新疆西天山莱历斯高尔-3571斑岩铜钼矿田地质地球化学和成矿年代

新疆西天山斑岩型矿床面临找矿攻坚,重要铜钼矿化研究十分必要.近年在毗邻莱历斯高尔钼矿新发现3571铜矿,构成重要铜钼矿田.研究认为,莱历斯高尔-3571铜钼矿田形成于准噶尔洋壳向南俯冲在哈萨克斯坦-伊犁板块东北缘形成的早石炭世陆缘弧环境中.矿田内强烈角岩化的志留系粉砂泥岩中侵入了花岗闪长斑岩小岩体群,伴随陆缘弧构造-岩...     

Genesis of the Jurassic Carbonate‐Hosted Pb–Zn Deposits of Jebel Ressas (North‐Eastern Tunisia): Evidence from Mineralogy,Petrography and Trace Metal Contents and Isotope (O,C, S,Pb) Geochemistry

The Jebel Ressas Pb–Zn deposits in North‐Eastern Tunisia occur mainly as open‐space fillings (lodes, tectonic breccia cements) in bioclastic limestones of the Upper Jurassic Ressas Formation and along the contact of this formation with Triassic rocks. The galena–sphalerite association and their alteration products (cerussite, hemimorphite, hydrozincite) are set within a calcite gangue. The Triassic rocks exhibit enrichments in trace metals, namely Pb, Co and Cd enrichment in clays and Pb, Zn, Cd, Co and Cr enrichment in carbonates, suggesting that the Triassic rocks have interacted with the ore‐bearing fluids associated with the Jebel Ressas Pb–Zn deposits. The δ¹⁸O content of calcite associated with the Pb–Zn mineralization suggests that it is likely to have precipitated from a fluid that was in equilibrium with the Triassic dolostones. The δ³⁴S values in galenas from the Pb–Zn deposits range from ?1.5 to +11.4‰, with an average of 5.9‰ and standard deviation of 3.9‰. These data imply mixing of thermochemically‐reduced heavy sulfur carried in geothermal‐ and fault‐stress‐driven deep‐seated source fluid with bacterially‐reduced light sulfur carried in topography‐driven meteoric fluid. Lead isotope ratios in galenas from the Pb–Zn deposits are homogenous and indicate a single upper crustal source of base‐metals for these deposits. Synthesis of the geochemical data with geological data suggests that the base‐metal mineralization at Jebel Ressas was formed during the Serravallian–Tortonian (or Middle–Late Miocene) Alpine compressional tectonics.     

Regional thermal history of the Lennard shelf,Canning Basin,from apatite fission track analysis: Implications for the formation of Pb‐Zn ore deposits

Zinc mineralization in Devonian carbonates of the Lennard Shelf, northern Canning Basin is similar in many respects to that of the Mississippi Valley‐type including estimated minimum temperatures of sulphide precipitation between 70 and 110°C. Apparent apatite fission track ages for Precambrian granitic basement and for detrital apatites in Devonian carbonates in and near Pb‐Zn mineralization generally range between 260 and 340 Ma, with Precambrian samples tending to have slightly older apatite fission track ages than the Devonian carbonates. These apparent ages are younger than the stratigraphic age of the material analysed, indicating that appreciable annealing of fission tracks in apatite has occurred in post‐Devonian times. Mean horizontal confined track lengths are 12–13 μm for most samples and preclude attaching any ‘event’ significance to the fission track ages. Studies of well sequences (Grevillea 1 and Kennedia 1) indicate a period of rapid uplift in the area during the Late Triassic/Early Jurassic. Assuming a constant geothermal gradient of 30°C/km, approximately 1.5 km of uplift and erosion is estimated. Immediate thermal effects related to Miocene lamproite intrusion into Precambrian basement appear to be restricted to within 200 m of the contact zone.

For outcropping Devonian carbonates, a thermal history is proposed involving burial in the Late Palaeozoic/Early Mesozoic, followed by uplift and cooling from peak temperatures around 70–80°C in mid‐Mesozoic times. With reference to this period of burial, Pb‐Zn occurrences represent thermal anomalies when reported fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures are compared with the estimated peak temperatures. However the possibility of a phase of higher temperatures during the Late Devonian/ Early Carboniferous is suggested by the apatite fission track results, in which case sulphide mineralization may reflect ambient regional temperatures if it formed at that time. The absence of enhanced annealing effects in detrital apatites proximal to Pb‐Zn deposits suggests that either sulphide mineralization preceded or accompanied peak regional temperatures suspected during the Late Devonian/Early Carboniferous, or that the mineralizing episodes were of too short a duration to significantly anneal fission tracks in apatite.     

Pb–Zn deposits in Cretaceous carbonate host rocks,northeast Shahmirzad,central Alborz,Iran

A multidisciplinary study including geology, petrography and reconnaissance isotope analyses has been carried out on the Reza-Abad, Reza-Barak and Heydar-Abad Pb–Zn deposits, hosted by different types of Cretaceous dolostone and limestone in northeast of the city of Shahmirzad in the central Alborz region of Iran. Dolostones are dominated by replacement dolomite with minor dolomite cements. The studied deposits are strata-bound vein and breccia type and are associated with tensional faults and fractures. Mineralisation occurs in veins and in karstic and tectonic breccias. Hypogene minerals include galena with minor sphalerite and pyrite. Supergene minerals comprise Fe-oxide, cerussite, anglesite, plattnerite, minimum and mimetite. Calcite, quartz and dolomite form gangue minerals. The δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C values of dolomites vary between –5.8 and +2.1‰ VPDB and between 0.0 and +2.9‰ VPDB, respectively. Isotopic and previous fluid inclusion studies suggest that deposits formed from brines (15–25 wt.% NaCl equiv.) at temperatures of 70 to 110°C. Lead isotope data are homogeneous and represent upper crust source. This study provides an insight into the ore-forming processes of MVT deposits in the northeast Shahmirzad region.     

