延边地区明月沟组安山岩的形成时代与岩石成因:锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素证据

为确定延边地区明月沟组火山岩的形成时代、成因及构造背景,对明月沟组中的安山岩开展了岩石学、SIMS锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及锆石Hf同位素特征研究。结果表明:明月沟组安山岩中的锆石为岩浆成因锆石。代表安山岩形成时代的两件样品中锆石的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄分别为(111±4)Ma(n=6,MSWD=3.2)和(113±3)Ma(n=6,MSWD=1.4),属早白垩世晚期。岩石地球化学特征上,明月沟组安山岩相对富钠,属高钾钙碱性系列,具有明显富集大离子亲石元素(K、Ba)和轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素和Ta、Nb等高场强元素的特征,结合其Hf同位素组成特征,暗示明月沟组安山岩的源岩应为受俯冲板片流体成份参与的亏损地幔。结合区域构造演化背景,明月沟组安山岩的形成应与早白垩世古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆板块的斜向俯冲作用相关。     

新疆乌什县卡恰金矿原生晕地球化学异常特征分析

卡恰金矿床属于与火山热液有关的蚀变岩型金矿床,金矿体多呈规模不大的脉状、透镜状、分支脉状等形态分布于构造蚀变带中。文章通过对矿区进行系统的坑道和地表原生晕地球化学取样,分析研究了主要元素的组合、异常特征;对比坑道和地表元素地球化学主要指标变化特征,推测了元素向深部变化的趋势,为矿区深部及外围找矿工作提供了参考依据。     

赣东北蛇绿岩带新元古代(~800Ma)高镁安山岩的发现及其意义

在赣东北蛇绿岩带中的樟树墩地区新发现新元古代高镁安山岩,其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法年龄为794.8±6.0 Ma。它们的Si O2介于54.90%~58.45%,Al2O3介于15.31%~16.77%(平均小于16%);Ca O为2.46%~6.73%,Fe OT/Mg O变化于0.87~1.20,具有高Mg O(6.39%~8.76%)、高Mg#(64~71)特点;富集轻稀土元素且具弱负Eu异常,明显富集LILE而亏损HFSE,Sr含量(普遍200×10-6)和Sr/Y比值(4.11~7.29)均较低,具有典型高镁安山岩的地球化学特征,类似于日本Setouchi火山带的Sanukitoids。锆石εHf(t)值介于10.23~17.79之间,反映它们起源于亏损地幔。主、微量及同位素特征均表明,本区高镁安山岩是被俯冲板片释放的含水流体交代的地幔楔部分熔融的产物,形成于大洋岛弧(洋内弧)环境,指示赣东北地区在约800Ma前时仍存在洋壳俯冲,双溪坞弧尚未增生到扬子东南缘,暗示扬子和华夏两大陆块此时尚未碰撞拼合。     

新疆阿舍勒铜锌矿区潜玄武安山岩的岩石地球化学特征及其地质意义

对新疆阿舍勒铜锌矿区潜玄武安山岩进行了岩石学、岩石地球化学和同位素地球化学研究,结果表明:岩石具有中等的SiO_2(51.90%~52.85%)、MgO(4.44%~5.08%)、Al_2O_3(14.94%~16.11%)、TiO_2(0.99%~1.03%)含量,较低的K_2O(0.01%~0.27%)含量,属于低钾拉斑玄武岩系列;岩石具有较低的稀土元素总量,ΣREE=38.07×10~(-6)~41.70×10~(-6),亏损轻稀土元素,LREE/HREE=0.57~0.61,(La/Yb)N=0.84~0.91,具有明显Eu正异常(δEu=1.13~1.23);富集Sr、Ba、Th等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素,具有洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)和岛弧拉斑玄武岩(IAB)的特征,形成于岛弧(或弧前)环境;具有相对高的εNd(t)值(+6.9~+7.6),表明其原始岩浆来源于俯冲流体交代地幔楔的部分熔融,没有明显深海沉积物加入。结合阿尔泰造山带南缘的区域地质资料及潜玄武安山岩的地球化学特征,认为阿尔泰南缘在晚古生代处于活动大陆边缘,阿舍勒盆地处于岛弧(或弧前)背景。     

