铬矿石，w（Cr₂O₃）=5%~30%，且矿体内Pt+Pd含量可观。大岩墙南段两翼铬铁矿为典型的早期岩浆结晶分异矿床，后期构造运动加剧了矿层的不连续性，并对局部岩矿层产状产生改造，蛇纹石化蚀变形成了指示矿体的标志性斑杂构造岩。     

广西东兰某地微粒型金矿地质特征和成因分析

东兰金矿产于中三叠世早期板纳组复理石沉积建造层间破碎硅化蚀变带中。矿体呈层状,似层状和脉状。矿石类型为褐铁矿化破碎硅化砂岩、石英细脉和层状复理石韵律矿石。含金矿物主要为褐铁矿、黄铁矿和有机质。具有层间破碎、碎粒、沉积结构构造特征,属典型成岩—后生型层控矿床。矿床成因与生物礁的消失、碎屑流事件、深水火山碎屑泥质上超盆地靠近天峨孤立碳酸盐台地缓坡深水沉积部位、复理石浊积岩相、印支期天峨背斜东南翼层间破碎硅化蚀变带,以及有机质的热解和分异有关。     

Ca, Al-rich inclusions in Yamato 791717 (CO3) carbonaceous chondrite: Formation and alteration

In three polished thin sections of Yamato 791717 (CO3). fifty-five Ca, Al-rich inclusions were found, which include two hibonite-bearing, eight melilite-rich and forty-five spinel-pyroxene inclusions. Based on the petrography and mineral chemistry of the inclusions, it is proposed that the melilite-rich inclusions and spinel-pyroxene inclusions condensed in the solar nebula, and the hibonite-bearing inclusions crystallized from melts. The heavy alteration of the inclusions in Yamato 791717, which probably took place under a very oxidizing condition in the solar nebular, is also confirmed. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49673200). and by the Japanese Society for Promotion of Sciences (JSPS).     

比值—特征主成分混合分析提取金矿蚀变信息：以赣南遂川地区为例

在分析与金矿有关的两类蚀变岩的ＴＭ波谱特征的基础上,以赣南遂川地区为实验区,利用比值－特征主成分混合分析进行了金矿蚀变岩信息提取,为找矿预测和野外工作指明了方向。     

湖南宝山铜钼铅锌银多金属矿田围岩蚀变与矿化分带特征

宝山铜钼铅锌银矿田主要由中部、东部、西部和北部４个矿床组成,属岩浆期后高中温含矿热液接触交代矽卡岩型铜钼金属铋矿床、中低温热液充填交代铅锌银矿床。矿田围岩蚀变强烈,并与矿化关系密切,具有以岩体为中心向外呈现明显的围岩蚀变和矿化分带特征,可作为找矿的重要标志。     

Digital quantification of the miospore coloration to assess the thermal maturity: Novel RGB-based measuring technique

The post depositional thermal maturity and its related chemical changes induce the sporomorphs color alteration, which is a common useful tool in the optical microscopy of the organic matters (OM) and their pre-geochemical studies. The present contribution uses the modern available opportunity of digital technology to achieve a quantifying system technique, which includes color measurements and their possible graphic presentation. The normal digital images of sporomorphs from several ages and geological settings are used to obtain color measurements in the form of digital Red, Green and Blue triple color system (RGB). These measurements were accomplished using some software programs such as Photoshop™^© or ImageJ with employing average microscope setup. The triple RGB color readings are plotted on a ternary diagram, which is divided into three fields. These fields express the maturity levels. The presented new RGB-based quantifying technique is economic and provides a simple examination for maturity, which is linked to the hydrocarbon generation. This can partially replace or walk side by side with the vitrinite reflectance microscopy.     

准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷风城组页岩自生长英质矿物的成因机理及其储层改造意义

玛湖凹陷二叠系风城组是近几年准噶尔盆地页岩油接替的主攻领域,但其页岩成岩改造强烈,原始岩性归属尚不明确。X射线粉晶衍射测得风城组页岩黏土矿物含量普遍较低（<10%）,长英质矿物含量较高（60%~80%）。薄片分析发现风城组长英质页岩存在三种类型：① 粉砂级（4~63 μm）长石和石英碎屑含量丰富,为典型的粉砂岩;② 燧石条带和团块发育,为富硅页岩;③ 长英质基质发育,呈非碎屑状,且火山尘及火山玻璃少见,其矿物组成和形态与典型的黏土岩、粉砂岩及沉凝灰岩明显不同。背散射图像和高精度扫描电镜测得该长英质基质由碎屑和自生石英、钾长石和钠长石共同组成,可见黏土矿物、碎屑钾长石和钠长石向自生石英转化,碎屑钾长石向自生钠长石转化。通过调研全球中新生代碱湖沉积中自生硅酸盐矿物组合特征和成岩演化规律,探讨了二叠系风城组“贫”黏土矿物和“富”自生长英质矿物的原因,并提出风城组发育一类“改造长英质页岩”,主要由原始黏土和长石碎屑矿物和火山物质经过多期成岩改造而成。早期高碱（pH>9）沉积和成岩环境增加了SiO2溶解度和元素铝的活性,导致黏土矿物、泥级—细粉砂级长英质碎屑、火山灰等在入湖后发生“溶解、转化”,形成次稳定的硅酸盐矿物,如沸石和含镁蒙皂石,在经历漫长埋藏成岩后进一步转化为更为稳定的石英、钾长石和钠长石。碱湖页岩的成岩改造过程消耗了黏土矿物和火山灰,极大增加了页岩脆性,同时伴生了大量基质溶孔和晶间孔,是一类优质的页岩储层。     

河南省西峡县高庄金矿床地质特征及找矿前景

朱阳关-夏关断裂是一条长大于400km,深达上地幔的超壳断裂,沿断裂出露有较多的燕山期花岗岩（脉）体及一系列Cu、Au、Ag、Pb、Zn异常,有色金属、贵金属成矿作用明显。高庄金矿床赋存在朱阳关-夏关断裂次级断裂带中,为海底火山喷流-岩浆-构造热液叠加改造形成的含金石英脉-蚀变构造岩型金矿。本文分析了高庄金矿床特征,找矿标志。提出了在朱阳关-夏关断裂带中寻找金多金属矿床潜力较大。随着深部地质找矿的进一步开展,本区可成为我国重要的金多金属矿产基地。