铅锌在花岗质硅酸盐熔体和共存含水流体间分配机理的实验研究

本文利用作者首次设计改进的固液制样术、金管处理术及测试分析程序完成了铅、锌在花岗质硅酸盐熔体和共存含水流体间的分配实验,确定了一系列铅锌流-熔分配系数;并从分配模型和熔体地球化学等方面探讨了铅锌的流-熔分配规律和机理。实验结果和理论分析均表明,在含水花岗质岩浆体系中,氯(钠)有利于铅、锌的流-熔分离,而氟(钾)则相对地阻碍了这种分离。     

Geochemical modelling of a Zn–Pb skarn: Constraints from LA–ICP–MS analysis of fluid inclusions

The Bismark deposit (northern Chihuahua, Mexico) is one of several base metal-rich high-temperature, carbonate-replacement deposits hosted in northern Mexico. Previous fluid inclusion studies based on microthermometry and PIXE have shown that the Zn-rich, Pb-poor Bismark deposit formed from a moderate salinity magmatic fluid [Baker, T. and Lang, J.R., 2003. Reconciling fluid inclusion types, fluid processes, and fluid sources in skarns: an example from the Bismark Deposit, Mexico. Mineralium Deposita 38(4), 474–495; Baker, T., van Achterberg, E., Ryan, C.G. and Lang, J.R., 2004. Composition and evolution of ore fluids in a magmatic-hydrothermal skarn deposit. Geology 32(2), 117–120]. The exact precipitation mechanisms are unclear and may have due to cooling, salinity decrease and wall rock reaction. Furthermore, PIXE data suggested that Pb and Zn concentrations were comparable and inconsistent with the Zn-rich nature of the ore. However, Pb was commonly below the limit of detection for PIXE and the data presented by Baker et al. [Baker, T., van Achterberg, E., Ryan, C.G. and Lang, J.R., 2004. Composition and evolution of ore fluids in a magmatic-hydrothermal skarn deposit. Geology 32(2), 117–120] are regarded as the maximum concentrations of Pb in the fluid. In this study new LA ICP MS analysis was carried out on the same fluid inclusion population to compare with the PIXE data in order to constrain the uncertainty related to the Pb data and the new results are used to model possible ore deposition mechanisms. The new laser ablation data reveal overall lower concentrations of Pb in the ore fluid (average value ~ 285 ppm) than previously indicated by PIXE analysis (average value ~ 713 ppm). Chemical modelling using the new laser ablation data tested the following ore deposition processes: 1) cooling; 2) fluid–rock reaction at constant temperature; 3) cooling and simultaneous fluid–rock interaction. Modelling results show that the gangue and ore minerals observed at Bismark are best reproduced by fluid–rock interaction and simultaneous cooling. Results from the simulations strongly indicate that ore deposition was mainly driven by a pH increase due to the neutralization of the acidic ore fluid (pH = 3.9) as the result of the reaction with the limestone. Modelling results also suggest that the deposit likely formed under cooling conditions, but do not support the hypothesis of a temperature decrease as the principal ore-forming process.     

几内亚共和国博凯558铝土矿区地质特征

几内亚共和国博凯558铝土矿首期勘探区面积100Km^2,共圈定15个矿体,有6个单矿体达大型规模,其中5号矿体达特大型;为高品位的易采易选三水铝石型矿石;矿床的成因类型为辉长岩或玄武岩风化残积型。     

大兴安岭北部比利亚谷铅锌矿黄铁矿Re-Os同位素年龄及He-Ar同位素地球化学特征

比利亚谷铅锌矿位于海拉尔-根河中生代火山盆地北西缘的得尔布干成矿带.该矿床赋存于上侏罗统满克头鄂博组酸性火山岩中,受NW向断裂构造控制,主矿体呈脉状产出.由于缺少适合传统放射性同位素定年的矿物,其成矿时代未得到很好的限定,制约了对矿床成因的认识.本文采用矿床中与矿石矿物密切共生的黄铁矿Re-Os同位素定年技术对比利亚谷...     

