胶西北中生代花岗岩中黑云母和角闪石成分特征及成岩成矿意义

在详细的野外地质和岩相学观察基础上,对胶西北中生代玲珑期、郭家岭期和伟德山期花岗岩中的黑云母和角闪石进行了系统的化学成分研究。结果显示,玲珑期,研究区中部和南部花岗岩中的黑云母为铁叶云母和铁质黑云母,其MgO为4.07%~6.53%,具有壳源型黑云母的特征;北部主要为铁质黑云母和镁质黑云母,MgO介于9.13%~11.57%之间,具壳幔混源型的特征;郭家岭期和伟德山期花岗岩中的黑云母以铁质黑云母和镁质黑云母为主,MgO为7.62%~15.38%,均为壳幔混源型,其中的角闪石均属于钙质角闪石,M值为0.44~0.76。暗色矿物成分显示玲珑期花岗岩的源区物质主要为壳源,郭家岭期和伟德山期的以壳源为主,有少量幔源组分参与。三期花岗岩中黑云母结晶温度主要集中于550~700℃,而角闪石的结晶温度为600~750℃,从玲珑期到郭家岭期再到伟德山期,即从早到晚,黑云母的结晶温度有升高的趋势;全铝压力计估算结果显示,黑云母和角闪石的结晶压力具有降低的趋势。郭家岭期和伟德山期花岗岩中黑云母结晶过程中的氧逸度分别为-15.0~-9.0和-15.3~-8.8,明显比玲珑期的(-17.5~-13.2)高。结合胶西北金矿的时空分布特征,认为花岗岩结晶过程中较高的氧逸度和幔源物质的参与可能是有利于金矿化的重要条件之一。     

西藏羌塘中部玛依岗日地区印支期花岗岩的地球化学特征

羌塘中部玛依岗日地区出露有一处印支期强过铝质钙碱性花岗岩(SP),属于S型花岗岩(CPGs的一种),不同于西藏南部广大的过铝质花岗岩(MPGs)。该花岗岩的地球化学特征表现为:A/CNK>1,刚玉标准分子的质量分数均大于1.21%,低Sr、Ba、Ti,富K、Rb、Th,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线具有略微右倾的V字形特征,具较强烈的Eu负异常(δEu=0.26～0.53,平均0.36)。CaO/Na2O<0.3,表明源岩为泥质岩石;Al2O3/TiO2<100,表明其为高温型(≥875℃)花岗岩。另外,该花岗岩(SP)与蓝片岩、榴辉岩的形成时代相同。在印支期晚期冈瓦纳大陆与欧亚大陆碰撞的过程中,炽热的幔源岩浆的底侵或注入引起了地壳中泥质源岩的脱水熔融,最终形成了该区的过铝质钙碱性花岗岩。     

胶东地区燕山期岩浆活动及其构造环境——来自单颗锆石SHRIMP年代学的记录

山东胶东地区中生代构造-岩浆事件和金矿成矿作用密切相关,其主要构造-岩浆事件包括:1220~200 Ma,扬子板块相对华北板块的南北向碰撞形成苏鲁高压-超高压变质带及同造山花岗岩与造山后高碱正长岩,属于典型的幔源型花岗岩系列;2 165~150 Ma,晚侏罗世时期形成与金矿有关的玲珑(昆嵛山)造山早期片麻状二长花岗岩组合,为过铝质花岗岩类,属胶东基底岩系的部分重熔产物。3 135~110 Ma,由壳幔混合岩浆结晶分异形成郭家岭花岗岩和伟德山花岗闪长岩。燕山期是胶东地区岩浆活动的鼎盛时期,表现为四次强烈的构造-岩浆事件,代表了燕山造山事件四个构造幕,并以挤压与伸展相互转化为特征。研究表明胶东地区中生代花岗岩具有继承性和再生性特点,采自郭家岭花岗闪长岩中的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素年代学测定结果表明:锆石由核部到边部年龄值分别为2573~2194Ma、164.8~147.8和126.6~126.2Ma,显示了胶东结晶基底、玲珑花岗岩和郭家岭花岗岩形成的年代学信息,揭示了它们之间复杂的继承性和再生性,即新太古代胶东岩群、TTG岩系和古元古代荆山群、粉子山群等胶东基底岩系交代重熔形成S型玲珑花岗岩,由壳幔混合岩浆形成的郭家岭花岗岩在形成与侵位过程中重熔交代了部分玲珑花岗岩物质并侵位于玲珑花岗岩中。分析认为2573.4~2194.4 Ma是胶东结晶基底的年龄信息,164.8~147.8Ma代表了玲珑花岗岩形成的年龄信息,126.2~126.6Ma则代表了郭家岭花岗岩形成的年龄信息。这种年龄信息组合也反映了胶东地区从新太古代陆块形成、古元古代克拉通化到三叠纪华北陆块与扬子陆块碰撞至玲珑S型花岗岩形成、郭家岭壳幔混合型花岗岩形成演化的年代学记录,浓缩了胶东地区中生代岩浆起源和演化的过程,进而为诠释胶东地区深部岩浆作用过程提供了新的资料,并对后续的相关科学研究尤其是金矿的多期成矿作用提供了佐证。     

