帕米尔-西昆仑地区新生代古地磁结果及其构造意义

通过对帕米尔-西昆仑地区新生代地层51个采点古地磁样品系统的古地磁测试,获得了研究区新生代较可靠的古地磁数据。尽管上述研究剖面因为单斜地层无法对所获得的古地磁结果进行褶皱检验,但从实验结果可以看出,其地理坐标下平均的高温特征剩磁方向远离现代地磁场方向,且和田朗如乡古近纪、策勒恰恰古近纪、叶城柯克亚乡新近纪剖面所获得的古地磁结果具有正、反2种极性,由此,我们认为以上剖面的高温特征剩磁很可能代表了岩石形成时的原生剩磁方向。结合研究区已有的古地磁数据,认为在新生代印度板块向北挤压作用下,塔里木地块西缘地区(帕米尔高原东北缘)早白垩世-晚白垩世始相对欧亚大陆在古地磁误差范围内并没有发生明显的构造旋转作用(1°~1.6°),而始新世以来相对欧亚大陆则发生了明显的逆时针旋转(22°~38°),该地区的逆时针旋转作用可能与塔拉斯-费尔干纳断裂新生代以来的右旋走滑作用有关,而在帕米尔高原以东则主要以沿大型走滑断裂的走滑作用为主,并没有发生明显的旋转作用。     

Global scale patterns of continental fragmentation: Wilson's cycles as a constraint for long-term sea-level changes

We propose to characterize land–ocean distributions over Late Proterozoic to Phanerozoic times from measurement of perimeters and areas of continental fragments, based on paleomagnetic reconstructions. These measurements serve to calculate geophysically constrained breakup and scatter indexes of continental land masses from 0 to 1100 Ma. We then provide quantitative investigation and modelling of relationships between scatter of continental landmasses and mean age of the oceanic lithosphere during Mesozoic times, which appears to range from 56 to 62 Ma over the last 170 My. We then inverse the scatter of continental landmasses in terms of global oceanic crust mean age over the last 600 My, i.e. back in times where no measurement of seafloor accretion history is possible because of subduction. We finally show that the inferred evolution of oceanic lithosphere mean age over the Phanerozoic remarkably correlates in time with long-term sea-level changes since the Cambrian.     

巴黎盆地下侏罗统的岩石磁学研究及其意义

通过下佛罗统磁性地层学研究,获得了一些能记录岩石形成时的地磁场的样品,根据常规的古地磁方法,等温剩磁和热退磁实验,说明这些岩石的主要载磁矿物为磁铁矿.磁滞回线参数的测量表明多数载磁矿物磁铁矿为假单磁畴,少量样品则可能为假单磁畴与多磁畴的混合物.通过与北美古生代重磁化岩石的磁滞回线参数比值对比,说明重磁化与非重磁化岩五磁滞回线参数比值的分布趋势有明显差别,这一差别可能用于判定岩石的重磁化和非重磁化性质.     

巴黎盆地下侏罗统的岩石磁学研究及其意义

通过下佛罗统磁性地层学研究,获得了一些能记录岩石形成时的地磁场的样品,根据常规的古地磁方法,等温剩磁和热退磁实验,说明这些岩石的主要载磁矿物为磁铁矿.磁滞回线参数的测量表明多数载磁矿物磁铁矿为假单磁畴,少量样品则可能为假单磁畴与多磁畴的混合物.通过与北美古生代重磁化岩石的磁滞回线参数比值对比,说明重磁化与非重磁化岩五磁滞回线参数比值的分布趋势有明显差别,这一差别可能用于判定岩石的重磁化和非重磁化性质.     

青藏高原拉萨地块早白垩纪火山岩古地磁结果及其构造意义

对青藏高原拉萨地块早白垩纪火山岩15个采点的古地磁测定,揭示了一组高温特征剩磁分量.实验结果表明采样剖面获得的早白垩统卧荣沟组的古地磁结果全部为正极性,显示与早白垩纪正极性超静带的极性特征相似.对岩石的显微镜观察表明岩石未受后期热液化学交代作用和风化作用,这表明所获得的高温分量很可能代表岩石形成时的原生剩磁.其特征剩磁方向为:偏角D=18.4°,倾角I=26.5°,α95=8.6°;相应的极位置为:经度ψp=220.3°E,纬度λp=66.4°N,dp=9.3°,dm=6.9°,古纬度plat=14.0°.通过对比拉萨地块以北诸地块早白垩纪古地磁结果,认为拉萨地块在早白垩纪已与芜塘地块碰撞拼合在一起,而自早白垩纪以来相对欧亚大陆发生了1500±600km的构造缩短.结合拉萨地块已有的晚白垩纪和古新纪古地磁数据,认为欧亚大陆的最南缘(拉萨地块)在印度/欧亚大陆发生碰撞前自早白垩纪一始新纪一直处于北纬12.8°～14°N低纬度位置,并未发生明显的纬向运动.     

