Organic Material and Trace Elements of Bituminous Rocks in the Ozankiiy Field, Ankara, Turkey

Bituminous rocks in the Ozankoey （Ankara） field are different from those of the Paleocene- Eocene Mengen and Giineytepe （Bolu） regions in metal enrichment levels. Organic carbon （Corg） content of organic material-rich rocks in the Ozankoey （Ankara） field is 3.66-40.72% wt averaging 14.34%. The dominant organic materials are algae/amorphous accompanied by minor amount of herbaceous material （The dominant kerogen type is Type-I with a limited amount of Type-Ⅱ kerogen.）. The bituminous rocks in the Ozankoey field are enriched in heavy metals such as Ni, Mn, As and Cr. In comparison with the average enrichment values of dements, Ni, Mn, As and Cr in bituminous shales of the Ozankoey field are as about 4.38, 14.93, 10.90 and 5.58 times as average values. The average concentrations of these heavy metals are also as high as 215× 10^-6, 828 × 10^-6, 58.54 × 10^-6, and 148 × 10^-6 respectively. In addition, sorption properties of day and organic materials are also important for metal enrichments in the bituminous shales.     

掺入矿渣的水泥土强度模型试验研究及其配方优化

选取深港西部通道深圳侧接线工程范围内有代表性的淤泥土样,采用均匀设计U20(52×4)安排室内试验,建立了掺入矿渣水泥土的抗压强度回归模型;分析了混合固化剂掺入比、矿渣占固化剂的质量比和龄期及其交互作用对抗压强度的影响;模型预测值和室内平行试验的对比分析表明:该模型具有一定的可信度。模型表明矿渣占混合固化剂的质量比在一定区间内(40%~70%)对水泥土强度的增强效果显著,这与工程实践相吻合;为确定优化配比,建立了求解用多目标优化函数。考虑到现场条件与室内试验的差别,建立了12组相同配比的室内试块及现场搅拌桩对比试验,结果表明:现场搅拌桩的水泥土无侧限强度远低于室内水泥土试块强度,矿渣的增强作用与室内试验各龄期基本一致。     

邯邢煤田岩浆侵入及对煤层煤质的影响

根据邯邢煤田岩浆侵入特点,分析岩浆侵入煤系层位与分布规律,岩浆侵入体的产状及岩性特征。邯邢煤田岩浆岩的侵入,不仅破坏了该区煤层的连续性和完整性,减少了煤炭的可采储量,并使煤层的物理性质、化学成分和工艺性能也发生了显著变化,致使煤质变差,煤炭工业价值降低。     

金川软岩蠕变破坏机理电镜实验研究

为探讨金川矿岩石蠕变破坏机理,应用微观扫描电镜(SEM)对蠕变受力情况下岩石破坏断口微观形态进行了观察研究,并分析了其产生的微观破坏机制。结果表明:岩石蠕变断裂的微观机制主要是拉伸、剪切作用下岩石发生脆性断裂,从岩石断裂微观形态研究岩石蠕变断裂,可以更好的揭示岩石断口微观形貌特征、裂纹生核、扩展、及断裂方式与岩石蠕变演进过程的联系。     

Residual strength of slip zones of large landslides in the Three Gorges area, China

Slip zones of the large landslides in the Three Gorges area are commonly composed of fine-grained soils with substantial amount of coarse-grained particles, particularly gravel-sized particles. In this study, residual strength of the soils from slip zones of these landslides were examined in relation to their index properties based on a survey of 170 landslides. It was found that laboratory-determined residual friction angle using gravel-free fraction of the disturbed soils from the slip zones was closely related to clay content, liquid limit and plasticity index. On the other hand, in-situ residual friction angle of these soils (i.e. including gravel fraction) showed very weak correlations with clay content and Atterberg limits, but was largely dependent on gravel and fines (clays + silts) contents, increasing with gravels and decreasing with fines, and displayed strong linear correlation with the ratio of gravel to fines contents. These observations indicate that among the index properties, clay content and Atterberg limits can be used to estimate residual strength of the soils finer than 2 mm, but they are not appropriate evaluate the residual strength of the soils containing considerable amount of gravel-sized particles. For the latter, particle size distribution (particularly the ratio of gravel to fines contents) appears to be a useful index. Additionally, it was found that there was no identifiable correlation between relative abundance of individual major clay minerals and residual friction angles of both gravel-free fraction of disturbed and in-situ soils, suggesting that influence of clay minerals on residual strength of these soils can not be simply evaluated based on their abundance.     

Organic Material and Trace Elements of Bituminous Rocks in the Ozank(?)y Field,Ankara,Turkey

Bituminous rocks in the Ozank(?)y(Ankara) field are different from those of the Paleocene- Eocene Mengen and Güineytepe(Bolu) regions in metal enrichment levels.Organic carbon(C_(org)) content of organic material-rich rocks in the Ozank(?)y(Ankara) field is 3.66-40.72% wt averaging 14.34%.The dominant organic materials are algae/amorphous accompanied by minor amount of herbaceous material(The dominant kerogen type is Type-Ⅰwith a limited amount of Type-Ⅱkerogen.). The bituminous rocks in the Ozank(?)y field are enriched in heavy metals such as Ni,Mn,As and Cr.In comparison with the average enrichment values of elements,Ni,Mn,As and Cr in bituminous shales of the Ozank(?)y field are as about 4.38,14.93,10.90 and 5.58 times as average values.The average concentrations of these heavy metals are also as high as 215×10~(-6),828×10~(-6),58.54×10~(-6),and 148×10~(-6) respectively.In addition,sorption properties of clay and organic materials are also important for metal enrichments in the bituminous shales.     

冀中饶阳凹陷大王庄地区古近系沉积演化特征与储盖组合分析

冀中饶阳凹陷大王庄地区古近系属断陷湖盆演化阶段,分为断陷分割期、断陷扩张期和断陷萎缩期3个时期,发育辫状河三角洲、滨浅湖和曲流河3类沉积体系。在等时地层格架内,分析了该地区沉积演化特征和储盖组合的分布及时空展布规律,指出该区古近系主要发育沙三段、沙二段、沙一段和东营组4套储盖组合,其中沙一段储盖组合为最有利的含油储盖组合。     

盐井二次定向对接连通施工工艺

新汶矿业集团泰山盐化工ZJ03-PJ03井组为一对定向连通采卤井井组，采用二次定向钻井连通施工工艺，技术套管下入深度907．6m（8矿层顶板），有效地阻隔了上部含较多杂质的岩盐矿层，确保了卤水质量能满足盐化工的需要。本对接连通井组，采用随钻测量井斜、方位及钻进轨迹控制技术，为该井组的顺利对接提供了技术保障。     

声波测井岩石波速统计分析

通常不同岩性的声波速度不同,同一岩性因裂隙发育和风化程度不同,声波速度也不相同。声波测井技术就是依据岩层的这一特性,划分不同岩层及岩层的风化破碎程度。这里对某铁路线的勘测的声波测井结果进行统计分析,给出了测区钻孔揭露的主要岩石较完整状态的声波波速统计值和异常发育概率统计。     

Experiments on the primary migration of oil from source rocks

Simulation experiments on the primary migration of oil were carried out on massive samples. The results proved that oil generated from source rocks was expelled in the form of an independent oil phase. High oil-expulsion efficiency was observed. It follows that the primary migration of oil is not directly dependent on the quantity of oil generated from the source rocks. Therefore, the oil-expulsion proportion was high though some source rocks yielded only a limited amount of oil. A great deal of gas was produced at the same time of oil-generation. Thus, it can be concluded that the main expulsion energy for oil primary migration came from these gases.