散粒体矿山巷道围岩的变形规律研究

粉砂状矿体是一种典型的散粒体介质,在这种介质中开挖巷道和在运行过程中的巷道维护都存在很大的困难。掌握巷道围岩的变形规律是寻求合理的巷道施工原则和支护方案的前提条件。以金山店铁矿的中段穿脉巷道及其围岩（仅指粉砂状矿体部分）为研究对象,采用多种监测手段对巷道及其围岩的受力和变形进行了较长时间的观测,通过对监测资料的详细分析,得出了粉砂状矿体作为巷道围岩而具有的独特的变形规律。     

湖南仁里铌钽矿床矿体地球化学特征及其成因意义

仁里超大型铌钽矿床处于扬子陆块与华夏陆块交汇之江南隆起造山带、幕阜山岩体西南缘,是我国东部近年来新发现的超大型、高品位花岗伟晶岩型铌钽矿。为了查明矿体中伟晶岩地球化学特征,进一步总结区内稀有金属成矿特征,为幕阜山地区乃至华南地区稀有金属找矿与研究提供经验,本次选取5号主矿脉钻孔ZK1616中5_(-2)号矿体的13个矿样进行了主量、微量及稀土元素测试。测试结果:SiO_2:70.2%～90.1%, Al_2O_3:5.23%～16.4%, Na_2O+K_2O:3.49%～11.5%, A/CNK:1.42～3.28,稀碱总量:202.0×10~(-6)～1155.9×10~(-6),稀土元素含量极低,部分超出了测量精度的下限,A/CNK明显高于花岗岩A/CNK指数,具有较高的分异指数。研究表明矿体中伟晶岩跟其围岩(花岗岩)均属高分异、富硅、过铝质、钙碱性花岗质岩石,稀有金属元素的富集程度与花岗岩分异演化程度有良好的一致性,稀有金属成矿受岩浆的分异演化控制,分异晚期富含F、H_2O、CO_2的气、热液流体对围岩的稀有金属元素的释出→迁移,对稀有金属成矿产生了叠加作用。多阶段、分带性较复杂的伟晶岩更有利于铌钽等稀有金属成矿。     

广西西大明山铅锌银多金属矿集区构造控矿规律研究

广西西大明山铅锌银多金属矿集区是广西重要的多金属成矿区,已发现有多处大—中型内生金属矿床,目前该地区仍然具有较大的找矿前景。文章系统总结西大明山矿集区构造控矿规律,初步得到以下认识：①西大明山矿集区具有三级构造控矿的特点;②北东向与近东西向构造复合部位对多金属矿床的形成起重要的控制作用;③断裂浅部的断坪部位为铅锌银多金属矿的有利富集部位,部分矿体具有明显的向南东侧伏的规律。     

井中三分量磁测在青海祁连小水沟地区铁多金属矿的应用

为高效直接地寻找祁连小水沟地区铁多金属矿区井底、井旁的隐伏矿体,通过采用井中三分磁测法,研究对比三分磁测测井资料ΔZ、ΔH'曲线及ΔT'矢量的变化规律寻找隐伏矿体.达到了科学减少钻孔数量,指导钻孔施工方向,较准确预测钻孔四周隐伏矿体,有效提高见矿率的效果.     

小秦岭石英脉型金矿床的构造叠加晕模式

文章总结了小秦岭的文峪、秦岭和东桐峪3个特大型典型石英脉型金矿床的构造叠加晕共性,建立了小秦岭石英脉型金矿床的构造叠加晕的理想模式,确定了矿区深部盲矿预测标志,并取得了好的找矿效果.     

Pb-Zn-Ag-bearing M anganoan Skarns of China

Manganoan skarns consist of special Mn (Ca, Mg, Fe, Al) silicate metasomatic minerals and are usually associated with Pb-Zn(Ag) mineralization. They occur chiefly along the lithologic contacts or faults and fractures of carbonate wall rocks distal from the intrusive contact zone, and are combined with Fe, Cu, W, Sn and Cu-bearing calcic or magnesian skarns occurring in the contact zones to constitute certain metasomatic zoning. Manganoan skarns are formed later than calcic or magnesian skarns. Their rock-forming temperatures are lower than those of calcic or magnesian skarns. The mineral assemblages of manganoan skarns occurring in different carbonate rocks (limestone or dolomite) are notably different.