优质学区社区邻里交往特征及其社会空间效应——以南京市银城小学学区为例

优质学区社区作为当前最为活跃的城市社会空间之一,深刻影响着城市社会空间的重构与分异。基于邻里交往的视角,利用针对南京市银城小学学区居民的问卷调查,分析了优质学区社区的邻里交往特征,据此揭示其社会-空间效应。结果表明:(1)作为典型的名校学区社区,银城小学学区的邻里交往表现出低相识度、浅层次、网络化、低认同度、以教育为中心的特点。(2)透过邻里交往讨论优质学区社区的社会-空间特征:居住和交往空间日益成为物质空壳,交往主体和行为成为没有内容和情感支持的“形式”,流动性加剧又引致社会认同锁定在低水平而难以提升。(3)根本上,优质学区社区的社会-空间凸显分离甚至对立的趋势,不断催生学区社区的异化。     

隧道现场围岩级别判定方法探讨

通过六潜高速公路康皮畈一号隧道围岩级别的判定方法的成功应用,探讨了快速、客观、准确判断围岩级别的简便方法,可为同类工程提供借鉴。     

模型参数估计的优效性

本文根据多参数的R-C不等式和优效计量定理,得到了函数模型和随机模型参数估计的方差下界公式。函数模型的参数估计是优效估计量,但随机模型的参数估计即方差分量估计不是优效估计量;作为特例,单位权方差的估计是优效估计量,同时证明了函数模型和随机模型参数估计的不相关性。     

地下开采中优势面控灾机理分析

煤矿地下开采事故屡见不鲜。氨今为止,尚没有一种完善的理论能对灾害事故发生展布机理作出很好的解释。本文据诸多实例了优势面控水、控稳的两类机制,并建立了相应的优势指标和评价准则,为地下开采灾害控制研究提出一种新的思想和分析方法。     

基于数值预报及上级指导产品的本地气温MOS预报方法

利用恩施基准站2008—2011年地面实测资料、数值预报产品、上级台站指导产品,采用M(数值模式预报)、E(天气学经验)、D(诊断分析)相结合的方法(简称MED),从气温变化的影响因素如大气稳定度、温度平流、水汽条件等设计具有物理意义的预报因子。或根据需要进行因子的组合叠加利用,并将指导产品直接作为预报因子。利用常规统计预报方法(逐步回归),将高、低温实况作为预报对象来建立地方气温预报模式。结果表明:将天空状况进行分型后建立地方气温MOS预报模型,并对应高低温一般出现时间段来选取数值预报产品因子进行预报,对本地气温预报质量的提高有积极的意义;模型建立过程中,综合采用了MED相结合的方法,并应用了数值预报再加工因子,考虑了天气系统变化对气温的影响,增强了数值预报的解释应用能力;参考客观数值模式产品、上级业务部门指导产品相结合的综合MOS预报方法,建立地方气温MOS预报是提高本地天气预报准确率的有效尝试。检验结果也表明,本地气温MOS预报效果较好,明显高于指导预报,已较好应用于实际业务中。     

刚果民主共和国三级成矿区带划分

刚果(金)前寒武纪地质构造初步划分为太古宙刚果克拉通(>2500Ma)、中元古代活动带(1800~1100Ma)和新元古代(1100~550Ma)活动带。刚果(金)共划分出11个Ⅲ级成矿区带,其中新元古代中非铜-钴成矿带(Ⅲ-8)、中元古代基巴拉锡-铌-钽多金属成矿带(Ⅲ-5)和中元古代卡拉圭-安科莱锡-铌-钽多金属成矿带(Ⅲ-6)是世界上著名的成矿带。最后分析了刚果金具有优势的矿产资源有金刚石、铜、钴、钽、铌、铀、金和铁。     

RESEARCH ON REGIONAL COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT IN DEVELOPED REGIONS-THE CASE OF SHANGHAI-NANJING-HANGZHOU AREA

The developed regions are faced with the problems of regional comprehensive development, and the research on regional comprehensive development has become a trend in the world. To optimize regional industrial structure and to select and determine scientifically the spatial development strategy of regional industries are the central themes to be solved for the research on regional comprehensive development in the developed regions. This paper proposed the basis for optimizing regional industrial structure, and the main factors of selecting and determining the regional leading industries. Based on this, the paper puts forward the leading industries and the spatial development strategy in Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou area in the future ten or more years. Combined with the situation of Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou area, the paper also discusses some problems of locating superior developing axis to benefit the rational distribution of regional productive forces.     

The Granada ignimbrite: A compound pyroclastic unit and its relationship with Upper Miocene caldera volcanism in the northern Puna

The Granada ignimbrite, an Upper Miocene volcanic unit from the northern Puna, previously has been interpreted as an extensive ignimbrite (>2300 km²) associated with eruptions from the Vilama caldera (trap-door event). On the basis of new data, we revise its correlation and redefine the unit as a compound, high aspect ratio ignimbrite, erupted at approximately 9.8 Ma. Calculated volumes (100 km³) are only moderate in comparison with other large volume (>1000 km³) ignimbrites that erupted approximately 2–6 m.y. later in the region (e.g. Vilama, Panizos, Atana). Six new volcanic units are recognized from sequences previously correlated with Granada (only one sourced from the same center). Consequently, the area ascribed to the Granada ignimbrite is substantially reduced (630 km²), and links to the Vilama caldera are not supported. Transport directions suggest the volcanic source for the Granada ignimbrite corresponds to vents buried under younger (7.9–5 Ma) volcanic rocks of the Abra Granada volcanic complex. Episodes of caldera collapse at some stage of eruption are likely, though their nature and timing cannot be defined from available data. The eruption of the Granada ignimbrite marks the onset of a phase of large volume (caldera-sourced) volcanism in the northern Puna.     

Geomorphological evolution of the Tilcara alluvial fan (Jujuy Province, NW Argentina): Tectonic implications and palaeoenvironmental considerations

The development and evolution of the Tilcara alluvial fan, in the Quebrada de Humahuaca (Andean Eastern Cordillera, NW Argentina), has been analysed by using geomorphological mapping techniques, sedimentological characterisation of the deposits and OSL chronological methods. It is a complex segmented alluvial fan made up of five evolutionary stages (units Qf1, Qf2, Qf3, Qf4 and Qf5) developed under arid climatic environments as well as compressive tectonic conditions. Segmentation processes, including aggradation/entrenchment cycles and changes in the location of the depositional lobe, are mainly controlled by climatic and/or tectonic changes as well as channel piracy processes in the drainage system. Alluvial fan deposits include debris flows, sheet flows and braided channel facies associated with high water discharge events in an arid environment. The best mean OSL age estimated for stage Qf2 is 84.5 ± 7 ka BP. In addition, a thrust fault affecting these deposits has been recognized and, as a consequence, the compressive tectonics must date from the Upper Pleistocene in this area of the Andean Eastern Cordillera.     

温度对污染土电阻率影响的试验研究

应用二相电极法研制了低频交流电阻测试仪,对南京工业污染土进行了电阻率随温度变化的试验测定。结果表明,随着温度的升高,污染土电阻率降低,电阻率随温度的变化呈良好的对数关系。结合目前应用较多的温度校正Keller和Frischnecht法和Campbell法,提出了最理想校正温度法,并推导出了相应的计算公式。试验证明,对于污染土,最理想校正温度法比Keller和Frischnecht法和Campbell法效果更好,拟合精度更高。