松潘-甘孜褶皱带复理石火山岩夹层时代及其地质意义

在四川北部松潘西北和甘肃南部合作市一带的上三叠统(深海沉积)复理石中发现了数套火山(碎屑)岩夹层。利用UPb同位素测年,获得4件安山岩、凝灰岩样品锆石的年龄加权平均值分别为205.9±1.6Ma、208.9±1.8Ma、210.4±1.6Ma和212.3±1.5Ma,时代属于晚三叠世诺利期晚期—瑞提期早期。此系第一次较为精准地报道松潘-甘孜褶皱带晚三叠世复理石火山岩夹层及其可能代表的火山喷发年龄。研究结果表明,直到瑞提期早期松潘-甘孜古残留海盆还未停止接受沉积物供给。该套火山(碎屑)岩的测年结果为松潘-甘孜褶皱带上三叠统复理石岩石地层单元的划分和对比提供了重要参考,同时为进一步约束华南与华北板块碰撞-造山事件时限提供了新证据。     

Generation of calc-alkaline andesite of the Tatun volcanic group (Taiwan) within an extensional environment by crystal fractionation

The Pliocene–Pleistocene northern Taiwan volcanic zone (NTVZ) is located within a trench-arc–back-arc basin and oblique arc–continent collision zone. Consequently the origin and tectonic setting of the andesitic rocks within the NTVZ and their relation to other circum-Pacific volcanic island-arc systems is uncertain. Rocks collected from the Tatun volcanic group (TTVG) include basaltic to andesitic rocks. The basalt is compositionally similar to within-plate continental tholeiites whereas the basaltic andesite and andesite are calc-alkaline; however, all rocks show a distinct depletion of Nb-Ta in their normalized incompatible element diagrams. The Sr-Nd isotope compositions of the TTVG rocks are very similar and have a relatively restricted range (i.e. I_Sr = 0.70417–0.70488; εNd_(T) = +2.2 to +3.1), suggesting that they are derived directly or indirectly from the same mantle source. The basalts are likely derived by mixing between melts from the asthenosphere and a subduction-modified subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) source, whereas the basaltic andesites may be derived by partial melting of pyroxenitic lenses within the SCLM and mixing with asthenospheric melts. MELTS modelling using a starting composition equal to the most primitive basaltic andesite, shallow-pressure (i.e. ≤1 kbar), oxidizing conditions (i.e. FMQ +1), and near water saturation will produce compositions similar to the andesites observed in this study. Petrological modelling and the Sr-Nd isotope results indicate that the volcanic rocks from TTVG, including the spatially and temporally associated Kuanyinshan volcanic rocks, are derived from the same mantle source and that the andesites are the product of fractional crystallization of a parental magma similar in composition to the basaltic andesites. Furthermore, our results indicate that, in some cases, calc-alkaline andesites may be generated by crystal fractionation of mafic magmas derived in an extensional back-arc setting rather than a subduction zone setting.     

Geochemical and geochronological constraints on the origin and emplacement of the Shimo-ondori diorites in Shikoku,Southwest Japan

In this study, the LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating of the Shimo-ondori diorites in the Shimanto accretionary complex of SW Japan provides ~130 Ma, representing the timing of their crystallization ages. Combined with the geological occurrence, that age clearly indicates that the diorites occur as blocks, not as intrusive rocks as suggested by previous studies. Moreover, the ages of the Shimo-ondori diorites are suggesstive that they could be influential for the estimate of the early-Cretaceous tectonic evolution for the eastern Asian margin. Their whole-rock chemical compositions show high MgO, Ni and Cr contents, and low total FeO/MgO ratios, indicating that they were crystallized from high magnesian andesite (HMA) magmas. Moreover, their TiO₂ and REE compositions suggest that they were formed by the same processes as the sanukites. And, the zircon Hf isotopic ratios (ε_Hf [~130 Ma] = +9.9 − +17.5), which is close to or slightly lower than that of the ~130 Ma depleted mantle, suggest that the wedge-mantle materials were predominantly involved in the formation of the dioritic magmas. Their geochronological and geochemical similarities of the Shimo-ondori diorites with the early Cretaceous adakites and HMAs in the eastern Asian margin suggest that they might have been formed possibly by the same slab rollback of the Izanagi plate at the early Cretaceous. After the crystallization of the Shimo-ondori diorites, they were delivered and deposited as blocks in a trench site with the surrounding sedimentary rocks of the Shimanto accretionary complex.     

