冀西北崇礼-赤城含金剪切带成矿机制

在印支末-燕山期，冀西北地区遭受了强烈的韧性剪切变形和复杂的碱交代作用，逐步演化出各种糜棱岩→碱交代杂岩以及东坪、黄土梁、小营盘等几十处石英脉-钾质蚀变岩型金矿床，构成独持的崇礼-赤城含金剪切带。绿岩地体的含金性、强烈的韧性剪切变形及其韧性-韧脆性-脆性演化过程是金矿形成的前提，而伴随剪切变形演化出现的多期次含金富碱热流体面型-裂隙型碱交代作用是金矿形成的关键。     

TGS热重仪、GC色谱仪的数据采集系统及PC机数据管理软件研制

ｗ 本文介绍了 Ｂ Ｏ Ｃ５２２ 单片机多路数据采集系统,及该系统与 Ｙ Ｃ Ｃ 温度控制器和 Ｐ Ｃ 机间数据通讯设计。同时介绍了 Ｐ Ｃ 机软件对数采仪数据的处理和管理,实现 Ｔ Ｇ Ｓ－ ２ 和 Ｇ Ｃ（１０３）数据的微机存贮与表格图形处理。该数采仪和 Ｐ Ｃ 机构成两联用仪的数据处理系统。     

Problems and Solutions in Pesticide Analysis Using Solid‐phase Extraction (SPE) and Gas Chromatography Ion‐trap Mass Spectrometry Detection (GC‐MS)

In the present study an analytical method was tested for the determination of selected pesticides and metabolites using solid‐phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography ion‐trap mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). The extraction efficiency of C18, Isolut ENV+, and Lichrolut EN for SPE was compared for trifluralin, fenitrothion, endosulfan, propargite, 2,4‐D, 3‐methyl‐4‐nitrophenol, 2‐(4‐tert‐butylphenoxy)cyclohexanol, endosulfan sulfate, and 2,4‐dichlorophenol. Isolut ENV+ and C18 showed good results as sorbents and acetone as an elution solvent for SPE for the selected pesticides. Recoveries varied between 36% and 176% with a relative standard deviation of 2...18%. Because of coextracts from the SPE materials, recovery values higher than 100% were obtained for fenitrothion, endosulfan sulfate, and 2,4‐D with C18 as well as for endosulfan sulfate and 3‐methyl‐4‐nitrophenol with Isolut ENV+. A standard addition method was used to verify the occurrence of coextracts in the sample after SPE.     

海南岛戈枕含金剪切带煌斑岩与金成矿关系研究

在详细的矿床地质、岩石地球化学和同位素年代学综合研究基础上,结合区域构造演化的特点,着重对金矿与煌斑岩的成因关系进行了剖析,认为戈枕含金剪切带煌斑岩与金矿不仅具有生成构造环境上的联系,而且对金成矿具有重要的物源贡献,是金矿找矿标志。煌斑岩与金矿是长期的区域构造活动、岩浆活动事件耦合作用的产物。     

岩体经验强度准则估算岩基强度参数和变形模量的方法

本文结合岩体CSIR和NGI分类体系,介绍了由岩体经验强度准则和岩体分类指标RMR和Q估算地基岩体强度参数和变形模量的方法,从而为快速、经济地进行岩基设计提供了重要途径。     

中印度洋洋盆GC11岩心富稀土深海沉积的元素地球化学特征

对中印度洋洋盆的沉积GC11岩心开展了主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素分析研究,根据主微量元素相关性特征、稀土元素富集程度以及澳大利亚后太古代平均页岩归一化模式特征,初步探讨了GC11岩心的沉积地球化学特征,以及影响稀土元素富集的可能因素。研究表明,GC11岩心稀土元素总量在400.64×10?6～742.74×10?6,平均值为658.41×10?6,略低于邻近海域的GC02岩心,与沃顿海盆DSDP213岩心中含沸石型深海粘土层位中的稀土元素含量相当。δCe负异常明显,(La/Yb)_N为0.42,显示重稀土相对富集的特点。稀土元素与P₂O₅呈显著正相关性,CaO/P₂O₅的平均值为2.3,表明生物钙磷灰石可能是稀土元素的主要载体矿物,而铁锰水合物可能对富集稀土元素有一定的促进作用,但影响不大;GC11岩心中δCe负异常程度远低于GC02岩心,略低于DSDP213岩心,中稀土富集特征与GC02和DSDP213岩心基本一致。不同程度陆源物质的混入可能是导致以上不同岩心中稀土元素富集程度和分馏特征的主要原因。     

