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31.
本文研究了城市给排水管网信息系统的数据结构及其建立方法,以及在微机上利用C语言进行城市给排水信息系统的设计,实现了部分空间分析功能。 相似文献
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This paper describes a new device for measuring seabed sliding resistance in situ, and provides an associated interpretation procedure. The device is designed to use a work class ROV as a testing platform to allow measurements to be obtained without use of a specialized geotechnical survey platform. The measurements are to assist pipeline design or analysis of the sliding resistance of other on-bottom infrastructure such as anchor chains. The device has been trialled using three tools: a flat plate, a cylindrical pipe section and a length of chain. The tools are dragged axially along the seabed using the ROV thrusters or a separate hydraulic actuator. An interpretation technique has been developed to estimate the passive resistance mobilized by the faces of the tools to eliminate end effects and to account for shape effects such as wedging. Onshore-trial tests were performed in a bed of dry sand. The individual tools exhibited different overall coefficients of friction, but the back-analysis method yielded equal interface friction angles acting on all three devices, indicating internal consistency. The interface friction angle also matched shear box test results. These outcomes confirm the correct operation of the device in drained seabed conditions, and yield useful information on the sliding resistance of pipes and chains. In addition, the back-analysis method allows measurements from one shape of tool to be used to estimate the response of other objects. 相似文献
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We here study the scouring processes that evolve around a submarine pipeline placed on a weakly cohesive seabed. We first analyze some laboratory tests carried out by Vijaya Kumar et al. [21], Xu et al. [25] and Zhou et al. [28] that focused on the scouring around a horizontal cylinder lying on a cohesive bed, subject to waves and currents. The specific purpose is that of finding a new formula for the prediction of the equilibrium scour depth under submarine pipelines. After a theoretical analysis of the main parameters, the sought formula has been found to be a function of: (i) the hydrodynamic forces acting on the cylinder (through the Keulegan–Carpenter parameter KC), (ii) the clay content of the soil Cc, and (iii) the burial depth e0/D. In the presence of small amounts of clay (Cc< 5 %), the scour depth depends directly on KC (as confirmed by many literature works for pipelines lying on sandy soils, e.g. [18]) and inversely on Cc (as already seen for bridge abutments on cohesive soils, e.g. [1]), the best-fit law being characterized by a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.62. If some burial depth is accounted for, this being a novelty of the present work, a more general formulation can be used, valid in the presence of weakly-cohesive soils and with burial depths of the pipe smaller than 0.5 (R2 = 0.79). For large clay-content ranges (2% < Cc < 75 %), the scour depth depends directly on both KC and Cc, this giving R2 = 0.79 (no burial depth) and 0.91 (some burial depth). However, this finding is at odds with the main literature, because, for large amounts of clay, it is fundamental to consider the liquidity index LI, which accounts for some important clay properties, like the plasticity. We argue that the absence of LI is balanced by the direct dependence of the scour depth on Cc. Notwithstanding the small number of available data, a formula for the prediction of the scour depth under pipelines lying on cohesive soils is fundamental for several engineering applications. The present contribution represents the first attempt to build such a formula, when the pipeline is subject to the wave-current forcing and the seabed is characterized by a relatively small clay content. 相似文献
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本实验以坛紫菜自由丝状体为材料,研究不同培养方式(静置、摇床、通气)和换水频率(5d、7d、10d、20d)对丝状体生长及藻胆蛋白(PE、PC)含量变化的影响。研究结果表明:坛紫菜自由丝状体在摇床培养条件下生长较好,特定生长速率可达10.832 7%~10.891 5%;摇床培养下的丝状体PE含量相对静置培养的较高一些,通气培养的相对较低,最高为36.816 8mg/g;静置条件下培养的丝状体PC含量最高,摇床培养次之,通气培养最低,最低为1.082 4mg/g。相同培养方式下,换水频率对丝状体特定生长速率影响不大;除通气培养外,换水频率20d其PE、PC含量较高。方差分析结果表明:实验范围内的培养方式及换水频率对丝状体特定生长速率大小、PE和PC含量不存在交互作用。本文实验结果对坛紫菜自由丝状体产业化应用于食品加工、色素提取等产业提供了实验理论和依据。 相似文献
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通过宁德国际会展中心桩基工程的低应变法检测事例,提出了反射波形上出现与入射波反相反射波并不一定仅是土层反应,断桩也可能导致低应变波形出现明显的反相反射波,进而对该桩基质量进行全面分析、评价,对桩基检测结果作出判断。 相似文献
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为了研究地震引起的斜坡滑动破坏规律及其位移、应变的变化规律,利用数字散斑相关方法(DSCM),对主要受水平方向地震动荷载作用下的斜坡进行了实验模拟。结果表明,斜坡的破坏首先从模型底部弱面位置开始,沿弱面逐渐扩展,最终破坏;斜坡所含弱面的深度,对破坏过程有重要的影响。 相似文献