青海玉树赵卡隆铁铜多金属矿床地质特征及成因探讨

赵卡隆铁铜多金属矿床产于三叠纪末期江达弧后裂谷热水沉积盆地中,具有铁、铜、金、铅锌等多金属矿化.矿体赋存于三叠系巴塘群上部碎屑岩组上岩性段地层中,严格受地层和岩性控制.各矿(体)群根据矿体分布部位不同划分为若干条矿体.火山喷发活动(安山岩)为成矿提供了物质来源和热源,同期火山岩具有富铝钠质低钾质特征,属安山岩类-拉斑玄...     

Eclogite-melt/peridotite reaction: Experimental constrains on the destruction mechanism of the North China Craton

To study the mechanism of melt-peridotite reaction pertinent to the destruction of the North China Craton (NCC) lithosphere, a series of experiments were performed at a pressure of 2.0 GPa and temperatures from 1250 to 1400°C using Bixiling eclogite and Damaping peridotite as starting materials. The experimental results show that the reaction between eclogite melt and peridotite causes dissolution of olivine and orthopyroxene and precipitation of clinopyroxene in the melt. The experimental run products, cha...     

辽西黄半吉沟早白垩世义县组高镁安山岩的成因

利用橄榄石和熔体包裹体,结合全岩的方法对辽西地区早白垩世义县组黄半吉沟火山岩的成因进行了研究。黄半吉沟火山岩SiO_2=53.41%~53.74%,MgO=8.15%~8.23%,Mg#=~70(Mg#=mol Mg/(Mg+Fe2+)),为高镁安山岩;全岩在TAS图解上,落在玄武安山岩范围内,属于亚碱性系列;它们具有较高Ni(119×10-6~125×10-6)和高Cr(467×10-6~521×10-6),显示幔源岩浆特征;在微量元素组成上,黄半吉沟高镁安山岩Sr=920×10-6~930×10-6,Y=16.1×10-6~16.4×10-6,Sr/Y=57~58;在微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图上,黄半吉沟高镁安山岩显示轻重稀土分异,明显的Nb-Ta-Ti和弱的Zr-Hf负异常,Ba、Sr和Pb正异常,这些特征与大陆下地壳非常相似。熔体包裹体MgO为6.5%~9.7%,SiO_2为51%~53%,不符合典型高镁安山岩的定义;在TAS图解上它们落在玄武粗安岩内,属于碱性系列;MgO与其它主量元素成分呈明显或者弱的负相关关系,说明它们的成分主要受控于橄榄石结晶分离过程。黄半吉沟高镁安山岩的橄榄石Fo值为75~91;CaO含量为0.10%~0.18%,NiO为0.05%~0.41%,Fe/Mn比值为60~80。黄半吉沟高镁安山岩的全岩和熔体包裹体成分存在显著差异,如熔体包裹体具有更高的Al2O3和更低的SiO_2。结合全岩微量元素特征,我们认为黄半吉沟高镁安山岩在地壳深度的岩浆演化过程中加入了来自下地壳的酸性熔体,是壳幔相互作用的结果。全岩较低Ni高Mg#,熔体包裹体低CaO并落在CATS-Olivine-Quartz相图的热障碍边界线富硅一侧,以及橄榄石低Ca和陡倾的Fo-Ni关系,指示黄半吉沟高镁安山岩的幔源岩浆是来自以斜方辉石为主辉石岩的源区。我们认为广泛发育于辽西地区的早白垩世义县组高镁安山岩可能经历了壳幔相互作用,因而不能作为拆沉作用导致岩石圈大规模减薄的重要证据。