气相色谱测定沉积物中多氯联苯的样品处理方法研究

通过比较密闭微波萃取、超声波萃取、索氏提取3种方法对沉积物中多氯联苯(PCBs)提取效率,对比浓硫酸和Florisil小柱两种净化方式的净化效果,在实验基础上建立了密闭微波萃取-Florisil小柱净化-气相色谱(ECD)测定沉积物中多氯联苯的分析方法,加标质量比为0.2ng/g时,其相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.19%～8.71%,回收率为77.3%～94.6%,检出限为0.027～0.064ng/g。采用该方法对威海湾养殖区沉积物中PCBs进行了监测,结果表明本方法适用于海洋沉积物样品中PCBs的测定。     

高分子微球GDX-502富集海水中微量苯胺及其气相色谱测定的研究

本文介绍了一种测定海水中微量苯胺的气相色谱法。取5L天然海水，用KOH调节水样的pH＝9，将溶液转移至贮液器中，在减压下，以10－20ml/min流速全部通过已净化的GDX－502吸附柱，尽可能除去柱中残留水分，将8－10ml二氯甲烷洗脱剂注入柱同浸泡数分钟，打开活塞以3－5ml/min的流速接收洗脱液，将洗脱液转移至K.D．浓缩器中，浓缩至1ml，定容。用少许无水硫酸钠干燥脱水后，即可取样进行色谱测定，其最低检出浓度可达2μg/l。     

Changes in the Chemical Components of Light Crude Oil During Simulated Short Term Weathering

To unambiguously identify spilled oils and to link them to the known sources are extremely important in settling ques-tions of environmental impact and legal liability. The fate and behavior of spilled oils in the environment depend on a number of physicochemical and biological factors. This paper presents the results regarding changes in chemical composition of light crude oil during simulated short-term weathering based on natural environmental conditions. The results show that the saturated hydrocarbons of the light crude oil mainly distribute between n-C8 and n-C23 and the most abundant n-alkanes are found in the n-C10 to n-C16. The main chemical components of the light crude oil are n-alkanes and isoprenoids. The aromatic compounds are subordinate chemical components. Under the conditions of the weathering simulation experiment,n-alkanes less than n-C12,toluene and 1,3-dimethyl ben-zene are lost after 1 d weathering,the n-C13,n-C14,naphthalene and 2-methyl-naphthalene are lost on the fifth day of weathering,and n-C15 alkane components show certain weatherproof capability. The ratios n-C17/pristane and n-C18/phytane are unaltered and can be used to identify the source of the light crude oil during the first 8 d of weathering. After 21 d,the ratio pristine/phytane can not pro-vide much information on the source of the spilled light crude oil. Triterpanes(m/z 191) as biomarker compounds of light crude oil are more valuable.     

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Different Methods for the Remediation of Contaminated Groundwater by Determining the Petroleum Hydrocarbon Content

The effectiveness of different remediation procedures for decreasing the amount of TPH (total petroleum hydrocarbons) in contaminated groundwater was evaluated at the site of a former refinery. The investigations were carried out on samples taken from several gravel based HSSF (horizontal subsurface flow) constructed wetlands (CW) which differed in relation to their filter material additives (no additive, charcoal, and ferric oxides additives) and examined the potential effect of these additives on the overall treatment efficiency. Samples of the following gravel based HSSF CW were investigated. No filter additive (system A), 0.1% activated carbon (system B), 0.5% iron(III) hydroxide (system C), and the reference (system D). Systems A–C were planted with common reed (Phragmites australis), whereas system D remained unplanted. In addition, the influence of seasonal conditions on the reduction of these hydrocarbons and the correlation between the amounts of TPH and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene isomers), on the one hand, and methyl tert‐butyl ether, on the other, was investigated. The study was carried out by using a modified GC‐FID approach and multivariate methods. The investigations carried out in the first year of operation demonstrated that the effectiveness of the petroleum hydrocarbon removal was highest and reached a level of 93 ± 3.5% when HSSF filters with activated carbon as a filter additive were used. This remediation method allowed the petroleum hydrocarbon content to be reduced independently of seasonal conditions. The correlation between the reduction of TPH and BTEX was found to be R = 0.8824. Using this correlation coefficient, the time‐consuming determination of the BTEX content was no longer necessary.