Paleomagnetism of the Upper Proterozoic and Devonian rocks from the K odzko Metamorphic Complex in the West Sudetes (SW Poland): tectonic implications for the Variscan belt of Central Europe

The K odzko Metamorphic Complex (KMC) consists of Upper Proterozoic metaigneous and metasedimentary rocks forming a stack pile thrusted over the Givetian and overlain by Frasnian–Fammenian sediments. Magnetomineralogical experiments show that the magnetic minerals are secondary. The paleomagnetic experiments identified three components of the Natural Remanent Magnetization; labeled A1, A2 and M. The mean pole positions calculated in situ correspond with the Baltica Upper Devonian (A1: PlatS=−18°, PlongE=317°), Permo-Carboniferous (A2: PlatS=−39°, PlongE=2°) and Triassic–Jurassic (M: PlatS=−60°C, PlongE=308°) segments of the Apparent Polar Wander Path (APWP) for Baltica. This indicates that the region studied was situated close to the Baltica plate at least since the Upper Devonian and was not folded after this period.     

An integrated paleomagnetic study of Rio Grande de Santiago volcanic succession (trans-Mexican volcanic belt): revisited

We carried out an integrated paleomagnetic, rock-magnetic and paleointensity study of Miocene volcanic succession from the trans-Mexican volcanic belt (TMVB) north of Guadalajara. A total of 37 consecutive basaltic lava flows (326 oriented standard paleomagnetic cores) were collected at Lazo locality. Continuous susceptibility measurements with temperature and hysteresis experiments yield in most cases reasonably reversible curves with Curie points close to that of pseudo-single-domain magnetite. Two geomagnetic reversals were observed in the 300 m thick composite section. Paleosecular variation was lower than the one observed in general during Miocene. It appears that the volcanic units have been emplaced during a relatively short time span of about 1 Ma. The mean paleomagnetic directions obtained from this study do not differ significantly from that expected for the middle Miocene. The mean paleomagnetic direction calculated from all data is I=31.1°, D=354.6°, k=124 and ₉₅=2.1°, N=37. Seventy-two samples with apparently preserved primary magnetic mineralogy and without secondary magnetization, mostly belonging to reverse polarity chron were pre-selected for Thellier paleointensity determination. The flow-mean paleointensity values are ranging from 22.4±3.4 to 53.8±6.0 μT and the corresponding virtual dipole moments (VDMs) are ranging from (5.4±0.8) to (12.0±1.4)×10²² A m². This corresponds to mean value of (7.7±2.2)×10²² A m², which is close to present day geomagnetic field strength. Altogether, our data suggest the existence of relatively high geomagnetic field strength undergoing low fluctuations.     

磁性构造学研究方法述评

本文分析了磁性构造学的各种基本研究方法，继而讨论了近年来古地磁视极移曲线分析方法的研究进展，然后讨论了真极移问题，最后对当前磁性构造学的研究动向作了简要的概括。     

A preliminary paleomagnetic result of quaternary drilling core from southern Leizhou Peninsula, Guangdong Province

313 orientated samples were collected from Drilling Core ZK1 in southern Leizhou Peninsula for the study of Quaternary paleomagnetic strato-chronology.Te polarity measurement results indicate that the core recorded paleomagnetic information in three main parts:the upper one of the core,from the ground surface to the depth of 39m ,is normally magnetized in polarity,the middle one,from 39m 59 210m in depth,mainly shows reversed polarity and the lower one recorded normal polarity again.They correspond to the Brunhes normal chron,the Matuyama reversed chron and the Guass normal chron in the geomagnetic polarity time scale,respectively.The age of he core could be over 3.4Ma.Meanwhile,the magnetic susceptibility was measured and its result is significant for stratigraphic division and paleoclimatic research.     

Remanent Magnetization in Portland-Cement-Based Materials

The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the possibility of applying one geophysical method to studying untraditional systems as is the case with Portland-cement-based materials. The research demonstrates how conventional paleomagnetic methodology can be employed in studying the mode of magnetic recording in present-day industrial materials. Portland-cement admixtures such as fly ashes and furnace slags should be discriminated, because those particles interact in soils and sediments in nature. Moreover, a better undertanding of magnetic remanent acquisition in model materials can serve to improve the interpretation of magnetic remanent acquisition in natural rocks formed a long time ago. The magnetic constituents of Portland-cement paste and mortar acquire a magnetic remanence due to their alignment with the earth's magnetic field at the casting place. This magnetization can be measured using ordinary paleomagnetic techniques. The alignment of the individual magnetic particles accounts for the intensity of the magnetic remanence, which can be increased by adding water and by vibration before setting and hardening. Blast furnace slag admixtures also add to the enhancement of the intensity of remanence. The magnetization of Portland-cement-based materials shows a near linear relationship with the water /cement (w/c) ratios employed in the experimental work; the w/c ratios range between 0.2 – 0.6 in pastes and 0.3 – 0.6 in mortar. Stable remanent magnetization was obtained during the first seven days of setting and hardening, a period necessary for magnetic particles to become locked parallel to the earth's magnetic field. The stability of magnetic remanence predicts the usefulness of the methodology in studying the properties of Portland cement and particularly in the control of iron-bearing admixtures.