Early Proterozoic syn-and postcollision granites in the northern part of the Baikal fold area

Early Proterozoic granitoids are of a limited occurrence in the Baikal fold area being confined here exclusively to an arcuate belt delineating the outer contour of Baikalides, where rocks of the Early Precambrian basement are exposed. Geochronological and geochemical study of the Kevakta granite massif and Nichatka complex showed that their origin was related with different stages of geological evolution of the Baikal fold area that progressed in diverse geodynamic environments. The Nichatka complex of syncollision granites was emplaced 1908 ± 5 Ma ago, when the Aldan-Olekma microplate collided with the Nechera terrane. Granites of the Kevakta massif (1846 ± 8 Ma) belong to the South Siberian postcollision magmatic belt that developed since ～1.9 Ga during successive accretion of microplates, continental blocks and island arcs to the Siberian craton. In age and other characteristics, these granites sharply differ from granitoids of the Chuya complex they have been formerly attributed to. Accordingly, it is suggested to divide the former association of granitoids into the Chuya complex proper of diorite-granodiorite association ～2.02 Ga old (Neymark et al., 1998) with geochemical characteristics of island-arc granitoids and the Chuya-Kodar complex of postcollision S-type granitoids 1.85 Ga old. The Early Proterozoic evolution of the Baikal fold area and junction zone with Aldan shield lasted about 170 m.y. that is comparable with development periods of analogous structures in other regions of the world.     

滇西新街岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素和地球化学及其构造意义

新街岩体位于昌宁-孟连带北段,主要岩性为二长花岗岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,新街岩体侵位于约82Ma。岩体Si O2含量为74.28%~75.17%,富钾(K2O/Na2O=1.44~1.73)和较低钙Ca O(0.37%~0.41%),铝饱和指数(A/CNK)为1.121~1.156,富集Rb、Th、K、LREE等元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、Zr、Hf等高场强元素。这些特征表明,新街岩体属于强过铝质S型花岗岩。新街岩体负且变化范围大的锆石εHf(t)值(-16.9~-0.5)和古老的Hf同位素地壳模式年龄(1.19~2.28Ga),表明其主要来源于古老地壳物质的重熔,并有不同程度的幔源物质加入。由于喜马拉雅新特提斯洋封闭发生在65Ma左右,新街岩体很可能是在喜马拉雅新特提斯洋洋壳俯冲的地球动力学背景下形成的。     

Petrogenesis and tectonic setting of Cadomian felsic igneous rocks, Sandıklı area of the western Taurides, Turkey

In the Sandıklı (Afyon) region, western Taurides, the Late Proterozoic rocks of the Sandıklı basement complex are composed of low-grade meta-sedimentary rocks (Güvercinoluk Formation) intruded by felsic rocks (Kestel Cayı Porphyroid Suite, KCPS). The KCPS is a deformed and highly sheared, dome-shaped rhyolitic body with a granitic core. Quartz porphyry dikes intrude both the slightly metamorphic igneous and the sedimentary rocks of the basement complex. Both the quartz porphyries and rhyolites were converted into mylonites with relict igneous textures. Geochemical data show that these felsic igneous rocks are subalkaline and mainly granitic in composition with SiO₂ >72 wt% and Al₂O₃ >11.5 wt%. The chondrite-normalized incompatible trace element patterns are characterized by distinct negative Rb, Nb, Sr, P, Ti, and Eu with enrichment in Th, U, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, and Zr. The REE patterns of the felsic rocks indicate a strong enrichment in LREE but display slightly flat HREE patterns. According to geochemical characteristics and petrogenetic modeling, extrusive and intrusive rocks of the KCPS were probably derived from an upper continental crustal source (partial melting of granites/felsic rocks) by 18–20% fractional melting plus 18–20% Rayleigh fractional crystallization, which seems to be the most effective igneous process during the crystallization of the KCPS. Single zircon age data from the granitoids and fossils from the disconformably overlying sedimentary successions indicate that the metamorphism and the igneous event in the Taurides are related to the Cadomian orogeny. Based on the geological, geochemical and petrogenetic correlation of the post-collisional granitoids it is further suggested that the Tauride belt in western central Turkey was in a similar tectonic setting to the Gondwanan terranes in North Africa (Younger Granitoids) and southern Europe (Spain, France, Bohemia, Brno Massifs) during the Late Cadomian period.     