广西大厂96号矿体的成矿元素地球化学特征与成因

大厂96号矿体是近年来在我国危机矿山接替资源勘查项目中发现的最大单体锌多金属矿体,产于巴力-龙头山矿床与拉么矿床之间,埋深600~800 m,在巴力区下部以锡多金属为主,往北东至黑水沟-大树脚区过渡为锌铜矿体,含锡甚低,具有明显的特殊性。锌和锡含量自西向东呈降低趋势,相反铜有富集趋势,锑与铅仅在浅部富集,往深部愈近岩体,银富集程度愈趋于降低。主要成矿元素随着深度的加大,其含量呈现波状起伏变化而不是截然变化。96号矿体北段锌铜矿体有较为明显的充填交代特征,不管是锡多金属矿段还是锌铜矿段都产于同一层位的层间破碎带中,其成因与长坡-铜坑、拉么矿床一样,属燕山晚期岩浆热液交代成矿作用的产物。     

东升庙矿床成因和找矿研究——与张志斌等商榷

质疑了张志斌等（2010）一文关于东升庙－三贵口锌多金属硫铁矿矿床锌矿体和硫矿体的分类及其各类矿体形态、矿石结构构造和稀土配分模式等方面的依据以及一些论证过程,否定了其在此基础上提出的锌矿体为沉积形成矿源层,后期改造成矿的观点和其得出的下一步找矿方向。锌矿体主要有9号、2号、11号等6个矿体,硫矿体主要有1号、3号、4号等4个矿体。呈层状整合分布于石墨片岩中且和后者具有一致的稀土配分模式的9号和其他矿体一样都是沉积喷流过程的产物,其矿石结构也支持这一点。在东升庙－三贵口地区下一步的找矿方向应该是寻找下部的根部矿体。     

河南老代仗沟铅锌矿床原生晕异常的赋存规律及找矿意义

老代仗沟矿床为伏牛山岩浆期后热液充填成因的脉状铅锌矿的代表性矿床。基于1∶20万和1∶5万水系沉积物地球化学综合异常,开展了1∶1万土壤地球化学测量和1∶5千岩石化探测量。土壤化探次生晕异常(Pb、Zn、Ag成矿元素)的分布面积大、强度高,且与矿带展布方向高度一致;岩石地球化学原生晕异常反映了矿带及矿体的浅、深部的铅锌工业矿体主元素的分布规律,其中Pb、Zn套叠好,Ag、Cu套叠差。矿带由内向外横向分带规律为:Pb-Zn-Ag-Cu→Mn-Sn→(Mo)-Co-Ni;轴向分带自上而下(高程750~450m,间隔60m)为:As-Ag→Sn→Zn-Pb→Be→MoCo-Ni→Cu-Mn;找矿指示元素:矿上为Be、Mn;矿中为Pb、Zn、Ag、(Cu);矿下为Co、Ni。该项研究成果可作为矿带、矿体深部勘查预测的依据。     

固体矿产勘查中矿体外推问题探讨

固体矿产勘查储量计算过程中,矿体圈连时不可避免地会涉及到矿体外推的地质问题。其中,矿体外推的介质为储量计算剖面图和矿体中段水平投影图,矿体外推方式根据外推介质的不同分为沿走向外推和沿倾向外推。此外,根据有无探矿工程的限制可分为有限外推和无限外推,矿体外推起点为有探矿工程控制的矿体边缘样品工程,矿体外推长度分为"尖灭1/2工程间距、尖推=1/2工程间距、平推=1/4工程间距",外推矿体任何部位厚度必须小于矿体外推起点处矿体厚度。矿体外推与资源/储量分类关系密切,一般情况下外推矿体的资源量类型应为333。     

CSAMT法在福建山区寻找隐伏矿中的应用

CSAMT法因有探测深度大,横向分辨率高和抗干扰能力强等优点,成为一种探测深部矿体的有效地球物理方法,并被广泛用于寻找隐伏矿体。根据我们现有的野外工作经验,在地形复杂的山区进行CSAMT法勘探时,相对于平原地区其成本高,效率低,野外施工问题多,提高采集数据质量的难度大。本文就其中的一些问题展开了讨论,并对福建大田测区CSAMT法勘探的结果进行了简要分析。     

河北承德煤岭沟煤矿矿体三维模型的建立及其意义

使用Micromine公司的Kan-tan3D软件将承德煤岭沟煤矿中所收集到的钻孔数据、地质剖面图等资料,进行三维地质建模,完成了地层、构造、已知煤层的三维实体模型,首次做出了可从任意角度观察的承德煤岭沟煤矿矿体三维可视化模型。该研究成果为今后对该区煤炭资源的勘查、开发及经济评价提供了科学的依据。