Engineering geological conditions and features of geologic hazards in Wudongde reservoir of Jinshajiang River valley

There is a great difference between the distribution and evolvement characteristics of slope geological hazard in the same geographical location and climatic conditions,taking the similar structural-genetic connection in Wudongde reservoir area of Jinshajiang River valley for example.In all engineering geological conditions,the chronologic age and attitude of strata,and the lithologic association factors control the distributions and evolvement characteristics of slope geological hazard in the studied area.The study shows that the slopes in geological evolution are in different stages.The conclusion helps to understand the types and the intensity of geological disasters.     

边坡模型边界效应及材料孔隙率敏感性研究

通过自制的新型试验装置进行不同边界情况下的边坡模型变形破坏研究。探讨了边坡模型破坏开始时的坡角（破坏角）与边界条件的关系。试验结果表明,该破坏角会与模型厚度成一定的反比关系,但随着模型厚度超过一定值,边界条件造成的影响将趋于弱化,同时,运用数学手段定量地印证了这种关系形式。另外,还通过试验验证了相比于边界条件而言,破坏角的变化幅度会对模型材料的孔隙率更加敏感。基于所得结果,可对试验装置进行改进,并优化试验手段。     

京九铁路江淮段降水型路基坍塌的地质、降水条件分析

京九铁路是新开辟的连接北京和香港九龙的南北大动脉,1996年9月正式通车。其中江淮段指淮河与长江之间的 306.1 km区段,自河南淮滨站至湖北蕲春站。由于沿线地形复杂,降水强度大,路基坍塌成为安全运行的主要危害。据统计,1997－2007年间,发生各种坍塌灾害455次,毁坏路段总长约53 000 m。运用京九铁路江淮段地质资料、1997－2007年 11 a间所发生的路基坍塌资料和铁路沿线10个气象站雨量实况资料,对京九铁路江淮段地质地岩状况进行了分类,分级处理了不同地质条件下路基坍塌的发生频次和强度,详细分析了路基坍塌发生前24～72 h雨量,得到诱发京九铁路江淮段路基坍塌灾害的地质条件和降水阀值,并对各种不同地质条件下发生路基坍塌的降水阀值及其超过阀值后灾害次数上升情况进行评述,绘制出京九铁路江淮段路基坍塌易发程度等级分区图,提出了相应的处治方法和系统图。可见不利地质条件与强降水共同作用是导致某些路段路基集中坍塌的根本原因。     

On a power series solution to the Boussinesq equation

For certain initial and boundary conditions the Boussinesq equation, a nonlinear partial differential equation describing the flow of water in unconfined aquifers, can be reduced to a boundary value problem for a nonlinear ordinary differential equation. Using Song et al.'s (2007) [7] approach, we show that for zero head initial condition and power-law flux boundary condition at the inlet boundary, the solution in the form of power series can be obtained with Barenblatt's (1990) [2] rescaling procedure applied to the power series solution obtained in Song et al. (2007) [7] for the power-law head boundary condition. Polynomial approximations can then be obtained by taking terms from the power series. Although for a small number of terms the newly obtained approximations may be worse than polynomial approximations obtained by other techniques, any desired accuracy can be achieved by taking more terms from the power series.     

四川省地震堰塞湖及其形成条件

据统计调查,从公元前26年至今的2千余年里,四川省至少有9次地震事件形成过堰塞湖.本文简述了这 9次地震堰塞湖及其灾害情况,并在此基础上分析总结出地震堰塞湖形成的充分条件为:所在地区地震烈度大于等于Ⅷ度,且堰塞湖的数量和规模与烈度值呈正相关关系;地形为高山峡谷江(河)段,两岸或一侧为高陡的岩壁或台地前缘;岩性条件为江(河)两岸或一侧存在较破碎的基岩或巨厚的松散堆积体.在满足上述充分条件下,若恰遇雨季或震后连降暴雨,则形成地震堰塞湖的可能性剧增,溃坝产生次生水灾的危险性也随之增大.     

Effect of Initial Stress Conditions on the Threshold Shear Strain of Nanjing’s Saturated Fine Sand

By using GDS dynamic hollow cylinder torsional apparatus, a series of cyclic torsional triaxial tests under complex initial consolidation condition are performed on Nanjing saturated fine sand. The effects of the initial principal stress direction α0, the initial ratio of deviatoric stress η0, the initial average effective principal stress p0 and the initial intermediate principal stress parameter b0 on the threshold shear strain y, of Nanjing saturated fine sand are then systematically investigated. The results show that y, increases as η0, P0 and b0 increase respectively, while the other three parameters remain constant. α0 has a great influence on y,, which is reduced when α0 increases from 0° to 45° and increased when α0 increases from 45° to 90°. The effect of α0 on γt plays a leading role and the effect of η0 will weaken when α0 is approximately 45°.     

局域化相空间中的VSP偏移成像方法(英文)

对VSP资料进行偏移成像可提高井附近地下结构的成像分辨率。本文给出了一种基于局域化相空间波场分解的VSP偏移成像方法。此方法采用了基于Gabor-Daubechies紧标架的延拓算子(G-D延拓算子)及其高频渐近形式对相空间波场进行延拓;基于局部平面假设,提出了一种局部角度域相关成像条件。合成和实际VSP资料的偏移成像结果表明,在满足渐近展开的条件下利用G-D延拓算子的高频近似式能够有效的减少计算时间;采用局部角度域相关成像条件能够在不增加计算量的同时,有效减弱VSP成像剖面上的偏移假象。     

伺服阀对地震模拟振动台控制性能影响及控制参数自整定

振动台控制系统设计时对物理系统进行了两个基本假设:伺服阀线性、台面和负载刚性。这样得到的控制系统频带较窄、时滞大,还有可能出现控制系统不稳定。本文通过系统建模,主要分析了伺服阀对振动台控制性能的影响:伺服阀频率特性限制了其控制精度。设计了前馈补偿环节、控制系统参数自整定算法修正系统控制性能,实例仿真结果表明:修正后的算法扩宽了系统频带,提高了地震记录的再现精度。     

Experimental evaluation of vulnerability for urban segmental tunnels subjected to normal surface faulting

Faulting is one type of permanent ground displacement (PGD); tunnels are at the risk of damage when they are susceptible to faulting. The present study proposes an experimental approach to create the fragility curves for shallow segmental tunnels in alluvial deposits subjected to normal surface faulting. Centrifuge testing was carried out in order to achieve this purpose. The proposed approach allows evaluation of new fragility curves considering the distinctive features of tunnel geometry and fault specifications. The comparison between the new fragility curves and the existing empirical curves was discussed as well. Compared to tunnels in rock, tunnels in alluvial deposits are more susceptible to failure because of different mechanisms of collapse into tunnel at large exerted PGD.     

水库大容量气枪震源激发条件优化实验研究

通过人工拾取震相,统计记录台站数、台站最远观测距离、接收能量等3个参数,自主研发了最优工况处理软件来研判工况激发效果,并确定棉花滩水库最优工况为水深25m,枪阵沉放深度9m,枪阵尺寸7m×7m。对定点300次激发的每10次累计叠加结果进行分析后发现,叠加1090次时激发效果快速增强,100150次时缓慢增强,160240次时快速增强,250300次时缓慢增强,即随着叠加次数的增加,激发效果增强,传播距离和记录台数也逐步增加。