新疆富蕴县恰库尔特—带碱性花岗岩的基本特征及形成的大地构造背景

恰库尔特一带的碱性花岗岩按侵入顺序和岩性可分为:晶洞(霓石)钾长花岗岩、(霓石)碱长花岗斑岩、霓石花岗岩.这些岩石大都含碱性暗色矿物.发育指示浅成特点的晶洞构造及文象结构,从矿物组合看岩石具贫水特征;岩石化学方面以高硅、高碱或过碱,贫铝、镁、钙为主要特征;岩石通常具有高的∑REE,其中以过碱性的霓石花岗岩为最高;轻稀土较重稀土富集,并具有强的负Eu异常;微量元素地球化学图谱表明,岩石相当于洋脊花岗岩,具有高钾、铷、钍的含量,而钡、钽、铌的富集程度相对较低.以上特征和区域构造分析表明,恰库尔特一带的碱性花岗岩为阿尔泰造山带造山作用结束以后于中晚三叠世的非造山环境下形成的A型花岗岩.     

内蒙古中部红格尔图地区花岗岩的成因及构造背景——LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学的制约

内蒙古察右后旗红格尔图花岗岩岩体位于索伦缝合带以南,主要为正长花岗岩和二长花岗岩,富硅(70.44%~78.80%),富碱(7.46%~10.74%),贫镁、铁、钛等,A/CNK值在0.95~1.41之间,碱铝指数AKI值在0.68~0.97之间,碱度率AR值在3.30~6.68之间,为弱过铝质-过铝质类碱性系列花岗岩;稀土元素总量变化范围大,轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损,Eu呈负异常(δEu=0.03~0.89);富集高场强元素Th、U、Hf、Ta、Y等,亏损大离子亲石元素Sr、Ba、Eu等;高场强元素和值((Zr+Nb+Ce+Y)350×10~(-6))明显偏低,该岩体属于高分异I型花岗岩,形成于后造山(后碰撞)伸展构造环境。LA-ICP-MS锆石同位素测年,获得锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值分别为267.2±1.4Ma、269.2±1.6Ma和272.1±1.2Ma,表明该岩体形成于中二叠世,因此研究区内两大板块碰撞缝合的时间应该至少早于该岩体的形成时代,即应该至少早于267.2~272.1Ma。     

西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带中段碰撞后A型花岗岩的时代及其对洋盆闭合时间的约束

近年来地质调查在班公湖-怒江缝合带中段发现了一批A型花岗岩,岩体呈面积不大(＜1 km2)的岩株产出,岩性上分为钾长花岗岩和花岗闪长斑岩两种,侵入白垩系地层中.岩石化学上这些A型花岗岩相对富硅,SiO2含量在68.62％～75.36％之间,全碱含量(K2O+Na2O=8.03％ ～ 9.37％)和全铁含量(FeO(T)...     

Geochemistry, Geochronology and Lu-Hf Isotopes of Peraluminous Granitic Porphyry from the Walegen Au Deposit, West Qinling Terrane

Walegen Au deposit is closely correlated with granitic intrusions of Triassic age, which are composed of granite and quartz porphyries. Both granite porphyry and quartz porphyry consist of quartz, feldspar and muscovite as primary minerals. Weakly peraluminous granite porphyry(A/CNK=1.10–1.15) is enriched in LREE, depleted in HREE with Nb-Ta-Ti anomalies, and displays subduction-related geochemistry. Quartz porphyry is strongly peraluminous(A/CNK=1.64–2.81) with highly evolved components, characterized by lower TiO_2, REE contents, Mg~#, K/Rb, Nb/Ta, Zr/Hf ratios and higher Rb/Sr ratios than the granite porphyry. REE patterns of quartz porphyry exhibit lanthanide tetrad effect, resulting from mineral fractionation or participation of fluids with enriched F and Cl. LAICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating indicates quartz porphyry formed at 233±3 Ma. The ages of relict zircons from Triassic magmatic rocks match well with the detrital zircons from regional area. In addition, ε_(Hf)(t) values of Triassic magmatic zircons from the granite and quartz porphyries are -14.2 to -9.1(with an exception of +4.1) and -10.8 to -8.6 respectively, indicating a crustal-dominant source. Regionally, numerous Middle Triassic granitoids were previously reported to be formed under the consumption of Paleotethyan Ocean. These facts indicate that the granitic porphyries from Walegen Au deposit may have been formed in the processes of the closing of Paleotethyan Ocean, which could correlate with the arc-related magmatism in the Kunlun orogen to the west and the Qinling orogen to the east.